ARC704 (20192020) (Lecture Notes) (01) (All) (29jul2021) (Issued) - 221205 - 113240

ARC704: ARCH. BUILDING SYSTEMS II: 2019/2020: 2ND SEM.
Page 1 of 54
ARC704
LECTURE
NOTES
\
2nd Semester 2019/2020
COURSE TITLE: ARCHITECTURAL BUILDING SYSTEMS II

CREDIT UNITS: 2 (TWO)
DATE: 29th JUNE, 2021

REF: 704/2021/REV/00
LECTURER
I. SULEIMAN
LECTURER: I. SULEIMAN
ARC704: ARCH. BUILDING SYSTEMS II: 2019/2020: 2ND SEM. Page 2 of 54
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MODDIBO ADAMA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY YOLA
SECOND SEMESTER 2019/2020 SESSION
LEVEL: 700
COURSE CODE: ARC703
COURSE TITLE: ARCHITECTURAL BUILDING SYSTEMS II
CREDIT UNITS: TWO (2)
COURSE OUTLINE
GENERAL
CONTENT OF ARCHITECTURAL BUILDING SYSTEMS
COURSEWORK: The Architectural Building Systems Courses of the M. Tech
Architecture curricula are grounded on the following:
1.1. Construction Studies Background: vis students familiarity with the
principles of building construction, the components, methods and
materials of buildings, envelopes, finishes, services etc. and the basic
concepts and practices in architectural construction detailing;
1.2. Representational Competence: vis students understanding of
principles and practices of architectural construction drawings in terms
of guided and freehand linework and annotation, working drawings and
essential CADD and related media of representation and description;
1.3. Philosophy and Complexity: vis contemporary professional and
academic requirements and the expectations of students grounding
around conceptual and operational philosophy for architectural studies.
Also the advantages of advanced building construction studies
structured around Systems Methods and relevance to architectural
construction description, and analysis and primers for domain specific
and/or interdisciplinary research and development.
COURSE OUTLINE (GIVEN)

“False ceiling of asbestos sheets. Soft Boards. Plaster of Paris etc. in timber or
steel or aluminum frame work. Details of lighting and Air- conditioning grip
panels concealed lighting. Interior Design and detailing of decorative wall finishes
and treatment using material like marble, wood laminates PVC, rubber, plastics,
vitreous tiles etc., for temporary and permanent structures. Furniture/; built-in-
furniture design for wardrobes in bedroom. Bookshelves for libraries, show
windows in metals and other material form shops. Board room furniture design,
bar counters, Bank counters etc. Use of pre-casting in large span construction and
weather proofing materials, modular coordination and its adoptability,
prefabrication and its possibilities in international context. Systems of
prefabrication and use of different materials.”
COURSE OUTLINE (DECOMPOSED: STEP 1):

1. “False ceiling of asbestos sheets, Soft Boards. Plaster of Paris etc. in timber or
steel or aluminum frame work.
2. Details of lighting and Air-conditioning grip panels concealed lighting.
3. Interior Design and detailing of decorative wall finishes and treatment using
material like marble, wood laminates PVC, rubber, plastics, vitreous tiles etc,
for temporary and permanent structures. Furniture/; built-in-furniture design
for wardrobes in bedroom.
4. Bookshelves for libraries, show windows in metals and other material form
shops. Board room furniture design, bar counters, Bank counters etc. Use of
pre-casting in large span construction and weather proofing materials,
modular coordination and its adoptability,
5. Prefabrication and its possibilities in international context. Systems of
prefabrication and use of different materials.”
COURSE OUTLINE (DEVELOPED: STEP 1):
1. INTERIOR ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN AND DETAILING:

1.1. Definitions;
1.2. General Concepts;
1.3. Design Process;
1.4. Elements of Interior Architectural Detailing;
2. FLOOR FINISHES:
2.1. Integral Finishes
2.2. Applied Finishes
3. SUSPENDED CEILINGS (IN VARIOUS FRAMES):
3.1. Plaster
3.2. Timber
3.3. Metals
3.3.1. Aluminum.
3.3.2. Steel
3.3.3. Composite
3.4. Soffit Boards
3.5. Bulkheads
4. CEILING LIGHTING
4.1. Surface Lighting Panels
4.2. Partially Recessed Lighting Panels
4.3. Fully Recessed
4.4. HVAC Panels and Grilles
4.5. PABX Panels.
5. WALL AND FEATURE LIGHTING
5.1. Uplighters
5.2. Downlighters
5.3. Spotlights
5.4. Light Coves
5.5. Striplights
5.6. Neonlights
5.7. Sign and Emergency Lighting
6. DECORATIVE WALL FINISHES AND TREATMENT:

6.1. Paints and Impregnation
6.2. Plasters
6.2.1. Boards
6.2.2. Cement
6.3. Natural Stone
6.3.1. Marble
6.3.2. Granite
6.3.3. Other Stones
6.3.4. Artificial Stones
6.4. Timber Panels
6.4.1. Natural Timbers
6.4.2. Veneered Wood
6.4.3. Laminates
6.5. Blockboard
6.6. PVC , Plastics
6.7. Rubber, Vitreous Tiles etc.,
6.8. Fabric and Wallpaper
7. BOOKSHELVES
7.1. Residential buildings
7.2. Libraries
7.3. Offices
8. SHOWROOMS AND SHOPS WINDOWS:
8.1. Metals
8.2. Other materials.
9. COUNTERS
9.1. Banks and Other Institutional Buildings etc.
9.2. Recreational Facilities
9.3. Commercial Buildings
9.3.1. Restaurant Bars etc.
9.4. Utilitarian Buildings
10. FURNITURE:
10.1. Built-in-furniture
10.1.1. Residential Buildings
10.1.1.1. Wardrobes in bedrooms
10.1.2. Offices
10.1.2.1. Board Room furniture,
10.1.2.2. Carrels
11. STAIRCASE AND ELEVATOR FINISHES

11.1. Treads and Risers
11.2. Balusters and Handrails
11.3. Lift interiors
12. DOOR MATERIALS AND FINISHES
12.1. Timber
12.1.1. Natural
12.1.2. Veneers
12.1.3. Paints
13. BATHROOM DETAILS
13.1. Vanity Units
13.2. Cupboards
13.3. Ducts, Access Panels
13.4. Floor Drains
LECTURER
I. SULEIMAN
ADOPTED AUTHORITIES & REFERENCES
Boyne, C. and Wright, L. (1982): Best of Architects Working Details (Volume

2: Internal), The Architectural Press, London, Blackwell Science.
Merritt, F. S., Ricketts J. T. (2001): Building Design and Construction

Handbook, Sixth Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Suleiman, I. K. (2018): ARC704 Lecture Notes, Department of Architecture

MAUTECH, Yola.
Other relevant publications
SYSTEMS
THEORY
SYSTEMS DESIGN AND ANALYSIS

DEFINITION
A System: is an assemblage formed to satisfy specific objectives and
subject to constraints and restrictions and consisting of two or more
components that are interrelated, each component being essential to the
required performance of the system.
Systems Analysis: a group of components of a system may also be a
system. Such a group is called a subsystem. It, too, may be designed as a
system, but its goal must be to assist the system of which it is a component
to meet its objectives. Similarly, a group of components of a subsystem
may also be a system. That group is called a sub-subsystem.
Terminology: for brevity, the major subsystems of a building can be
referred to as systems.
Complex system: a system, such as a building, in which subsystems and
other components may be combined in a variety of ways to form
different systems.
For the purposes of building design, the major systems are usually defined
in accordance with the construction trades that will assemble them, for
example, structural framing, plumbing, electrical systems, and heating,
ventilation, and air conditioning.
BUILDINGS AS SYSTEMS
A building has the basic characteristics of a system, and systems-
design procedures should be applicable to it.
A building meets the following requirements of a system.

1. By definition, it is an assemblage.
2. It is constructed to serve specific purposes.
3. It is subject to constraints while doing so, in as much as designers can
control properties of the system by selection of components.
4. Building components, such as walls, floors, roofs, windows, and doors,
are interrelated and compatible with each other. The existence of any of
these components affects to some extent the performance of the others.
And the required performance of the building as a whole imposes
restrictions on the components.
MAJOR ARCHITECTURAL/BUILDING
SUBSYSTEMS
These generally include:
1. Structural Framing and Foundations,

2. Enclosure Systems,
3. Plumbing,
4. Lighting,
5. Acoustics,
6. Safety Systems,
7. Vertical-Circulation Elements,
8. Electric Power and Signal Systems, and Heating, Ventilation, Air-
Conditioning (HVAC).
PROCEDURE FOR SYSTEMS ANALYSIS

Systems design comprises a logical series of steps that leads to the best
decision for a given set of conditions. The procedure requires:
1. Analysis of a building as a system.
2. Synthesis or selection of components, to form a system that meets
specific objectives while subject to constraints, or variables controllable
by designers.
3. Appraisal of system performance, including comparisons with alternative
systems.
4. Feedback to analysis and synthesis of information obtained in system
evaluation, to improve the design.
The method proposed by systems theory is to model complex entities

created by the multiple interaction of components by abstracting from
certain details of structure and component, and concentrating on the
dynamics that define the characteristic functions, properties, and
relationships that are internal or external to the system.
ARCHITECTURAL
BUILDINGS SYSTEMS:
DESCRIPTION AND
ANALYSIS
ARCHITECTURAL BUILDINGS SYSTEMS

DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS
Architectural/building systems description and analysis could be
structured around:
Articulation: in terms of:

1. Definition(s)(of varying levels of explication, complexity and scope);
2. Function/Utility (basic system characteristics);
3. Assembly and Components (nomenclature and subsystems are
determined).
4. General Arrangement for Architectural Applications (a given system is
delimited in terms of specific parameters).
Description and Investigation: to determine:
1. The nature of the system;
2. Interaction(s) of the system;
3. The performance of the system as a whole.
Researchability Analysis: in terms of problematization and answering
such questions as):
1. What each component (or subsystem) does?;
2. What the component does it to?;
3. How the component serve its function?;
4. What else the component does?;
5. Why the component does the things it does?;
6. What the component must really do?;
7. The possibility of elimination of a component because it is not
essential or because another component can assume its tasks?
(Operations Research).
INTERIOR ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN AND

DETAILING SYSTEMS:
Architectural/building subsystems of current interest are:
1. STAIRCASES:
2. CEILINGS:
3. PARTITIONS:
4. FURNITURE AND FITTINGS:
5. INTERNAL DOORS:
INTERIOR
ARCHITECTURAL
DESIGN SYSTEMS/SUB-
SYSTEMS
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
INTERIOR ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN SYSTEMS &

SUB-SYSTEMS
The interior Systems And Sub-Systems are the architectural elements of
a building within the compartmentation into spaces or rooms by:
1. Horizontal dividers (floor-ceiling or roof-ceiling systems):
2. Vertical dividers (interior walls and partitions). (The term partition is
generally applied to non-load-bearing walls.):
THE “CASE STUDY” METHOD

Definitions:
1. A Case Study is a research method involving an up-close, in-depth, and
detailed examination of a subject of study (the case), as well as its
related contextual conditions. The "case" being studied may be an
individual, organization, event, or action, existing in a specific time and
place.
2. A Case study is the analyses of persons, events, decisions, periods,
projects, policies, institutions, or other systems that are studied
holistically by one or more method. The case that is the subject of the
inquiry will be an instance of a class of phenomena that provides an
analytical frame — an object — within which the study is conducted and
which the case illuminates and explicates.
SELECTED CASES:
The following cases have been selected as basis for current
coursework:
STAIRCASES:
1. Staircase, School at Newton Wycliffe. (Boyne and Wright, 1982: 8-9);
2. Balustrade, Training Center in Stockholm, Sweden. (Boyne and Wright, 1982:22 -23);
3. Spiral Staircase, Exhibition Hall at Witton, Birmingham. (Boyne and Wright, 1982:
30-31).
CEILINGS:
4. Illuminated Ceiling, Shop in Rome, Italy. (Boyne and Wright, 1982: 40-41);
5. Suspended Ceiling, Building Center, Stockholm, Sweden. (Boyne and Wright, 1982:
44-45).
PARTITIONS:
6. Partition, Shop in Rotterdam, Holland. (Boyne and Wright, 1982:68 - 69);
7. Partition, Offices in London. (Boyne and Wright, 1982:78 -79).
FURNITURE AND FITTINGS:

8. Booking Office Counter, Royal Festival Hall. (Boyne and Wright, 1982: 120-121);
9. Executive Desk, Offices in London. (Boyne and Wright, 1982:130 - 131);
10. Wall Fitment, Office in London. (Boyne and Wright, 1982:130-131).
INTERNAL DOORS:
11. Internal Door (With Glazed Panel). (p. 248);
12. Internal Fire Resisting Flush Door (With Glazed Panel). (p. 255).
STAIRCASES
1. Staircase, School at Newton Wycliffe. (Boyne and Wright, 1982: 8-9);
Photographic:
Detail Sheet:
Detail Focus:
2. Balustrade, Training Center in Stockholm, Sweden (Boyne and Wright, 1982:22-

23);
Photographic:
Detail Sheet:
Detail Focus:
3. Spiral Staircase, Exhibition Hall at Witton, Birmingham. (Boyne and

Wright, 1982: 30-31).
Photographic:
Detail Sheet:
Detail Focus:
CEILINGS
4. Illuminated Ceiling, Shop in Rome, Italy. (Boyne and Wright, 1982: 40-41);
Photographic:
Detail Sheet:
Detail Focus:
5. Suspended Ceiling, Building Center, Stockholm, Sweden. (Boyne and Wright,

1982: 44-45).
Photographic:
Detail Sheet:
Detail Focus:
PARTITIONS
6. Partition, Shop in Rotterdam, Holland. (Boyne and Wright, 1982:68 - 69);
Photographic:
Detail Sheet:
Detail focus:
7. Partition, Offices in London. (Boyne and Wright, 1982:78 -79).
Photographic:
Detail Sheet:
Detail focus:
FURNITURE AND
FITTINGS
8. Booking Office Counter, Royal Festival Hall. (Boyne and Wright, 1982: 120-121);
Photographic:
Detail Sheet:
Detail Focus:
9. Executive Desk, Offices in London. (Boyne and Wright, 1982:130 - 131);
Photographic:
Detail Sheet:
Detail Focus:
10. Wall Fitment, Office in London. (Boyne and Wright, 1982:154-155).
Photographic:
Detail Sheet:
Detail Focus:
11. Internal Door (With Glazed Panel). (p. 248);
Detail Sheet:
Detail focus:
12. Internal Fire Resisting Flush Door (With Glazed Panel). (p. 255).
Detail Sheet:
Detail Focus:

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ARC704: ARCH. BUILDING SYSTEMS II: 2019/2020: 2ND SEM.

COURSE TITLE: ARCHITECTURAL BUILDING SYSTEMS II

DATE: 29th JUNE, 2021

COURSE OUTLINE (GIVEN)

COURSE OUTLINE (DECOMPOSED: STEP 1):

COURSE OUTLINE (DEVELOPED: STEP 1):

1. INTERIOR ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN AND DETAILING:

6. DECORATIVE WALL FINISHES AND TREATMENT:

11. STAIRCASE AND ELEVATOR FINISHES

ADOPTED AUTHORITIES & REFERENCES

Boyne, C. and Wright, L. (1982): Best of Architects Working Details (Volume

Merritt, F. S., Ricketts J. T. (2001): Building Design and Construction

Suleiman, I. K. (2018): ARC704 Lecture Notes, Department of Architecture

Other relevant publications

SYSTEMS DESIGN AND ANALYSIS

A building meets the following requirements of a system.

1. Structural Framing and Foundations,

PROCEDURE FOR SYSTEMS ANALYSIS

The method proposed by systems theory is to model complex entities

ARCHITECTURAL BUILDINGS SYSTEMS

Articulation: in terms of:

INTERIOR ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN AND

INTERIOR ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN SYSTEMS &

THE “CASE STUDY” METHOD

FURNITURE AND FITTINGS:

1. Staircase, School at Newton Wycliffe. (Boyne and Wright, 1982: 8-9);

2. Balustrade, Training Center in Stockholm, Sweden (Boyne and Wright, 1982:22-

3. Spiral Staircase, Exhibition Hall at Witton, Birmingham. (Boyne and

5. Suspended Ceiling, Building Center, Stockholm, Sweden. (Boyne and Wright,

6. Partition, Shop in Rotterdam, Holland. (Boyne and Wright, 1982:68 - 69);

7. Partition, Offices in London. (Boyne and Wright, 1982:78 -79).

9. Executive Desk, Offices in London. (Boyne and Wright, 1982:130 - 131);

10. Wall Fitment, Office in London. (Boyne and Wright, 1982:154-155).

11. Internal Door (With Glazed Panel). (p. 248);

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