The respiratory system test questions a Which two structures does the trachea lead to in the lungs? © The bronchi © The bronchioles © The pleural membranes a What are the tiny air sacs in the lungs called? “Q Bronchioles ~O Adveoli © Capillaries a When we inhale (breathe in), what happens to the pressure in the thorax? © Itincreases It stays the same It decreases a What happens when we exhale (breathe out)? © The diaphragm contracts and moves upwards © The diaphragm relaxes and moves upwards © The diaphragm relaxes and moves downwards a Which statement about atmospheric and exhaled air is correct? © Exhaled air contains more nitrogen than atmospheric air does © Exhaled air contains more oxygen than atmospheric air does © Exhaled air contains less carbon dioxide than atmospheric air does G What happens during gas exchange in the lungs? © Oxygen passes into the blood and carbon dioxide passes out of the blood © Oxygen passes aut of the blood and carbon dioxide passes into the blood © Oxygen and carbon dioxide pass into the blood u * What happens when we inhale (breathe in)? © _ The external intercostal muscles contract and the ribcage is pulled upwards and inwards © _Theexternal intercostal muscles contract and the ribcage is pulled upwards and outwards CO _ The internal intercostal muscles contract and the ribcage is pulled upwards and outwards a Which of these is an adaptation for efficient gas exchange in the air sacs (alveoli)? O Thick walls © Few blood capillaries O Moist surface a + During exercise, what happens to breathing in humans? © The depth of breathing increases and the breathing rate increases © The breathing rate increases but not the depth of breathing ©_ The depth of breathing increases but not the breathing rate @ Tobacco smoke contains carbon monoxide. What problem does this cause? O The carbon monoxide irritates the airways, causing bronchitis © The carbon monoxide combines with haemoglobin in the red cells, reducing the ability of the blood to carry oxygen O The carbon monoxide causes luna cancerWhich statements describe the pupil reflex in bright light? oan oan ON 10 ciliary muscles contract ciliary muscles relax circular iris muscles contract circular iris muscles relax lens becomes rounder lens becomes thinner pupil constricts pupil dilates radial iris muscles contract radial iris muscles relax A 1,6and9 B 2,5 and 10 Which of the following factors does NOT to glaucoma in the eye? contribute, (A) Vitamin A deficiency (B) Heredity (C) Stroke @) Age A girl is waiting at a bus stop and is watching a bus travelling towards her. Sy ae What happens to her eyes as the bus gets closer? i \ change in change in ciliary muscle shape of lens suspensory ligaments A contracts less less rounded less tension B contracts less more rounded more tension c contracts more less rounded more tension D contracts more more rounded less tension Cc 3,7and10 D 4,8and9 ———~ dp The function of the choroid layer in the eye o isto 42, (A) focus most light rays (B) _ prevent internal reflection (C) maintain the shape of the eyeball (D) control the amount of light entering, the eye Which structures does light pass through when it is focused on the retina? cornea lens sclera A v v v B v v x c v x v D x v v key v=yes x=no b In which order does light pass through these structures in the eye? A B Cc D cornea —> aqueous humour — lens — vitreous humour — retina cornea —» vitreous humour — lens — aqueous humour - retina lens — aqueous humour - cornea -> vitreous humour > retina lens ~ vitreous humour - cornea > aqueous humour = retinaWhich statements describe the pupil reflex in bright light? Te ciliary muscles contract ciliary muscles relax circular iris muscles contract circular iris muscles relax lens becomes rounder lens becomes thinner pupil constricts pupil dilates oot Oa Fw Nn radial iris muscles contract 10 radial iris muscles relax A 1,6and9 B 2,5and10 c 3,7and10 D 4,8and9 %, The diagram shows a section through an eye. "9 Which part is the receptor for the stimulus that results in a change in the size of the pupil?