TOURISM MARKETING

Part 1: EXPLORING IDEAS

Discuss the picture

below with a partner.
What brochure is it?
What information
described in this
brochure? Does this
brochure provide
complete information
about this tourism
object?

Part 2: ORGANIZATION

A paragraph has 3 main parts. The first part is the topic sentence. It tells the topic or
main idea of the paragraph. The second part is supporting sentences. The supporting
sentences develop the topic. That means that they explain or prove the topic sentence. Some
paragraphs have a concluding sentence. The concluding sentence summarizes the paragraph
and adds a final comment.
 An English paragraph is like a sandwich. The topic and concluding sentences are the
top and bottom pieces of bread, and the supporting sentences are the filling. The bread holds
the sandwich together, and the supporting sentences are the meat and cheese

When you write a paragraph, you first tell your reader in the topic sentence that you
are going to say. Then you say it in the supporting sentences. Finally, you tell them what
you said in the concluding sentence. Clear academic writing in English requires all of these
parts (Hogue, Ann, 1996, First Steps in academic Writing).

Model Paragraph

People travel for many reasons. Some guests go to places on business. They are
business travellers. They go to conferences or meetings. Business travellers are very busy
during their trip. Other people travel for leisure. They are holiday makers or vacationers.
During their holiday, they like to relax. They also like to see new places. Sometimes people
travel to celebrate. For example, some couples travel after they get married. This kind of trip
is called a honeymoon. There may be other reasons that people travel.

Questions about the model paragraph

1. Which sentence is the topic sentence? What information does it give?

2. How many supporting sentences are there?
3. Does this paragraph have a concluding sentence?

Topic Sentence
The most important sentence in a paragraph is the topic sentence. It is called the
topic sentence because it tells the reader what the topic of the paragraph is. In other words, it
tells the reader what he or she is going to read. The topic sentence is usually the first
sentence in a paragraph.
A topic sentence has two parts: a topic and a controlling idea. The topic part names
the topic; it tells what the paragraph is about. The controlling idea part limits what the
paragraph will say about the topic. It tells the reader: This paragraph will only discuss these
things about this topic.

Violence in American society has several causes

 Topic controlling idea

Practice11
a. Work with a partner. Circle the topic and underline the controlling ideain the topic
sentence below
Example:
Hawaii is famous for its surfing beaches

1. The internet is supposed to make everyone a travel agent.

2. There is a bad news for travellers in Glacier Falls.
3. Roadshows are very important events in the business world.
4. Air travel is one of the safest ways to get around.
5. Another option for travellers on a budget is the local bus system.
6. There are a few supplies that you need for the tour.
7. It is important to choose a partner before the tour.
8. There are many ways to prevent sickness while abroad.
9. An airport is a confusing place.
10. People travel for many reasons.

b. Work with a partner or in a small group. Add controlling ideas to these topics to
make complete topic sentence.
Example:

Topic Controlling Idea

Foreign students often suffer culture shock.
Foreign students are used to different teaching methods.
Foreign students are interesting to have in class.

1. Foreign travel ______________________________________________ .

Foreign travel ______________________________________________ .

Foreign travel ______________________________________________ .

2. Tourism objects _____________________________________________ .

Tourism objects _____________________________________________ .

Tourism objects _____________________________________________ .

3. Travel brochures _____________________________________________ .

Travel brochures_____________________________________________ .

Travel brochures _____________________________________________ .

Supporting Sentences
The middle sentences of a paragraph are the supporting sentences. The supporting
sentences support, or “prove,” the idea in the topic sentence. Supporting sentences explain
the topic by giving more information about it.

Practice21
Work with a partner or in a small group. Read each topic sentence. Then fill in the blanks
with additional supporting sentences.

1. Requested rooms may be unavailable for several reasons.

a. In some cases, the sales department oversells in order to compensate for cancellations.

b. ________________________________________________________________.

c. ________________________________________________________________.

2. An airport is a confusing place.

a. Many people fly in from other cities and they enter through the arrivals terminal.

b. ________________________________________________________________.

c. ________________________________________________________________.
d. ________________________________________________________________.

3. There are several benefits traveling by bus.

a. The first benefit is passengers can buy a boarding pass cheaply.

b. ____________________________________________________.

c. _____________________________________________________.

d. _____________________________________________________.

4. There are many ways to prevent sickness while traveling abroad.

a. First, get an immunization or vaccination.

b. _________________________________________________.

c. _________________________________________________.

5. These guidelines are for anyone traveling to a country which they are not familiar with.

a. Always try to learn a few words of the language of the country you are visiting.

b. ______________________________________________________________.

c. ______________________________________________________________.

d. ______________________________________________________________.

Concluding Sentence

Paragraphs often have a concluding sentence at the end. A concluding sentence

closes the paragraph so that the reader is not left expecting more.

Sometimes a concluding sentence reminds the reader of the main point by restating
the topic sentence in different words:
 All year round, a beach is the place to have fun.

In short, there is more than one way to be smart.

Sometimes a concluding sentence summarizes the main points briefly:

If you want a quiet and economical pet that doesn’t cause any trouble, visit your
nearest goldfish store.

In brief, nursing is a profession for people who are caring, organized, calm,
strong, and smart.

Sometimes writers end a paragraph by making personal comment:

With this information, I will never again feel stupid in my Math class.

I never thought I would like cats, but our cat, Gilbert, has made me change my
mind.

(Ann Hogue, 1996, First Steps in Academic Writing)

Practice 31
Work with a partner. Write the concluding sentences for paragraphs based on the topic
sentences in the practice 1 a.

Part 3: SENTENCE STRUCTURE

Compound Sentence

A compound sentence is one kind of sentence that will make writings seem more
sophisticated and mature. A compound sentence is two simple sentences connected by a
comma and a coordinating conjunction. The following is the formula for a compound
sentence (Hogue, Ann, 1996, First Steps in Academic Writing).
 Simple sentence, coordinating conjunction, simple sentence

Coordinating Conjunction
A coordinating conjunction is a type of connecting word. There are seven coordinating
conjunctions in English. In this unit, you will practice four of them: and, but, or and so.

Coordinating Conjunctions Compound Sentence

And joins sentences that are alike. I go to travel fairs abroad, and I visit travel
agencies.

But joins sentences that are opposite or show Your client has booked a small room, but you
contrast. think it is not big enough.

So joins sentences when the second sentence Representatives need to travel between hotels, so
expresses the result of something described they need to have a driving license.
in the first sentence.

Or joins sentences that give choices or To buy some art the tourists can visit the art
alternatives. galleries, or they can take a walk through the
Ernest Hemingway House.
(Oshima, Alice and Ann Hogue, 2007,
Introduction to Academic Writing)

Use a comma before a coordinating conjunction in compound sentences only. Do not use a
comma to join two words or two phrases in a simple sentence.

Compound sentences
1. They go to local schools, and they give speeches on promoting an environmental
awareness.
2. Traveling is a great pleasure, but it can be spoiled if you are unwell.
3. Tourist Information Centres in the city is not accessible, or it is not well presented.

Simple sentences
1. They go to local schools and give speeches on promoting an environmental awareness.
2. Traveling is a great pleasure but can be spoiled if you are unwell.
3. Tourist Information Centres in the city is not accessible or is not well presented.

Practice41
Decide which of the following sentences compound sentences are and which are simple
sentences. Then add commas to the compound sentences.

1. Dublin has excellent online information for tourists and good multimedia facilities.
2. The online tourist office was very attractive and it has useful information.
3. The features are not only useful for the visitor but it is also excellent ways of promoting a
destination.
4. The temple is a good place to feel the religious atmosphere.
5. They represent the tour operator and they aim to ensure the success of the holidays.
6. Modern malls can be found all over the city or you can look for antiques at Hollywood
road.
7. The online Tourist Office is visually very attractive.
8. They provide accommodation and entertainment for up to 150 tourists per night.
9. One of the best places to go is the Luk Yu Tea House.
10. Tho Ha is famous for pottery but now it has started to produce wine.
11. The promotional DVD can be watched when the tourist is deciding where to go.
12. The Hotel accepts all disabled guests.
13. The old trade village is famous for its silk cloth.
14. There are a limited number of spaces at the hotel.
15. Modern shopping malls are all over the city.

Practice51
a. Make a compound sentence or a simple sentence with two verbs for each set of sentences.
Use the coordinating conjunction and, but, or, or so to join the sentences. Punctuate
carefully.

1. TIC workers should have a good telephone manner. They should have good written
skills.
2. Our driver will pick you up. He brings you to the hotel.
3. People associate the word brand with car, clothes or drinks. National tourism
authorities try to promote a brand image for their own country.
4. You can call a cab from the airport. You can ask the front desk to arrange for a taxi.
5. There was no hot water in the shower. I had to take cold shower.
6. My wife noticed that her plate was dirty. The waiter replaced it with a clean one.
7. English uses sound symbols. Chinese uses idea symbols.
8. There are several hundred languages in the world. Not all of them have a written
form.

b. Write compound sentences using the coordinating conjunctions. Follow the directions
given.

1. Write a sentence that tells one place you like to visit and one place you don’t like to
visit in your next vacation.
2. Write a sentence that tells two problems you might face in the airport.
3. Write a sentence that tells two activities a hotel guest do in a hotel.
4. Write a sentence that tells two different careers you might have in tourism industry.
5. Write a sentence that tells two services a business traveller need from a hotel.
c. Write compound sentences of your own. Use each of this coordinating conjunction once:
and, but, or, and so.

1. A tourism brochure _______________________________________.

2. Travel packages __________________________________________.

3. Online reservation ________________________________________.

4. A detailed itinerary _______________________________________.

Practice 61
Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to
be correct.

1. Millions of travellers go on trips, so they do not have the trips of their dreams.
(A) (B) (C) (D)

2. The embassy provides advice, but the representatives give help for travellers who lose
(A) (B) (C)
their passports.
(D)

3. Email me if you have questions, and you need additional information.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

4. Some people get hungry at the airport, or they eat at the food court.
(A) (B) (C) (D)

5. Visitors can build tents, but they stay in lakeside cabins.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Practice 71
a. Analyse each sentence in the following paragraphs. Underline the subjects with one line
and the verbs with two lines.
b. Decide which of the following sentences compound sentences are and which simple
sentences are.

Choosing A Restaurant
 Most cities have hundreds of restaurants, so travellers have many options. Fast food
restaurants are good for people who don’t have a lot of time. These restaurants make your
food very quickly and some even have drive-through service. A family restaurant usually has
table service. Here the wait staff takes your order and brings your food to you. A steakhouse
is another type of restaurant. It offers many cuts of meat. Restaurants serve different types
of cuisines. For example, Indian cuisine has a lot of vegetarian dishes. Before you choose a
restaurant, look at a guide that contains ratings. A restaurant with better food and service
receive more stars.

Assignment
Work in groups of three. Think of the festivals from your country. Write a description of
them