Subject Code Mathematics 4

Module Code 7.0 (Triangle Similarity)

Lesson Code 7.3.2 (Similarity Theorems Part 2)
Time Limit 30 minutes

In the previous session, we have discussed the similarity theorems that we can use to show that two
triangles are similar. We begin this session by answering the following practice exercises.

Practice Exercises (Time allotment: 18 minutes)

Even-numbered items are graded. Odd-numbered items have answers at the end of the lesson.
1. Given the following pairs of triangles, determine if they are similar or not. If they are, what
theorem justifies your answer? Figures are not drawn to scale.

85◦ 58◦

(a) 37◦
37◦

(b)

17 13
15 12

(c)
8
5

7
3
(d)
56◦
(e)
3
7 56◦

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2. Given 4CON and 4V EX. Which similarity theorem will justify that these two triangles are
similar with the given conditions?
(a) ∠C ∼
= ∠V , CN = 6, V X = 9, CO = 8, and V E = 12
(b) CO = 6, CN = 4, ON = 8, V E = 9, V X = 6, and EX = 12

3. Given the figure, with 4ABC ∼ 4DBE.

(a) Find EB, given that AC = 8, DE = 6, and CB = 6.
(b) Find DE, given that E is the midpoint of CB, AC = 10, and CB = 12.
(c) Find DB, given that CB = 12, CE = 4, and AD = 5.
B

D E

A C

4. Given the figure, with 4CDE ∼ 4CBA, and ∠CDE ∼

= ∠B.
(a) Find EB, given that CD = 10, DA = 8, and CE = 6.
(b) Find CE, given that CD = 10, CA = 16, and EB = 12.
C

E
D

B A

5. Which of the following conditions will make it possible for the two triangles to be similar?
(a) One triangle has two angles whose measure are 38 and 72, and another triangle whose two
angles measure 38 and 70.
(b) One triangle has two angles whose measure are 40 and 80, and another triangle whose two
angles measure 50 and 70.
(c) One triangle has two sides of length 8 and an angle measuring 55, and another triangle has
two sides of length 12 and an angle measuring 70.
 PR PQ
6. Given the figure, with PQ k ST . Prove that TR= TS . Complete the two–column proof below.

P Q

S T

Statement Reason
1. PQ k ST 1.
2. ∠P and ∠T are alternate interior angles. ∠Q 2.
and ∠S are alternate interior angles.
3. 3.
4. 4PQR ∼ 4T SR 4.
5. 5. Definition of similar triangles

Summative Assessment (Non-graded, Time allotment: 8 minutes)

Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. Consider the figure below, with ∠A ∼ = ∠H and ∠C ∼= ∠G. Which of the following theorems
justifies the similarity between the two triangles?
(a) AAA Similarity Theorem
(b) AA Corollary
(c) SAS Similarity Theorem
(d) SSS Similarity Theorem

I
H

A
G

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2. Using the figure in number 1, which of the C
following is the similarity statement for the
two triangles? I
H
(a) 4ABC ∼ 4GHI
(b) 4ACB ∼ 4HIG A
G
(c) 4BAC ∼ 4IHG
(d) 4CBA ∼ 4IGH B

3. Consider the figure below. Which of the following theorems justifies the similarity between the
two triangles 4SAT and 4MAR?
(a) AAA Similarity Theorem
(b) AA Corollary
(c) SAS Similarity Theorem
(d) SSS Similarity Theorem

10 15

M R
6 9

S T

4. Which of the following is/are similar to 4ABC?

B E I
6
3 5
A
D 3.5
G
7 3
8
F
6

C
H

(a) 4DEF only (b) 4GHI only (c) Both (d) Neither

Mathematics 4 Page 4 of 7
 5. Consider the figure below, with ∠L ∼
= ∠EOB and GB = 15. Find the value of GE.

(a) 5 (b) 5.625 (c) 6 (d) 9.375

10

G E B

Lesson Summary (Time allotment: 4 minutes)

• Two triangles are similar if and only if their corresponding sides are proportional and their corresponding
angles are congruent.
• There are four similarity theorems that we can use to prove that two triangles are similar:
– AAA Similarity Theorem. Given two triangles such that all the pairs of their corresponding
angles are congruent, then we say that the two triangles are similar.
– AA Corollary. Given two triangles such that two pairs of their corresponding angles are
congruent, then we say that the two triangles are similar.
– SAS Similarity Theorem. Given two triangles such that two pairs of their corresponding
sides are proportional and their corresponding included angles are congruent, then we say
that the two triangles are similar.
– SSS Similarity Theorem. Given two triangles such that all the pairs of their corresponding
sides are proportional, then we say that the two triangles are similar.

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Enrichment Exercises (Optional)

1. Provide a two–column proof.

Given: PO ⊥ LM, MN ⊥ LN
Prove: 4MOP ∼ 4MNL

L O M

2. Provide a two–column proof.

Given: GF k DB, FD k BA
Prove: 4EFG ∼ 4ABC

E
G C A

References

Albarico, J.M. (2013). THINK Framework. Based on Ramos, E.G. and Apolinario, N. (n.d.). Science
LINKS. Quezon City: Rex Bookstore Inc.
Moise, E. E., & Downs, F. L., Jr. (1991). Geometry. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.

Prepared by: Mary Gay Antonette G. Magpantay Reviewed by: Jonellyn S. Albano
Position: Special Science Teacher III Position: Special Science Teacher V
Campus: PSHS-MC Campus: PSHS-IRC

c 2020 Philippine Science High School System. All rights reserved. This document may contain proprietary
information and may only be released to third parties with approval of management. Document is uncontrolled
unless otherwise marked; uncontrolled documents are not subject to update notification.

Mathematics 4 Page 6 of 7
Answer Key

Practice Exercises

1. (a) Similar, AAA Similarity Thm 5. (a) Possible

(b) Not similar (b) Not possible

(c) Not similar (c) Possible

(d) Similar, SAS Similarity Thm

(e) Similar, AA Corollary

9
3. (a) EB = 2

(b) DE = 5

(c) DB = 10

Summative Assessment

1. B

2. C

3. C

4. A

5. B

Enrichment Exercises (Optional)

1.

Statement Reason
1. PQ ⊥ LM,MN ⊥ LN 1. Given
2. ∠LMN and ∠POM are right. 2. Definition of Perpendicular
3. ∠LMN ∼= ∠POM 3. Any two right angles are congruent.
4. ∼
∠M = ∠M 4. Reflexive Property
5. 4MOP ∼ 4MNL 5. AA Corollary (Statements 3 and 4)

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