5.62 CHAPTER §~ Structural Steel
SECTION 506
‘DESIGN OF MEMBERS FOR
FLEXURE =
506.1 General Provisions
‘The design flexural strength, pM, and the allowable
flexural strength, My /Mp, shall be determined as follows:
1. Forall provisions inthis section
by = 0.90(LRFD) Q, = 1.67(ASD)
and the nominal flexural strength, My, shall be
determined according to Section 506.2 through
Section $06.12.
2. The provisions in this section are based on the
assumption that points of support for beams and
girders are restrained against rotation about their
longitudinal axis.
‘The following terms are common to the equations in this
section except where noted:
Cy = laterab-torsional buckling _ modification
factor for nonuniform moment diagrams
when both ends of the unsupported segment
are braced
_ 12.5M imax k
~ 2.5Mnax + 3Mq+4Mp+ 3M, ™
<3.0
Cy
(506.1-1)
where:
Mmmax ~ absolute value of maximum moment in
the unbraced segment, N-mm
My = absolute value of moment at quarter point
of the unbraced segment, N-mm
Mp absolute value of moment at centerline
‘ofthe unbraced segment, N-nm
Mc = absolute value of moment at three-
‘quarter point of the unbraced segment,
Nemm
Rm cross-seotion monosymmetry parameter
1.0, doubly symmetric members
1.0, singly symmetric members
subjected to single curvature bending
In singly symmetric members subjected to reverse
curvature bending, the lateral-torsional buckling
strength shall be ‘checked for both flanges. The
available flexural strength shall be greater than or equal
to the maximum required moment causing compression
within the flange under consideration,
Cp is permitted t0 be conservatively taken as 1.0 forall
ceases. For cantilevers or overhangs where the free end
is unbraced, Cy = 1.0.
User Note: For doubly symmetric members with no
transverse loading between brace points, Eq. 506.1-1
reduces to 2.27 for the case of equal end moments of
‘opposite sign and to 1.67 when one end moment equals,
zero.
‘Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. (ASE)CHAPTER 5~ Structural Steel 5-63,
‘Table 506.1.1 Selection Table for the Application of Section $06 Sections
Section in Section
506.5 F T C,NC,S Ss Y, LTB, FLB, TFY
506.6 tea titeet C.NC,S NIA Y, FLB
506.10 NIA NIA YY, LTB, LLB
= el =i =) ipa
Tateral-torsional buckling, FLB = flange local buckling, WLB = web local buckling, TFY = tension
flange yielding, LLB = leg local buckling, LB = local buckling, C = compact, NC= noncompact, S = slender
i leg a
‘Association of Structural Enginoers of the Philippines, Inc. (ASEP)5.64 CHAPTER 5 ~ Structural Stee!
506.2 Doubly Symmetric Compact I-Shaped Members
and Channels Bent about their Major A
“This section applies to doubly symmetric I-shaped members
‘and channels bent about their major axis, having compact
‘vebs and compact flanges as defined in Section 502.4.
‘The nominal flexural strength, Mp, shall be the lower
value obtained according to the limit states of yielding
(plastic moment) and lateral-torsional buckling,
06.2.1. Yielding
My = M, Zz (506.2-1)
where
F, = specified minimum yield stress of the type of
steel being used, MPa
Zz = plastic section modulus about the x-axis, sum?
5062.2 Lateral-Torsional Buckling
1 When Ly Sp the, imitate of lateral
buckling does not apply.
2, When Ly < Ly Shr
My = Co|Mp— (Mp ~ 9.7F Sz) (2) by
My = FerSeSMp (5062-3)
where
‘Ly Length between points that are either braced
against lateral displacement of compression
flange or braced against twist of the cross
section, mm
ze
Cont [1+ 0.078
Fer
(506.2-4)
@
E = modulus of elasticity of ster! = 200,000 MPa
torsional constant, mm*
clastic section modulus taken about the x-axis,
mm?
User Note: The square root term in Eq. $06.2-4 may be
‘conservatively taken equal to 1.0.
‘The limiting lengths bp and Ly ate determined as follows:
E
1 frre E59)
(506.2-5)
(6062-6)
where
Moma
and
Fora doubly symmetric F-shape: € = 4 (5062-88)
hy |;
For a channel: = be (506.2-8b)
°= 2 |ey 7
where
hig. = distance between the flange centroids, mm
User Note: If the square root term in Eq. 5062-4 is
conservatively taken equal to 1, Eq. 506.2-6 becomes:
Lear |e
‘Note that this approximation can be extremely
conservative.
For doubly symmetric I-shapes with rectangular flanges,
yh
Gq = Hep td ths Ba, 5062-7 becomes
Iyho
Th= 325,
rea may be approximated accurately and conservatively a3
the radius of gyration ofthe compression flanges plus one-
‘Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc, (ASEP)506.3 Doubly Symmetric I-Shaped Members with
‘Compact Webs and Noncompact or Slender
Flanges Bent about their Major A.
This section applies to doubly symmetric I- shaped members
bent about their major axis having compact webs and
noncompact or slender flanges as defined in Section 502.4,
‘The nominal flexural strength, My, shall be the lower value
obtained according to the limit states of lateral-torsional
buckling and compression flange local buckling.
5063.1 Lateral-Torsional Buckling
For lateral-torsional buckling, the provisions of Seetion
'506.2.2 shall apply.
5063.2 Compression Flange Local Buekling
1, For sections with noncompact flanges
0.785.) (#2)
Mn = [Mp ~ (Mp
dey doy
(5063-1)
2. For sections with slender flanges
O.9EKS, (5063.2)
In =a
where
by
2ty
pf = Ap isthe limiting slenderness fora compact
flange, Table $02.4.1 and Table 02.4.2
Ag = Ay isthe limiting slenderness fora
soncompast Hangs, Table $024. and Table 802.42
and shall not be taken less than
Jhjty
0.35 nor greater than 0.76 for calculation purposes.
Ke
5064 Other I-Shaped Members with Compact or
Noncompact Webs Bent about their Major Axis
‘This section applies to: (a) doubly symmetric [- shaped
‘members bent about their major axis with noncompact webs;
and (b) singly symmetric T-shaped members with webs
attached to the mid-width of the flanges, bent about their
‘major axis, with compact or noncompact webs, as defined
in Section 502.4
/APTER'S Structural Steel 5.65
User Note: T-shaped members for which this section is
applicable may be designed conservatively using Section
506.5.
‘The nominal Mexural strength, My, shall be the lowest value
obtained according to the limit states of compression flange
yielding, Iatera-torsional buckling, compression Nlange local
buckling and tension flange yielding
06.4.1 Compression Flange Yielding
My = RycMye = RycF Sze (506.4-1)
506.4.2 Lateral-Torsional Buckling
1. When Ly 0.7
(5064-68)
For
(506.4-6b)
National Structural Code of the Philippines Volume I, 7th Edition, 20155.66 CHAPTER 5 - Structural Stee!
The limiting laterally unbraced length for the limit state of |
yielding, Lp, is
E
Ar,
‘The limiting unbraced length for the limit state of inelastic
lateral-torsional buckling, by, is
(7
won
‘The web plastifi
follows:
(5064-7)
(5064-8)
ation factor, Rpe, is determined as
(5064-90)
A=Ayy \] Mp
CHE) sm:
(506.4-9b)
Z,Fy $1.65 ycFy
clastic section modulus referred to tension and
compression flanges, respectively, mm*
by
Apw = Apy the limiting slendemess for a compact web,
see Tables $02.4.land 5024.2
Ary = Ap the limiting slenderess for a noncompact
web, soe Tables 502.4. and $02.4.2
The effective radius of gyration for lateral-torsional
buckling, 7, is determined as follows:
1. Forkshapes wih rectangular compression Mang:
a
m= fs
hit (8064-10)
2+ sera)
where
het
rap (506.4-11)
bye ~ compression flange width, mm
tye ~ compression flange thickne
2. For F-shapes with channel caps or cover plates
attached fo the compression flange:
ry = madius of gyration of the flange components in
flexural compression plus one-third of the web area
iv compression duc t0 application of major axis
bending moment alone, mm
dy = the ratio of two times the web area in compression
due to application of major axis bending moment
alone to the area of the compression flange
components
User Note: For I-shapes with a rectangular compression
Mange, Te may be approximated accurately and
eapeyetc ony neat spate
compression flange plus one-third of the compression
Portion of the web; in other words,
pe
n=
5064.3 Compression Flange Local Buckling
1. For sections with: compact flanges, the limit state of
local buckling does not apply.
2. For sections with noncompact flanges
and,
re U Nar Aon
(5064-12)
3. For sections with slender Manges
O.9EK Sze
pe (5064-13)
F,, = defined in Eqs. $06.4-6a and 506.4-6b
Rye = the web plastifcaion factor, determined by
Eqs. 506.49
ke = 4
Jh7ty
10.35 ‘nor greater than 0.76 for calculation
purposes
and shall not be taken less than
Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. (ASEP)(bye/2tye)
App = Ap the limiting slendemess for a compact flange,
‘Tables 502.4,1 and 502.4.2
Ary = Ay the limiting slenderness fora noncompact
flange, Tables 502.4.1 and 502.4.2
06.4.4 Tension Flange Yielding
1. When Sg 2 Sye the limit state of tension flange
yielding does not apply.
2. When Sur
506.7.3. Web Local Buckling
1. For compact sections, the limit state of web local
‘buckling does not apply.
2. Forsections with noncompact webs
h
1 ~ (My ~ FyS,) (osest Aa ora)