COUNSELING

SERVICES,
PROCESSES, &
METHODS
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 At the end of this
module/lesson, you can:
1. Illustrate the different processes
and methods involved in
counseling.
2. Distinguish the needs of
individuals, groups, organizations,
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and communities.
 Counseling Services
● What is the purpose of counseling
services?
- To promote and support the clients’
holistic growth and development.
Professional counselors provide
various services to address social,
emotional and psychological concerns
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of their clients.
 Types of Counseling
Services
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 Counseling
● is the heart of guidance services meaning
it is the core of activity provided by the
counselors that make the other services
useful; is focused on the individual’s
adjustment, growth, and development of
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problem-solving and decision–making

skills.
 Orientation and
information services
● providing information on
development experiences such as
coping with stress, developing
effective study habits, and
managing anger.
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 Psychological testing
services

● this is usually provided to

assess the client’ cognitive
aspect, interest, socio-
economic being, or behavioral
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tendencies.
 Follow-up services

● this is to determine if
counseling goals were
achieved.
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 Career development and
placement services
● is to provide career
assistance to help clients in
job or career guidance issues
or concerns.
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 Individual inventory
services
● is primarily given to
obtain pertinent
information form the
client.
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 Referral services
● in both school and non-school
settings, the counselor may
consider this service if he or she
believes that the client’s
problems go beyond their
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expertise.
 Research and Evaluation
● are systematic processes of collecting,
analyzing, and using the gathered data
to determine the impact and
effectiveness of the guidance program.
This service is provided to strengthen
the quality of programs and services
given to the clients.
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 Counseling
Processes
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 The six-stage counseling process
(Sangganjanavanich and Reynolds,
2014)
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 I. Stage 1: Establishing rapport with the
client
II. Stage 2: Assessment
III. Stage 3: Treatment planning or
formulation of counseling goals
IV. Stage 4: Intervention and problem-solving
V. Stage 5:Evaluation
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VI. Stage 6: Termination

 Counseling Methods

The counseling methods or

techniques carried out in the
counseling interventions depend on
the chosen counseling of the
professional counselor
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 Brief counseling approaches (SFBC)
- Popularly known as solution-focused brief counseling (SFBC) which
focuses on the solution that works best for the client instead of the
problems of the client.

SFBC methods:
1. Scaling
2. Exceptions
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3. Miracle Questions
 Adlerian or Psychodynamic
approaches
- The primary goal of this approach is to
recognize and understand the objective reasons
for one’s experiences.

Methods:
1. I-Messages
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2. Acting As If
3. Mutual Storytelling
 Gestalt approach
- This approach focuses on present
moment experiences, existential
meaning, interpersonal relationships and
integration of the whole person.

Methods:
1. Empty Chair
2. Body Movement and Exaggeration
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3. Role Reversal
 Social Learning
approach
- This approach suggests that clients learn to do
their tasks and behaviors by simply observing and
imitating others.

Methods:
1. Modeling
2. Behavioral Rehearsal
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3. Role-play
 Cognitive
approach
- This approach believes that clients improve their
situations by perceiving and thinking about
problems and solutions through different
perspectives.

Methods:
1. Self-talk
2. Visual/Guided Imagery
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3. Cognitive Restructuring
 Behavioral
approach
- This approach contends that learning happens
when a particular behavior is reinforced by the
presence of a reward or discouraged by giving a
punishment.
Methods:
1. Token Economy
2. Time-out Technique
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3. Response Cost
Thank you!
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 Credits

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