Organization & -The structure of - The structure is - The structure of -Organization and

Structure the paper is clear mostly clear and the paper is not structure detract
and easy to follow. easy to follow. easy to follow. from the message of
- Paragraph - Paragraph - Paragraph the writer.
transitions are transitions are transitions need - Paragraphs are
logical and present. improvement. disjointed and lack
maintain the flow - The conclusion is - The conclusion is transition of
Society is the place where social interactions and the human of thought logical. missing, or if thoughts
relationship with his/her environment happens. On the other hand, throughout the provided, does not
paper. flow from the body
humans are the prime movers of interactions, and they cause - The conclusion is of the paper.
changes that occur in our society. Because of human eagerness to logical and flows
from the body of
explain what is happening in the world, it resulted in the birth of the the paper
three major divisions of sciences: the social sciences, natural
Format - Paper follows all - Paper follows - Paper follows most - Paper lacks many
sciences, and humanities. These sciences are interrelated with the designated designated guidelines. elements of correct
common primary goal to explain how man is influenced by society guidelines. guidelines. - Paper is over/ formatting.
- Paper is the - Paper is the under word length. - Paper is
and how society is shaped by man. appropriate length appropriate length inadequate/excessiv
as described for as described for the e in length.
As a Senior High School student, some of your responsibilities the assignment. assignment. -Paper is not double
-The format -The format is good. spaced.
are increasing your knowledge, widening your awareness, and deepening your enhances the
understanding of our world. As humans interacting with society, we need to study the readability of the
paper.
sciences and the disciplines that will significantly help us make sense of the things
around us. Grammar, - Rules of - Rules of grammar, - The paper contains - The paper contains
Punctuation & grammar, usage, usage, and a few grammatical, numerous
Spelling and punctuation punctuation are punctuation, and grammatical,
In this module, you will learn the nature and functions of Social Science are followed; followed with minor spelling errors. punctuation, and
disciplines with the natural sciences. spelling is correct. errors. - The language spelling errors.
- Language is clear The spelling is lacks clarity or - The language uses
and precise; correct. includes the use of jargon or
sentences display some jargon or conversational tone.
consistently conversational tone.
strong, varied
structure.

TOTAL
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY:
Differentiate the nature and functions of Social Science disciplines with Source: https://www.rcampus.com/rubricshowc.cfm? code=L3CA8B&sp=yes&
the Natural Sciences and Humanities.
Scoring:
At the end of the module, you should be able to: Score Numerical Rating Adjectival Rating
1. Discuss the nature and functions of Social Science disciplines 16 100% Excellent
14-15 96%
with the natural sciences;
12-13 92% Very good
2. Identify carefully the importance of nature and functions of 10-11 88%
Social Science disciplines with the natural sciences in our real- 8-9 84% Good
life situations; and 7 80%
3. Cite practical real-life situations that can distinguish social 6 76% Fair
sciences to natural sciences. 5 72%
4 68% Needs Improvement
3 64%
2 62%
Since you already know our target for this module, are you ready to learn more? 1 60%
I hope that you will enjoy all the activities and reading materials that we have prepared
for you. Good luck and happy learning to you.

1 22
 __________________________
(Title)
_______________________________________
_______________________________________ 1. Natural Science any of the sciences (such as physics,
_______________________________________ chemistry, or biology) that deal with matter, energy, and their
_______________________________________ interrelations and transformations or with objectively measurable
phenomena
_______________________________________ 2. Science - knowledge or a system of knowledge covering general
_______________________________________ truths or the operation of general laws especially as obtained and
_______________________________________ tested through scientific method
_______________________________________ 3. Social Science a branch of science that deals with the
institutions and functioning of human society and with the
_______________________________________ interpersonal relationships of individuals as members of society.
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________

_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
DIRECTIONS. Choose the best answer to the following questions/statements below.
_______________________________________
Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
_______________________________________
_______________________________________ 1. Which of the following statements does BEST describe social sciences?
_______________________________________ A. It is an academic discipline that deals with the study of human
_______________________________________ interaction with different social institutions.
B. It is a body of knowledge that deals with nature.
C. It is a branch of science concerned with the institutions and functions of
human society.
Rubrics for REACTION PAPER.
D. None of the above.
CATEGORY Excellent Good Fair Poor SCORE
(4) (3) (2) (1)
Content & Content is - Content is accurate - Content is not - The content is 2. Which of the following statements does BEST describe natural sciences?
Development comprehensive, and persuasive. comprehensive and incomplete.
A. It is an academic discipline that deals with living and non-living things.
accurate, and - Major points are /or persuasive. - Major points are
persuasive. stated. - Major points are not clear and /or B. It is a body of knowledge concerned with scientific bases.
- Major points are - Responses are addressed, but not persuasive.
C. It is a branch of science concerned with humans and nature.
stated clearly and adequate and well supported. Questions were not
are well supported. address assignment. - Responses are adequately D. All of the above.
- Responses are - The content and inadequate or do not answered.
excellent, timely, purpose of the address assignment.
and address writing are clear. - Content is 3. It refers to the holistic "science of man," a science of the totality of human existence.
assignments, inconsistent
A. Anthropology B. Biology C. Chemistry D. Sociology
including course concerning the
concepts. purpose and clarity
- Content and of thought.
4. The following are branches of Social Sciences, EXCEPT:
purpose of the
writing are clear A. Biology B. Anthropology C. Economics D. Sociology

21 2
5. The following are branches of Natural Sciences, EXCEPT:
A. Biology B. Chemistry C. Physics D. History

6. It refers to the branch of natural science which deals with the study of living RATING LEVEL
organisms, including behavior and development. 10-8 EXCELLENT!
A. Anthropology B. Genetics C. Biology D. Law Congratulations! You can proceed to the next
page and continue to learn the lesson.
7. Which of the following is/are sub-branch/es of Natural Science? 7-5 BETTER!
A. Life Science C. Earth Science
missed and continue.
B. Physical Science D. Both A and B.
4-3 VERY GOOD!
You can improve your knowledge and
8. What is the difference between the social sciences and natural sciences?
continue to learn the next lesson.
A. Social Sciences and Natural Sciences both deal with human nature
2-0 NEEDS IMPROVEMENT!
and social interaction.
This module will help you to learn better with
B. Social Sciences and Natural Sciences both do
nature and social interaction.
next page.
C. Social Sciences focuses on the functions of human society, while
Natural Sciences focuses on nature where humans are affected.
D. Social Sciences deals with human and social interaction. In contrast,
Natural Sciences deals with how humans interact with their nature and
vice-versa.

9. What is the similarity between the social sciences and natural sciences?
A. Social sciences and natural sciences are both sciences concerning
human existence and relationship with the place he/she belongs to.
B. Social sciences and natural sciences are interrelated to each other that
seeks
C. Both A and B.
D. None of the above.
TASK NO. 4. REFLECTION PAPER
DIRECTIONS: Your task is to make a reflection paper about the current issues with
the integration of social sciences and natural sciences disciplines. You can review the
text you have read to get an idea out of it. Write your answers on a separate sheet of
paper.

10. How important is it to know the nature and functions of social sciences and
Suggested Topics:
natural sciences and their relationship with each other?
A. They are different in nature but the same in functions. 1. COVID-19: A Health Pandemic
B. They are the same in nature but different in functions. 2. Community Quarantine: Effective or Ineffective
C. They are the same in nature and functions. 3. Ways on how to follow a new Health Protocols mandated in the IATF Guidelines
D. They are integrated, interrelated, and interdisciplinary in nature and 4. Social Media as a new form of consumerism.
functions. 5. Online Selling: A business trending
6. (You can make own topic).

3 20
 D. All of the above.
HE RESULT
7. The following are sub-branches of Natural Science:
I. Life Science III. Social Science RATING LEVEL
II. Physical Science IV. Humanities 10-8 EXCELLENT!
A. I and II B. III and IV C. I, II, and III D. I, II, III, and IV Congratulations! You can proceed to the next
page and continue to learn the lesson.
8. Which of the following statement/s below BEST differentiate/s social sciences with 7-5 BETTER!
You can go back to those lessons t
natural sciences?
missed and continue.
I. Social Sciences and Natural Sciences both deal with human nature and
4-3 VERY GOOD!
social interaction.
You can improve your knowledge and continue to
II. Social Sciences and Natural Sciences both d deal with human nature
learn the next lesson.
and social interaction.
2-0 NEEDS IMPROVEMENT!
III. Social Sciences focuses on the functions of human society; however,
This module will help you to learn better with the
Natural Sciences focuses on nature where human affected.
IV. Social Sciences deals with human and social interaction; however,
page.
Natural Sciences deals with how human interacted with his/her nature
and vice-versa.
A. I and II B. III and IV C. IV only D. None of the above

9. What is the similarity between social sciences to natural sciences?

I. Social sciences and natural sciences are both sciences that concern
with human existence and relationship to his/her place he/she belongs.
II. Social sciences and natural sciences are interrelated to each other that SOCIAL SCIENCE AS A DISCIPLINE: AN INTRODUCTION
seeks to
III. Social sciences are superior to natural sciences.
The human quest to search the truth and investigate phenomena to satisfy
IV. Social sciences are inferior to natural sciences.
human curiosity and maximize our existence is the primary reason why we continue
A. I and II B. III and IV C. I, II, and III D. I, II, III, and IV
in our journey to broaden our knowledge and understanding about the world and
humans. With this, man is inclined to organize a system of knowledge that will study
10. How important is it to know the nature and functions of social sciences and natural
general truths or the operation of general laws especially as obtained and tested
sciences to each other?
through a scientific method or what we call science (Merriam-Webster).
I. They are different in nature but the same in functions.
II. They are the same in nature but different in functions.
Science establishes truths and laws through scientific methods such as
III. They are the same in nature and functions.
investigation, inquiry, experimentation, and observation that combine into research. Its
IV. They are integrated, interrelated, and interdisciplinary in nature and
cover is comprehensive that is why it is divided into three major sub-branches of
functions.
knowledge or academic disciplines: social sciences, natural
V. They are interdisciplinary, and they are helping each other to deepen
sciences, and humanities. These three branches of science are interrelated and
and give a more constructive and science-based explanation of what is
helping each other to discuss the nature and function of different sciences, which is a
happening in our society, to us a human, and to the world itself.
very essential part of the academic disciplines of the world and humans.
A. I, II, and III B. IV and V C. I, II, III, and IV D. I and II
In this module, we will learn the nature and functions of Social Science
disciplines with the natural sciences and humanities.

19 4
WEEK 1
LESSON 1 NATURE AND FUNCTIONS OF SOCIAL
SCIENCE AS A DISCIPLINE DIRECTIONS. Choose the best answer to the following questions/statements below.
A. General Concepts and Historical Background Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.

Social Science is an academic discipline and a branch of science that deals with 1. Which of the following statements does NOT describe social sciences?
the institutions and functioning of human society and with the interpersonal I. It is an academic discipline that deals with the study of human interaction
relationships of individuals as members of society (Merriam-Webster). to different social institutions.
II. It is a body of knowledge that deals with nature.
It started during the Age of
III. It is a branch of science concerned with the institutions and functions of
Enlightenment between the 17th to 19th
human society.
centuries. This period is also known as
IV. It is a body of knowledge that deals with human society and social
the , which was an
interaction.
intellectual and philosophical movement
A. I and II B. III and IV C. I, II, and III D. IV only
that began in Europe. Social science
was merely taught as a natural
2. Which of the following statements does BEST describe natural sciences?
philosophy, but later on, when the Age
I. It is an academic discipline that deals with living and non-living things.
of Revolutions began, specifically the
II. It is a body of knowledge concerned with a scientific basis.
Industrial Revolution and the French
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/ANICET-CHARLES- III. It is a branch of science concerned with humans and nature.
GABRIEL_LEMONNIER_A_READING_OF_VOLTAIRE.jpg Revolution in Europe, it was
IV. It is a systematic study using the scientific method.
conceptualized as moral philosophy and
A. I and II B. III and IV C. I, II, and III D. I, II, III, and IV
then as science which was experimental or applied that focused on the systematic
knowledge-bases or prescriptive practices, relating to the social improvement of
3. Which of the following statements does BEST describe Anthropology?
a group of interacting entities.
A. It refers to the holistic "science of man," a science of the totality of
human existence.
There was extensive growth of social science in the 18th century. Pioneers during
B. Came from the two Greek words, , and
that time were Denis Diderot, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Auguste Comte, who
emphasized social science as a distinct conceptual field and reflected in other
C. Both A and B
specialized encyclopedias. Later on, the discipline ,
D. None of the above.
focusing on knowledge based on actual positive sense experience and avoiding the
negative and metaphysical speculation. It was Auguste Comte, who used first the term
4. The following are branches of Social Sciences, EXCEPT:
, and he also called it
A. Economics B. Anthropology C. Economics D. Chemistry
physics
5. The following are branches of Natural Sciences, EXCEPT:
A. Biology B. Archaeology C. Physics D. Zoology

6. Which of the following statements does BEST describe Biology?

A. It refers to the branch of natural science, which deals with the study of
living organisms, including behavior and development.
B. It refers to the study of past events.
C. It refers to the study of human remains, such as fossils and artifacts.

AUGUSTE COMTE JEAN-JACQUES 5 CHARLES FOURIER DENIS DIDEROT

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikip
edia/commons/b/b3/Auguste_Co
mte.jpg
ROUSSEAU
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/com
mons/b/b7/JeanJacques_Rousseau_%28p
ainted_portrait%29.jpg
18
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi
a/commons/3/39/Charles_Fourier_%
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Di
derot#/media/File:Denis_Diderot_111
28by_Hans_F._Helmolt%29.jpg
.PNG
 B. Natural Sciences
Furthermore, during this period, the concept of
IMPORTANCE OF NATURE AND EXAMPLE OF REAL-LIFE social sciences became established in the five (5) paths
FUNCTIONS OF NATURAL APPLICATION
SCIENCES of development influenced by Comte in other fields.
First, the rise of social research and extensive statistical
1. surveys were undertaken in various parts of Europe and
2. the United States. Second, a route initiated by Emile

3. introduced the metatheoretical ideas and individual

4. theories. Third, the rise of methodological dichotomy VILFREDO PARETO
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilfredo_Pareto#/

became media/File:Vilfredo_Pareto_1870s2.jpg

5. present, and the social phenomena were

Reflective Questions: identified and understood because of Max
1. What do you think is the significance of knowing the importance of nature and Weber. Fourth, the development of
functions of social sciences disciplines with natural sciences in our real-life economic knowledge and concept was also
situations? introduced. Last was that the correlation of
2. Identify proof that social sciences are interrelated, integrated, and knowledge and social values prospered,
interdisciplinary with natural sciences. and the theory became description and
prescription avoided the overlapping
discussions of a subject.

In the 20th century, the concept of social

sciences became interdisciplinary, cross-
TASK NO. 3. VENN DIAGRAM disciplinary, and quantitative in
DIRECTIONS: Your task is to cite practical real-life situations that can distinguish methodology. Applied mathematics and
social sciences to natural sciences. Give at least five (5) differences and similarities. statistics were used during this time. Later
on, social sciences influenced the field of
You can go ba Write your answers on https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Social_Sci
ence_Congress_1879.jpg natural sciences and adopted the
a separate sheet of paper.
qualitative method. There was an increase in the quantitative research and qualitative
SOCIAL SCIENCES NATURAL SCIENCES approach because the two were integrated into the study of human action and its
implications and consequences.
DIFFERENCES DIFFERENCES
SIMILARITIES In the contemporary period,
social science became the source
and center for research and data.
There was an emergence of new
theories because of different
research methodologies used. Two
social scientists were influenced by
this, and these were Karl Popper
and Talcott Parson.
KARL POPPER TALCOTT PARSON
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Popp https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Popp
er#/media/File:Karl_Popper.jpg er#/media/File:Karl_Popper.jpg

17 6
 4.
established by scholars such as Auguste Comte, Emile Durkheim, Karl Marx, and Max 5.
Weber. Disciplines outside of 6.
discipline and branch of science. 7.
8.
9.
10.

BRANCHES OF NATURAL NATURE AND FUNCTIONS

SCIENCES
1.
2.
3.
4.
EMILE DURKHEIM KARL MARX 5.
MAX WEBER
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89m
ile_Durkheim#/media/File:%C3%89mile
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c
ommons/d/d4/Karl_Marx_001.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/co 6.
_Durkheim.jpg
mmons/6/65/Max_Weber%2C_1918.jpg
7.
8.
B. Branches
9.
Social Science is an academic discipline that focuses on the relationships of
institutions, the function of a person in society, and other members of society.
Consequently, social sciences have several sub-disciplines or branches that can
explain different fields and disciplines. Here are some of the known branches of social
sciences: anthropology, communication studies, economics, education, geography,
history, law, linguistics, political science, psychology, and sociology.
TASK NO. 2. MY REFLECTIVE THINKING.
The following are the salient points of the different branches of social sciences:
DIRECTIONS: Your task is to identify the importance of nature and functions of Social
BRANCHES OF DESCRIPTIONS Science disciplines and natural sciences in real-life situations. You can use the text
SOCIAL SCIENCES you read a while ago in answering this task. Give at least 5 importance for each
discipline and explain. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
Anthropology It comes from the two Greek wo which
, which means the study of. A. Social Sciences
It is the holistic "science of man", a science of the
totality of human existence. IMPORTANCE OF NATURE EXAMPLE OF REAL-LIFE
The discipline deals with the integration of different AND FUNCTIONS OF APPLICATION
aspects of the social sciences, humanities, SOCIAL SCIENCES
and human biology.
1.
The one who studies the human existence is called an
Anthropologist. 2.
Communication It deals with practices of human communication,
Studies commonly defined as the sharing of symbols to 3.
create meaning.
4.
The discipline encompasses a range of topics, from
face-to-face conversation to mass media outlets such 5.
as television broadcasting.

7 16
Earth Science It is the study of how the natural environment
(ecosphere or Earth system) works and how it evolved
to its current state.
It includes the study of the atmosphere, hydrosphere,
lithosphere, and biosphere.
Physics It is the study of matter and motion through space and
time, along with related concepts such as energy and
force.
Moreover, it is the general analysis of nature,
conducted to understand how the universe behaves.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_science
Communication studies also examine how messages
are interpreted through the political, cultural,
economic, and social dimensions of their contexts.
It is also known as "speech communication",
"rhetorical studies", "communication science", "media
studies", "communication arts", "mass
communication", "media ecology", and
"communication and media science".
Economics It comes from the two Greek words oikos, which
means "family, household, estate," and nomos,
which means "custom, the law," and hence, it means
"household management" or "management of the
state."
It is a social science that seeks to analyze and
describe the production, distribution, and consumption
of wealth.
The one who studies household management is called
an Economist.

TASK NO. 1. DATA RETRIEVAL CHART. Education educare, means

to facilitate the realization of an
DIRECTIONS: Your task is to discuss the nature and functions of social sciences and
individual's potential and talents.
natural sciences. You can use the text you read a while ago in answering this task.
Education includes teaching and learning specific
Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
skills, as well as the less tangible but more insightful
A. Nature and Functions of Social Sciences Disciplines and Natural Sciences development of imparting of knowledge, positive
judgment, and well-developed wisdom.
ACADEMIC NATURE AND BRANCHES Education, in one of its fundamental aspects, include
DISCIPLINES FUNCTIONS the imparting of culture through the generations.
1. Social Teachers and educators are what are called to those
Sciences taking up and doing the teaching and learning
process.
2. Natural Geography It , ing
Sciences earth or land, , ing
, ing
It is the science that deals with the description,
distribution, and interaction of the diverse physical,
B. Nature and Functions of different branches of Social Sciences and Natural
biological, and cultural features of
Sciences
The one who studies the earth's surface is called a
Geographer.
BRANCHES OF SOCIAL NATURE AND FUNCTIONS
SCIENCES History ,
1. means the study of the past and significant events.
2. It is also defined as a continuous, systematic
3. narrative and research into past human events as

15 8
 interpreted through historiographical paradigms or
theories.
The one who studies history is called a historian.
Law/Jurisprudence It is the science or philosophy of law.
It is defined as th
concept" to achieve justice, as an "authority" to
mediate people's interests, and even as "the
command of a sovereign, backed by the threat of a
sanction."
Laws are political because politicians are the ones
who created it.
Studying laws and other political concepts is called a
Political Scientist; however, to become a Lawyer, you
must pass the test called the BAR exam.
Linguistics
It is the scientific study of language.
It involves the analysis of language form,
language meaning, and language in context.
Linguists are the term used to call people who know
and can speak any language.
Linguists study human speech, including units,
nature, structure, and modification of language.
Linguistics investigates the cognitive and social
aspects of human language.
Political Science polis, which
- , which means study
of Therefore, is the study of state affairs.
It is an academic and research discipline that deals
with the theory and practice of politics and the
description and analysis of political systems and
political behavior.
Political science also studies power in international
relations and the theory of great
powers and superpowers.
The one who studies state affairs is called a Political
Scientist.
Psychology , which means
and logos, which means "study."
It is an academic and applied field involving the study
of behavior and mental processes.
Psychology also refers to the application of such
knowledge to various spheres of human activity,
9 14
A person studying anatomy is called an Anatomist.
Biology , which
, which means study.
It is a branch of natural science which deals with the
study of living organisms, including behavior and
development.
A person studying biology is called a biologist.
Botany It comes , which means
pasture, grass, or plant.
It is a branch of natural science which deals with the
study of different species of plants.
Aerson studying plants is called a Botanist.
Genetics It is a branch of natural science which deals with the
study concerning genes, genetic variation, and
hereditary of organisms.
It also includes how human traits are passed from
parents to offspring through the genetic units called
genes.
Zoology It comes , which
, which means knowledge
or study.
It is a branch of natural science that deals with the
study of animal kingdom, structure, evolution,
classification, and distribution of animals and how they
interact with their ecosystems.
A person studying zoology is called a zoologist.
BRANCHES OF DESCRIPTIONS
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Astronomy It is the study of celestial objects (such as stars,
galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, and
nebulae), physics, chemistry, and evolution of such
objects,12
and phenomena that originate outside the
atmosphere of Earth, including supernovae
explosions, gamma-ray bursts, and cosmic
microwave background radiation.
Chemistry It is the study of the composition, structure, properties,
and changes of matter.
 Modern Natural Science The natural science prospers and further including problems of individuals' daily lives and the
develops in this period. Inventions, treatment of mental illness.
(1900-present) discoveries, and experimentations are The one who studies human behavior and mental
used for the betterment of man, society,
processes are called a Psychologist.
and environment.
New branches of natural science were Sociology , ich is from the
created, including mechanics, ,
electrodynamics, and thermodynamics. , which
Today, natural sciences are commonly Sociology is the systematic study of society,
divided into life sciences, such as botany individuals' relationship to their societies, the
and zoology, and physical sciences, consequences of difference, and other aspects of
which include physics, chemistry,
human social action.
astronomy, and Earth sciences. ;
The one who studies the society is called a
Sociologist.

B. Branches Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_science

Natural Science is divided into two (2)

major branches, which are the Life LESSON 2 - NATURE AND FUNCTION OF SOCIAL SCIENCES WITH THE
Sciences (Biological Sciences) and NATURAL SCIENCES
Physical Sciences. Life science is a
branch of science that deals with the A. General Concepts and Historical Background
scientific study of life and organisms, such
Since the beginning, humans have
as microorganisms, plants, animals, and
always been curious about what is
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Herd_of_Elephants.
human beings. Some of the primary sub-
happening in themselves and their
jpg
branches of it are anatomy, biology, botany,
environment. Many theories and laws
genetics, and zoology. On the other
explain the different phenomena and
hand, Physical science is a branch of natural
changes in our bodies, environment,
science that deals with the study of non-living
society, and the world. Early people
systems. Some of the primary sub-branches
sought to explain these phenomena
of it are Astronomy, Chemistry, Earth Science,
through mythology. The advancement of
and Physics.
science and technology has proven to
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_of_fire_by_early_humans#/media/File:Dio
rama,_cavemen_-_National_Museum_of_Mongolian_History.jpg examine the natural causation of things
and thus has debunked numerous superstitions and mythical beliefs. However, not all
people are informed, and some still believe
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_science#/media/File:Moon_Ded
al_crater.jpg in the unseen as the clash between
scientific, mythological, and religious
The following are the salient points of the different branches of natural sciences:
views are going on.
BRANCHES OF DESCRIPTIONS Natural Science and Social Science
LIFE SCIENCE are related and integrated into one another
and work hand in hand in explaining the
Anatomy It comes
concurrent and existing theories and
dissection. I a branch of natural science which deals
changes happening in humans, the
with the structural organization of living things such as
environment, society, and the world as a
plants, animals, humans, and other organisms.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitruvian_Man#/media/File:Da_Vinci_Vitruve_Luc
_Viatour.jpg
13 10
whole. Because man, environment, humanities, and society cannot be studied using
one discipline of science alone, their collaboration makes the understanding of the
man and the world relevant and complete.
To analyze how natural science developed through time, let us take a glance at its
historical background. It is divided into six (6) periods: ancient times, Aristotelian
natural philosophy, medieval natural philosophy, Newton and the scientific revolution,
19th-century developments, and modern natural science.
The following are brief discussion and salient points on the historical background
of natural science as an academic discipline:
PERIODS DESCRIPTIONS
Ancient Times This is the period where the Ancient
Mesopotamia, Egypt, Indus, and China
(3500-3000 BCE) believed that happenings in the world
and to humans are a product of
mythological and religious revelations.
Scholars trace that this period where
understanding the natural world was
necessary for survival. Humans
developed observation and curiosity
about the behavior of animals and the
usefulness of plants as a source of food
and medicine.
Aristotelian Natural Philosophy This is the period where Aristotle gave
much attention to the physical and
(400 BCE-1100 CE) natural world. He was a pioneer and
became known as the Father of Biology.
Some of his works were about
astronomy, meteorology, zoology, and
physics.
His works were used as references
during the Ancient Romans, the
Byzantine Empire, and Abbasid
Caliphates.
His principle served as an inspiration to
Galileo Galilei during Scientific
Revolution.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_science#/media/File:Sa
nzio_01_Plato_Aristotle.jpg
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Medieval Natural Philosophy
(1100-1600 CE)
Newton and the Scientific
Revolution (1600-1800 CE)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_science#/media/File:Sir
_Isaac_Newton_(1643-1727).jpg
19th-century
(1800-1900 CE)
This is the period where the Catholic
Church become a dominant monopoly of
knowledge with regards to natural
philosophy. Theologians opposed
natural science because they considered
it as heresy.
During the Middle Ages, those who study
and experiment on natural science were
considered performers of magic and
members of the occult.
Later on, theologians like Thomas
Aquinas and Albertus Magnus have seen
natural philosophy as a theological
perspective that can be used in church
dogma and scriptures.
This is the period where some of the
Aristotelian natural philosophy debunk
and the rise of protestant reformation
begun to start conducted a scientific
inquiry.
This was also the birth of scientific
revolution wherein more natural
philosophers gave different perspectives
and methodologies in terms of natural
science as natural philosophy.
There was the rise of the scientific
method as a new way of scientific inquiry
and investigation. Experiment and
hypotheses formulation became
essentials as new scientific-based. Logic
and mathematics became the tools to
interpret and analyze cause and effect.
Sir Isaac Newton, an English
Mathematician, and Physicist became
the most highlighted natural scientist in
this time because of his Law of
Gravitational Force and Laws of Motion.
Developments This is the period where natural
philosophy become officially named as
natural science.
Natural Science institutions emerged,
and more professionals linked to this new
field. The term scientist used to identify
persons studying natural science was
invented by William Whewell in 1834.
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