DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL KALINGA CHEMISTRY INVES! SATORY PROJECT 2020-21 = 1a ‘TOPIC: STUDY OF PESTICIDES AND INSECTICIDES INSIDE FRUITS AND VEGETABLES {for the partial fulfilment of AISSCE (2020-21) of CBSE, New Delhi)CERTIFICATE This is to certify that Master/Miss Devansh Das of Class- XII Science bearing the AISSCE CBSE Roll No:- has prepared and submitted this investigatory project entitled “STUDY OF PESTICIDES AND INSECTICIDES INSIDE FRUITS AND VEGETABLES” in partial fulfillment of AISSCE, 2020-21 CBSE ,NEW DELHI under my personal guidance and supervision. | wish him/her success in life. Date:18.1.2021 Counter Signature of Principal.ACKNOWLEDGEMENT | take this opportunity to express my gratitude to all those who have helped me in completing the project entitled “STUDY OF PRESENCE for the partial fulfillment of “All India Secondary School Examination 2020-21”. 1am extremely thankful to my principal Mrs. Anuradha Rakshit for her willing help and valuable guidance. | thank my teachers Mrs.Supriya Satpathy, Mr.Naba Kumar Das and Mr. Rajendra Kumar Saha for their guidance and constant encouragement and critical analysis. | extend my thanks to our Lab Assistant Mr. Nursingha Charan Ray for his patience and help. | thank my family members and friends for their kind cooperation. At last, but not the least, | would like to thank CBSE for giving this opportunity to undertake this project. Submitted by: - DEVANSH DAS AISSCE Roll no: -126333847INDEX INTRODUCTION THEORY EXPERIMENT BIBLIOGRAPHYINTRODUCTION In these recent years, India has witnessed an enormous increase in the yields of various crops to meet the demand of the over-growing Population. To meet this demand, various methods were adopted which include the usage of insecticides and pesticides. What are insecticides and pesticides? These are chemicals that are used to eliminate any danger to growth of crops such as fungi, bacteria, plant diseases, insects, etc. = For example: DDT, BHC, zinc phosphide, et gi 2 eux How are they bad for us? These chemicals are very poisonous which must be used in small quantities with great care. Most of these chemicals are non- biodegradable and remain penetrated into the plants and vegetables that we consume. People who eat these polluted fruits and vegetables can face serious health problems which can affect their digestive system, vital organs, etc.THEORY Nitrogen present in organic compounds is detected by “Lassaigne’s Test”. The elements present in the compound are converted from covalent form into ionic form by fusing the compound with sodium metal, The following reaction takes place:- Na+C+Nx2NaCN (sodium cyanide) Cyanide of sodium so formed on sodium fusion is extracted from the fused mass by boiling it with distilled water. This extract is known as _ ZN + Cm NaEXPERIME Aim: To study the presence of insecticides/ pesticides (nitrogen containing) in various fruits and vegetables Requirements: Mortar and pestle, beakers, funnel, glass-rod, filter paper, china-dish, water-bath, tripod stand, fusion tubes, knife, test-tube Samples of various fruits and vegetables, alcohol, sodium metal, ferric chloride solutions, ferrous sulphate crystals, distilled water and dil. Sulphuric acid. Procedure: Take different kinds of fruits and vegetables and cut them into small pieces separately. ‘Transfer the cut pieces of various fruits and vegetables into it separately and crush them. Take different kinds for each kind of fruits and vegetables and place the crushed fruits and vegetables in these beakers and add 100 ml of alcohol to each of these. Stir well and filter. Collect the filtrate in separate china dish evaporate the alcohol by heating the china dishes one by one over a water bath and let the residue dry in the oven. Heat a small piece of sodium in a fusion tube, till it melts. Then add one of the above residues from the china dish to this fusion tube and heat it till red hot. Drop the hot fusion tube in a china dish containing about 10 ml of distilled water. Break the tube and boil the contents of the china dish for about 5 minutes. Cool and filter the solution. Collect the filtrate. To the filtrate add 1 ml of freshly prepared ferrous sulphate solution and warm the contents. Then add 2-3 drops of ferric chloride solution and acidify with dilute HCl.Ifa blue Of nitrogen containing insecticides. Repeat the test of nitrogen for residues obtained from other fruits and vegetables and record the observation oF green ppt. or coloration is obtained it indicates the presence OBSERVATIONS: S.No | Name of | Test of presence of | Presence of _ 7 | | fruit or | nitrogen insecticides/ pesticides vegetable | (positive/negative) | residue 1 Apple Positive Yes | 2 Banana _| Positive Yes - 3 Cucumber _| Positive Yes [4 Potato positive Yes : CONCLUSION: We conclude from the above experiments that each fruit or vegetable contains nitrogenous insecticides /pesticides residues in it.BIBLOGRAPHY Books: Class 12 Practical Chemistry Websites: simple.wikipedia.org www.icbse.com www.fdocuments.in