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Introduction to Refinery Processes Webinar (Q/A)
9May’20
1. From SAIF UR RAHMAN : 47% Gasoline means normal petrol we use in our cars as well as Hi Octane ?
Yes, it is part of it

2. From kkarthicram : What is the other products in 18%? Thank you

Naphta, Waxes, Heavy fuel oil, and lubricants

3. From Student : is fire protection systems for various refinery processes are already considered in this
seminar also ?
It is not part of this presentation, fire suppression/protection is done based on area classification and
product inside the equipment.

4. From SAIF UR RAHMAN : Desaltor is a ElectroChemical process ?

We add chemical inside it to enhance separation.

5. From Hassan.masood : What is the role of Brine. is it a bi product or catalyst?

It is a bi-product

6. From issac : The desalter schematic had "try cocks" specified in the right bottom corner. I would like to
know what exactly it is and its purpose in a desalter?
To withdraw small quantity of bottom fluid in the desalter to sample testing.

7. From Arshad : How this Oil Sands distillation is different From conventional crude
There are more improprieties, which needs to be removed, in Oil Sands than conventional crude.

8. From JUNAID : 18% blending, so these product used for petrochemical for restructuring like ethylene gas
Refer to question # 2

9. From Iftikhar : how many types of deslater

Electrostatic Desalters are of three types, High Frequency AC, Dual polarity, and Gravity based

10. From Hassan.masood : Around what pressure the desalting process operates
It depends upon crude pressure at inlet of Desalting facility.

11. From issac : thank you. I presume it is kind of a LC? correct me if I am wrong.
Not sure what you are referring, if is Try Cock the see Question # 6.

12. From Shah Mustafa Kamal : Please name Demulsifier used in Deslating process
Natco and Alfa Laval

13. From shak : how the oil is pushed out From top of the vessel against gravity? Shakeel
The electrostatic force is used to separate oil from water in the stream.
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14. From Mohammad Shakoor : How price of gasoline varies at the pump?
Gobal / Local Supply and demand,

15. From Shah Mustafa Kamal : As mentioned Distillation columns are designed on atmospheric pressure. Are
Dis. Columns are pressure vessels?
It is designed as pressure vessel.

16. From issac : Hi, is there any sort of heating occurring inside the column? I would like to know the different
range of temperatures are maintained inside the coloumn? or is it by enthalpic expansion alone?
Heating is done outside of the distillation column, some of midstream spray back into column after
external heating.

17. From issac : Hi I would also like to know how it is possible to separate hydrocarbons having BP over 750
deg F when the crude is heated in the furnace only upto 750?
It is done in Vacuum Distillation column (at lower pressure)

18. From SAIF UR RAHMAN : height of column varies as per capacity of the plant ?
There are many factor which determine the height of the column such as feed composition, type of trays
etc.

19. From Faheem : how you compare % of steam used in conventional refinery process compare to SAGD
(Heavy Oil)
In SAGD (Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage) we use steam to extract crude out of formation. The
consumption of steam is much higher in SAGD.

20. From issac : Hi, I would like to know how the different ranges of temperatures are maintained inside the
column? i was referring to the atmospheric column
With feed and Reflux flow control.

21. From SHAHBAZ : Can you give quick overview of quality checks related to each process.
One main quality control to check products composition and its process conditions coming at different
level of column.

22. From SRizvi : What Catalyst chemical do we need in Catalytic Cracking? Pt?
Market brand and composition is not disclose

23. From SAIF UR RAHMAN : Merits and demerits of different types of storage tanks ?
Or it is used as pe type of product ?
Depending on product store and its process condition in storage tank
24. From Shahid Iqbal : The cost is different in on shore and offshore.
Offshore cost is high compared to on shore
The offshore design is more compact and material selection is different than onshore. Yes cost is higher.

25. From Shahid Waqas : How important is it to have a downstream unit attached to the refinery. More and
more refineries that are being construction are coming with either a BTX unit, or even a Naphta cracker as
a downstream unit. Can you please explain
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Market economic dictates the combination.

26. From Shahid Waqas : How does the size of the refinery impact the break-even cost? Is there a minimum
size that given highest return
Sorry I don’t know.

27. From Shah Mustafa Kamal : Does a refinery design have separate SOUR GAS TREATMENT FACILITY?
The SRU (Sulphur Recovery Unit) is part of midstream gas treating factility.

28. From Shah Mustafa Kamal : If we have high levels of H2S (~ 7000-9000 ppm) what would be the main
design measures we have to take extra for this sour treatment
Follow NACE standard for H2S range.

29. From Shah Mustafa Kamal : is Sulfhur recovery required or can we do any substitute treatment (if S
recovery is not feasible)?
Sulphur is an improbity and needs to be removed and some processes, like Catalytic Reformer, can’t be
done.

30. From Shah Mustafa Kamal : Which pipeline material and (singe/double walled) would you recommend for
the high sour gas (7000-9000 ppm) Pipeline
See question 35

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