CBLM Uc1 - New

LEARNING OUTCOME NO.
1: Clean the vehicle unit
Contents:
1. Parts and function of light vehicle
2. Cleaning materials
3. Relevant OHS and proper disposal of wastes
4. Care and use of cleaning tools and equipment
Assessment Criteria
 Vehicle is cleaned as per prescribed procedures using appropriate
cleaning supplies, tools/ equipment and according to occupational
health and safety (OHS).
 Wastes are disposed of as per relevant ordinance, rules or law.
Conditions
Students/trainees must be provided with the following:

1. Light Vehicle Unit
2. air compressor
3. vacuum pump
4. steam cleaner
5. polisher
6. hose
7. Cleaning materials
 Soap
 Car shampoo
 Clean water
 Absorbent cloth
 Pail
8. Learning modules
Assessment Method:
1. Demonstration
2. Oral questioning
3. Written test
Document No. CBLM-01

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DRIVING NC II Issued by:
Carrying Out Minor Prepared by:

Vehicle Meljie F. Rapas Page 1 of
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Learning Experiences
Learning Outcome No.1: CLEAN THE VEHICLE UNIT
Learning Activities Special Instructions

 Read Information Sheet 1.1-1 Read and understand the
“Relevant OH&S procedures” information sheet provided and
browse to internet for more sample
 Answer Self-Check 1.1-1
guide. Check yourself by answering
 Compare answer with Answer
the self-check and by performing
Key 1.1-1
the task sheet. You must complete
all the requirements before
proceeding to the next activity.
 Read Information Sheet 1.1-2 Read and understand the
“Parts and function of light information sheet and task sheet in
vehicle” order to generate a correct and
concrete result. Browse to internet
 Answer Self-Check 1.1-2 for more video sample/tutorials
 Compare answer with Answer Key
1.1-2
 Read Information Sheet 1.1-3
“Cleaning materials”
 Answer self-check 1.1-3 Read and understand the

 Compare with answer key 1.1-3 information sheet, job sheet and
operation sheet. Check yourself by
 Read Information Sheet 1.1-4 answering the self-check and
“Care and use of cleaning tools performing the task sheet and job
and equipment” sheet. You must complete all the
requirements before proceeding to
 Answer self-check 1.1-4 the next activity.
 Compare with answer key 1.1-4
After completing all the activities of
 Perform Operation Sheet 1.1-4 this LO, you are ready to proceed to
“Operating vacuum and steam the next activity.
cleaner”
 Perform Job sheet 1.1-4
“Cleaning the vehicle unit”

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Information Sheet 1.1-1
RELEVANT OH&S PROCEDURES
Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:
1. Understand the importance of occupational health and safety
during working in the workplace or work area.
2. Explain the safety ways in cleaning the vehicle unit.
Introduction
In this section, you will learn the importance of Occupational Health
and Safety (OH&S). And how to clean the vehicle unit in as per prescribed
with OH&S procedure. In performing a task we should always think safety
for we have to be safe in what we have to perform, we should free ourselves
from danger and being hurt. We should do the task with safety so we cannot
damage the equipment in the work place.
Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S)
Is a cross-disciplinary area concerned with protecting the safety,

health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment. The goals of
occupational safety and health programs include fostering a safe and
healthy work environment.
Occupational Health and Safety

Occupational safety and health can be important for moral, legal, and
financial reasons. Moral obligations would involve the protection of
employee's lives and health. Legal reasons for OSH practices relate to the
preventative, punitive and compensatory effects of laws that protect worker's
safety and health.
"Occupational health” should aim at:
1. The promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical,

mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations;
2. The prevention amongst workers of departures from health caused by
their working conditions;
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3. The protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting
from factors adverse to health;
4. The placing and maintenance of the worker in an occupational
environment adapted to his physiological and psychological
capabilities; and,
5. To summarize, the adaptation of work to man and of each man to his
job.
Hazard
Hazard is a situation that poses a level of threat to life, health,

property, or environment. Most hazards are dormant or potential, with only
a theoretical risk of harm; however, once a hazard becomes "active", it can
create an emergency situation. A hazard does not exist when it is not
happening. A hazardous situation that has come to pass is called an
incident. Hazard and vulnerability interact together to create risk. Work
place hazards can come from a wide range of sources, example of hazards in
driving laboratory and practical work are:
Example of hazards Example of harm caused

Electricity Electric shock
Wet floor Slips, falls
Electrolyte Burn skin
Brake fluid Irritate skin
Fuel Explosion
Risk
Risk is the chance or probability that a person will be harmed or
experience an adverse health effect if exposed to a hazard. It may also apply
to situations with property or equipment loss.
PERSONAL SAFETY RESPONSIBILITIES
 Observe all the safety precautions related to your work or duty.
 Report any unsafe conditions or any equipment or material you think
might be unsafe. Don’t just walk by an open manhole or turn in a
broken tool without saying anything about it. Report it!
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 Warn others of hazards that exist. If you see someone knowingly, or
unknowingly, place him or herself or others in danger, say something.
 Report any injury or ill health to your trainer. Take an
action if there is injury don’t let the injured person be infected.
 Wear protective clothing whenever appropriate or required. If you’re
issued boots, wear them.
 Be safety conscious. Always remain alert to danger that may exist.
 Always inspect equipment and associated attachments for
damage before you use them. Make sure the equipment you are using
is suited for the job. Check the safety precautions that pertain to each
piece of equipment.
SAFETY
The word safety refers to your freedom from danger, injury and
damage, and to your personal security. The word safety has been used so
often that many of you may think of it as a "Preaching Word", or a word that
forces you to alter your ways or change bad habits.
Instead, when you hear the word safety, think of it as a word that
applies to the way you do everything in life. Think of it as a procedure to
keep you from ha
SAFETY WAYS IN CLEANING THE VEHICLE
Car needs a wash again? Why not go to the car wash? After all, its
there to make life easier for you! In addition to washing your car, it will also
surely clean your wallet in a short span of time. Obtaining a car no doubt is
an expensive affair but why should taking care of it also be? Especially if
you can help it! Washing your car by yourself, you learn to be self
dependent and can maintain a clear record of how the dents, tabs or
scratches were caused. Thus, if you decide to embark on this procedure
soon, there are a few safety or car wash precaution measures that must be
kept in mind.

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Safety Guidelines for Pressure Washing a Vehicle
 Before starting to car pressure washing keep a few safety guidelines in

mind.
 Remove all jewelry, watches and rings from your hands to prevent
scratching or injuring yourself.
 Do not use a ladder since the back kick of the pressure washer could
knock you off.
Never point the power washer at another person. Although the nozzle
may look like a spray gun, it is very powerful and can hurt a person.
 Do not attempt to rinse your feet or hands with the jet since it will
peel your skin right off.
Wear protective eyeware and wet weather clothing to stay dry while
you power wash your vehicle.
The following precautions should be followed when Using

portable/powered tools:
 Ensure all electrical tools have double insulation.

 Do not use a tool that does not have a ground
 Install "point-of-use" ground fault interrupter (GFI) electrical
receptacles for use in all tunnel and bay areas.
 Do not use tools or extension cords that have
 Splices or exposed wires.
 Do not handle or operate electrical equipment when a hand is wet.

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SELF CHECK 1.1-1
TRUE OR FALSE
Instructions: Write T if the statement is correct and write F If the statement

is wrong. Write your answers in a separate paper.
1. Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S) is a cross-disciplinary area

concerned with protecting the safety, health and welfare of people
engaged in work or employment.
2. Risk is refers to your freedom from danger.
3. Hazard is the chance or probability that a person will be harmed or

experience an adverse health effect if exposed to a workplace.
4. Hazard is a situation that poses a level of threat to life, health,

property, or environment.
5. Safety refers to your freedom from danger, injury and damage, and to
your personal security.
Enumeration
Instruction: Give what is asked in the following statement.
1. What is the aim of Occupational health and safety?

2. Why safety is important?
3. What are the safety guidelines for pressure washing a vehicle?
4. What are the examples of hazards found in the work place?
5. What is occupational health and safety?

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ANSWER KEY 1.1-1
TRUE OR FALSE
1. T
2. F
3. F
4. T
5. T
Enumeration
1. "Occupational health” should aim at:
 The promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical,

mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations;
 The prevention amongst workers of departures from health caused
by their working conditions;
 The protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting
from factors adverse to health;
 The placing and maintenance of the worker in an occupational
environment adapted to his physiological and psychological
capabilities; and,
 To summarize, the adaptation of work to man and of each man to
his job.
2. Why safety is important?

Safety is important during working in the work place so that no one
will get hurt and the equipment will no longer be damaged.
3. Safety Guidelines for Pressure Washing a Vehicle
o Remove all jewelry, watches and rings from your hands to

prevent scratching or injuring yourself.

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o Do not use a ladder since the back kick of the pressure
washer could knock you off.
o Never point the power washer at another person. Although

the nozzle may look like a spray gun, it is very powerful and
can hurt a person.
o Do not attempt to rinse your feet or hands with the jet since
it will peel your skin right off.
o Wear protective eyeware and wet weather clothing to stay dry

while you power wash your vehicle.
4. Examples of hazards.
 Electricity
 Wet floor
 Electrolyte
 Brake fluid
 Fuel
5. Occupational health and safety.
Is a cross-disciplinary area concerned with protecting the

safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or
employment.

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Parts and Function of Light Vehicle
1. Identify parts of light vehicle.
2. Identify the function of light vehicle component parts.
3. Understand the principles and operation of light vehicle parts.
Millions of people wake up in the morning, grab a cup of coffee and

drive off to work, without stopping to think, 'how does my car work'? Most of
the time that question comes as, 'why doesn't my car work?' The way to stay
informed is to read up on the subject, which is the point of this hub.
American life would not be the same without cars, so it is a good idea to be
somewhat knowledgeable on how that which we hold so dear works.
There are many different systems in cars, but they can be broken
down into 7 sub-systems. Those systems are steering, suspension, drive
train, emissions, brakes, electronics, and safety. These can also be broken
up into smaller sub systems, and i will go into greater detail with later posts.
Light vehicle
Light vehicle also sometimes light goods vehicle or (LGV) is a
commercial carrier vehicles with a gross vehicle weight (GVW) of up to 3.5
tones. The formal term within the European Union is Light commercial
vehicles. Vehicles which qualify in this category are pickup trucks, vans and
three-wheelers all commercially based goods or passenger carrier. The LCV
concept was created as a compact truck and is usually optimized to be
ruggedly built, have low operating costs and powerful yet fuel efficient
engines, and to be utilized in intra-city operations.

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Basic parts of light vehicle
 Engine
 Power Train
 Steering System
 Brake system
 Electrical system
 Body
 Suspension system
Parts of power train

 Clutch
 Transmission
 Propeller
 Differential
 Drive Axle
 Wheels

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Definition of terms
Engine
Converts heat energy into mechanical energy. The device that burn
fuel to create mechanical power. Produces power to move the vehicle.
Basic Engine Principles

Automotive engines change chemical energy of the fuel into heat
energy and finally into mechanical energy. The fuel is burned inside the
cylinder. The combustion of fuel within the engine cylinder develops
pressure which pushes the piston downward on the power stroke. The
connecting rod, which connects the piston to the crankshaft, converts the
up-and-down motion of the piston into a rotary motion by the crankshaft.
This rotary motion is transmitted to the wheels which make the car move.
2 - Stroke engine
2 stroke cycle engine: The engine revolves once (two strokes of
the piston, one down, one up) for a complete cycle of the engine. It is very
complex to explain the action of intake, compression, ignition/power, and
exhaust because they vary between engines quite significantly, but all these
functions occur sometime during each revolution of the two-stroke cycle
engine.

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4- Stroke Engine
4-stroke cycle engine: Each stroke is involved with a separate function

which is occurring during a particular stroke. Each complete cycle of the
engine involves four strokes of the piston, a down, an up, a down, and an up
stroke for each complete cycle of the engine (which is two revolutions of the
engine). The four stroke cycle engine is more clearly understood: the first
down stroke is called the intake stroke which brings an air charge into the
engine. In direct injection engines, air is all that is admitted during the
intake stroke; the fuel is injected directly into the cylinder when the engine
is ready. The next stroke, an up stroke of the piston, compresses either the
air or the air/fuel mixture; the rising pressure heats the contents of the
cylinder. Once ignition takes place, the resulting "explosion" forces the
piston down through the power stroke.
4-Stroke Engine Basic Operation
The operation is as follows -
1. Intake Stroke - The inlet valve is opened and the fuel/air mixture is
drawn in as the piston travels down.
2. Compression Stroke - The inlet valve is closed and the piston travels
back up the cylinder compressing the fuel/air
mixture. Just before piston reaches the top of
its compression stroke a spark plug emits a
spark to combust the fuel/air mixture. The
number of degrees before the top its stroke is
the ignition advance. When the piston is at
the top of its travel it is at top dead centre
(TDC).
3. Combustion Stroke - The piston is now forced down by the

pressure wave of the combustion of the fuel
air mixture. The engines power is derived
from this stroke.
4. Exhaust Stroke - The exhaust valve is opened and the piston

travels back up expelling the exhaust gases
through the exhaust valve. At the top of this
stroke the exhaust valve is closed. This
process is then repeated
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Power train
It carries the power from engine to the drive wheels the turn to move
the
vehicle.
Steering system
It is the system that gives directional flow of the vehicle by means of
turning the steering wheel.

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Brake System Function, and Principles of Operation
Hydraulic device that stop, slow the vehicle to its desired place.
An effective braking system takes all these factors into account.
A basic hydraulic braking system has 2 main sections -
 The brake assemblies at the wheels, and

 The hydraulic system that applies them.
There is a brake for:
 When the vehicle is in motion – usually a foot brake – for

slowing or stopping the vehicle
 A park brake for when it’s stationary – usually operated by
hand but sometimes foot activated
Some systems have all drum brakes. Some have disc brakes on the
front wheels and drum brakes on the rear, others have all disc brakes.
A basic braking system has a:
 brake pedal,
 master cylinder to provide hydraulic pressure,

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 brake lines and hoses to connect the master cylinder to the
brake assemblies,
 fluid to transmit force from the master cylinder to the wheel
cylinders of the brake assemblies; and
 brake assemblies – drum or disc – that stop the wheels.
The driver pushes the brake pedal; it applies mechanical force to the
piston in the master cylinder. The piston applies hydraulic pressure to the
fluid in the cylinder, the lines transfer the pressure – which is
undiminished in all directions within the confines of the brake lines – to the
wheel cylinders, and the wheel cylinders at the wheel assemblies apply the
brakes.
Force is transmitted through the fluid. For cylinders the same size,
the force transmitted from one is the same value as the force applied to the
other. By using cylinders of different sizes, forces can be increased or
reduced.
In an actual braking system, the master cylinder is smaller than the

wheel cylinders, so the force at all of the wheel cylinders is increased.
When brakes are applied to a moving vehicle, they absorb the

vehicle’s kinetic energy. Friction between the braking surfaces converts this
energy into heat.
In drum brakes, the wheel cylinders force brake linings against the
inside of the brake drum. In disc brakes, pads are forced against a brake
disc. In both systems, heat spreads into other parts and the atmosphere, so
brake linings and drums, pads and discs must withstand high
temperatures and high pressures.
Suspension system Function and Principles of Operation

Absorb the shock of tires and wheels meeting bumps and holes in the
road.
Principles of suspension
Sprung mass refers to vehicle parts supported on the springs, such as
the body, frame, and engine. Unsprung mass includes parts of the steering
and suspension not supported by springs, such as wheels, tires, and brake
assemblies.

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Unsprung weight
Parts of a vehicle not supported by the suspension system are known
as unsprung weight.
Suspension force
Leaf springs absorb applied force by flattening out under load. Coil
springs absorb force of impact by twisting. Torsion bars twist around their
center.
Wheel unit location

Driving thrust, braking torque, and cornering force operate to displace
wheel units. These forces must be transferred to the vehicle frame, but the
wheel units must stay aligned with each other, and with the frame.
Dampening
Dampening prevents or reduces the bouncing effect of oscillation by
absorbing the energy from the oscillation.
Electrical system
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Provide electricity for cranking the engine, charging the battery, and
powering the lights and other electrical equipment.
Body
Provide enclosures and compartment for the engine, passengers, and
luggage or cargo.

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COMPONENT PARTS OF POWER TRAIN
Clutch function
Connect and disconnect or engage and disengage power from engine
to transmission so that the gear can be shifted
Principles of operation of clutch
The clutch works on the principle of friction. When two friction

surfaces are brought in contacts with each other and pressed they are
united due to the friction between them. If one is revolved, the other will also
revolve. The friction between the two surfaces depends upon the area of the
surfaces, pressure applied upon them and coefficient of friction of the
surface materials. The two surfaces can be separated and brought into
contact when required.
One surface is considered as driving member and the other as driven

member, the driving member is kept rotating. When the driven member is
brought in contact with the driving member, it also starts rotating. When
the driven member, it also starts rotating. When the driven member is
separated from the driving member it does not revolve.

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Manual Transmission Function and Operation
An assembly of gears, shafts, and related parts used to transmit
power from the engine to the driveshaft or final drive of an automotive
vehicle.
Because of the way an internal combustion engine breathes, it can

produce torque, or twisting force, only within a narrow speed range. Most
modern, overhead valve engines must turn at about 2500 rpm to produce
their peak torque. By 4500 rpm they are producing so little torque that
continued increases in engine speed produce no power increases.
The manual transmission and clutch are employed to vary the
relationship between engine speed and the speed of the wheels so that
adequate engine power can be produced under all circumstances. The
clutch allows engine torque to be applied to the transmission input shaft
gradually, due to mechanical slippage. The car can, consequently, be started
smoothly from a full stop.
The transmission changes the ratio between the rotating speeds of the
engine and the wheels by the use of gears. On cars, 4-speed or 5-speed
transmissions are most common. The lower gears allow full engine power to
be applied to the rear wheels during acceleration at low speeds.
Propeller shaft
An assembly of one or more drive shaft, universal joint, slip joint that
transmit torque through varying angles and distance from one shaft to
another.

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Differential
A device that control the body roll of the vehicle when turning left or
right, or the outer wheel turn faster than the inner wheel to smooth
cornering.
The DIFF Series consists of six major components: an input shaft, an

output shaft, spiral-bevel drive gears, spiral-bevel idler gears, a worm gear
designated the "carrier", and a worm designated the "control shaft."
Power transfer through the Candy Differential begins at the input

shaft with a spiral-bevel drive gear affixed at its inboard end. This drive gear
transfers power at right angles through the idler gears, which are pinned to
the carrier, and then to the output drive gear and shaft. The input and
output shafts incorporate a patented backbone support system so that
overhung loads are not deflected into the gear mesh. When the carrier is
held stationary, the power transfer results in a 1:1 ratio transmission with
counter-rotating shafts. Applying a rotation to the control shaft causes the
carrier to rotate intermittently or continuously in one direction or the other.
This rotation changes the position of the bevel gear assembly about the
main shaft center line, causing a differential action between input and
output elements. Since this control action is independent of the drive
function, phase adjustments can be made while the Candy Differential is in
motion providing precise position or speed control.

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Drive axle
A theoretical or actual crossbar supporting a vehicle on which one or
more wheels turn?
Wheels
A disc or spoke with a hub (revolving around the axle) at the center
and a rim around the outside the outside for mounting the tires.

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SELF CHECK 1.1-2
Identification
Instruction Identify the word or group of word describe the following

statement
1. A disc or spoke with a hub (revolving around the axle) at the center
and a rim around the outside the outside for mounting the tires.
2. An assembly of one or more drive shaft, universal joint, slip joint that
transmit torque through varying angles and distance.
3. Connect and disconnect or engage and disengage power from engine
to transmission so that the gear can be shifted.
4. Provide enclosures and compartment for the engine, passengers, and
luggage or cargo.
5. It carries the power from engine to the drive wheels the turn to move
the vehicle.
6. It is the system that gives directional flow of the vehicle by means of
turning the steering wheel.
7. A theoretical or actual crossbar supporting a vehicle on which one or
more wheels turn.
8. Produces power to move the vehicle.
Enumeration
1. What are the basic parts of light vehicle?
2. Parts of power train.

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ANSWER KEY 1.1-2
Identification
1. Wheel
2. Propeller shaft
3. Clutch
4. Body
5. Power train
6. Steering system
7. Drive axle
8. Engine
Enumeration
1. Basic parts of light vehicle
 Engine
 Power Train
 Steering System
 Brake system
 Electrical system
 Body
 Suspension system
2. Parts of power train

 Clutch
 Transmission
 Propeller
 Differential
 Drive Axle
 Wheel

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Cleaning materials
1. Identify vehicle cleaning materials.
2. Identify uses of cleaning materials.
Introduction
In this section, you will learn the deffirent types of cleaning materials
for the vehicle, how it be used and how it be aplied to the vehicle. Most car
owners does not have knowledge in choosing what is the correct materials
cleaning materials for thier vehicle they always bring thier vehicles in the
car wash or auto detailing.
Basic Cleaning Supplies

Before you even think about specialty cleaners, you need to know the
basic cleaning supplies that every home needs to have. Basic cleaning
supplies do most of the work in your home, and the really good ones will
limit the number of specialty cleaners you need to purchase.
Cleaning Materials
 Steam cleaner
 Vacuum pump
 Broom
 Brush
 Rug
 Pail
 Car Soap
 Car shampoo
 Polisher

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Steam cleaner
A steam cleaning car wash uses a steam jet or a steam cleaner to
wash and clean the car's exterior and interior. The steam jet is completely
safe and can be used on all car surfaces, giving a perfect exterior finish
without any spots or streaking. And when it comes to the interior, not only
do they clean thoroughly, they also sanitize and deodorize too!
Vacuum cleaner
A vacuum cleaner, also known as a Hoover (a generalized trademark)
or sweeper and commonly referred to simply as a vacuum, is a device that
uses an air pump to create a partial vacuum to suck up dust and dirt,
usually from floors.
Polisher
Car polish is a product that removes dirt, grease, scratches and
scrapes from automobile paint. It is a car detailing product that comes in
several different forms such as liquids, sprays and creams. Car detailing
refers to the cleaning and shining work done on vehicles. Many car polishes
contain solvents such as turpentine that clean the auto paint and remove
impurities from it to allow the shine to show through.
Although car polish brings out the shine in a vehicle's paint finish, it's
important to understand that polishes are not the same as waxes. This is
confusing to many people since some waxes are sold as polishes and vice
versa, but the two products are actually very different. Car wax applied to
automobile paint acts as a protective layer. It's non-abrasive and fills in little
dents in the paint finish. Car polish on the other hand, is slightly abrasive
and it removes surface grime.
Car Soap and Shampoo

A mild cleansing agent is always best for your car. It cleans the dirt
gently without damaging the surface of your car. Car wash soaps that offer
very rich suds may not be always ideal for your car as they contain harsh
chemicals to form rich lather. These chemicals may strip the wax or even car
paint off your car. However, you may use these soaps when you wish to strip
the wax completely before doing car waxing again. Dish wash soaps are a
big no, when it comes to washing a car. Vegetable oil based soaps are
natural, clean the dirt gently and leave your car sleeker and shinier. Green
or eco-friendly car soaps are also good as they are biodegradable and pose
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no harm to car or environment. The expensive soaps available in the market
have some advantages over their cheaper counterparts. These products are
pH balanced, meaning they do not breakdown the wax on your car.

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SELF CHECK 1.1-3
TRUE OR FALSE
Instruction: Write T if the statement is correct and write F if the statement

is wrong.
1. Detergent soap can be use for many cars.
2. Steam cleaning car wash uses vacuum to clean the vehicle.
3. Vacuum is a device that uses an air pump to create a partial vacuum

to suck up dust.
4. A mild cleansing agent is always best for the car.
5. Car polish is a product that removes dirt, grease, scratches and

scrapes from automobile paint.
Enumeration
1. Give at least 5 examples of cleaning materials for the vehicle.







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ANSWER KEY 1.1-3
TRUE OR FALSE
1. F
2. F
3. T
4. T
5. T
Enumeration
 Steam cleaner
 Vacuum pump
 Broom
 Brush
 Rug

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Care and Use of cleaning tools and equipment
1. Identify the different tools for cleaning the vehicle.
2. Identify different ways in cleaning the vehicle unit.
3. Enumerate on how to care cleaning tools and equipment
Introduction
Maintaining the surface of your vehicle is as important as maintaining

the vehicle's engine. A car that runs great and looks good may actually bring
in a higher resale value than a vehicle that runs great but has a poor
appearance. A clean vehicle's paint will last longer and need fewer expensive
repairs than paint that is allowed to become dull and thin due to oxidation.
Car washing techniques vary amongst individual vehicle owners. Car

washing is an essential function of preventive maintenance. Keeping the
exterior of a vehicle clean prevents rust and oxidation and also reduces the
occurrence of fine scratches. This article attempts to relay the most common
method and the significance of this pastime. Washing a vehicle with soap
and a sponge is not the main body of work. In fact, this is only the
preparation for the real cleaning. Soap and sponge will not remove all
contaminants from a vehicle's surface. Other products will be required such
as clay bars, cleaner wax, polish, etc.
Personal safety
Whenever you perform a task in the workshop you must use personal
protective clothing and equipment that is appropriate for the task and which
conforms to your local safety regulations and policies. Among other items,
this may include:
 Work clothing - such as coveralls and steel-capped footwear

 Eye protection - such as safety glasses and face masks
 Ear protection - such as earmuffs and earplugs
 Hand protection - such as rubber gloves and barrier cream
 Respiratory equipment - such as face masks and valve respirators

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Note: If you are not certain what are appropriate or required, ask your
TRAINER.
Safety Check
 Some cleaning agents are toxic. Refer to the MSDS on any cleaning
agent and follow any recommendations before using it.
 Do not use flammable cleaners or water on electrical equipment.
 Make sure designated walkways are kept clear of any obstructions.
 Always wear protective clothing and the appropriate safety equipment.
 Make sure that you understand and observe all legislative and
personal safety procedures when carrying out the following tasks. If
you are unsure of what these are, ask your supervisor.
POINTS TO NOTE
 Clean tools and equipment work more efficiently. At the end of each
working day clean the tools and equipment you used and check them
for any damage. If you note any damage, tag the tool as faulty and
organize a repair or replacement.
 Electrical current can travel over oily or greasy surfaces. Keep
electrical power tools free from dust and dirt and make sure they are
free of oil and grease.
 All workshop equipment should have a maintenance schedule.
Always complete the tasks described on the schedule at the required
time. This will help to keep the equipment in safe working order.
 Store commonly used tools in an easy-to-reach location. If a tool, or
piece of equipment, is too difficult to return, it could be left on a
workbench or on the floor where it will become a safety hazard.
 When cleaning products lose their effectiveness they will need to be
replaced. Refer to the suppliers' recommendations for collection or
disposal. Do not pour solvents or other chemicals into the sewage
system. This is both environmentally damaging and illegal.
 Always use chemical gloves when using any cleaning material
because excessive exposure to cleaning materials can damage skin.
 Some solvents are flammable. Never use cleaning materials near an
open flame or cigarette.

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 Hand tools are of great importance in everyday life. What they are,
how to use them, what they can be used for are significant to the
worker. There is different variety of tools and each tool has a special
use. Hand tools cost money and hence every worker should know
how to take care of the tools he uses.
 Care of Hand Tools The care of hand tools depends on many factors
like as follows:
Cleaning and Conditioning A tool should always be kept clean and

free of dust so that it remains in a good condition and a tool in good
condition gives the maximum efficiency.
 Clean your tools after use.
 You can wash your hand tools using brush.
 There should not be any risk of spreading pathogens while
washing your tools.
 As rust is caused by dampness or moisture, the formation of
rust can be prevented by applying light oil on those rust prone
areas.
 When rust forms on tools, remove it by using a fine abrasive
cloth or scrubber.
 The moving parts of the tools must be kept working freely and
hence it is necessary to lubricate them regularly.
Storage:
 Tools should be kept in a tool box or a tool cabinet or work bench.
 Each tool should be kept in its own individual place so that it is easily
accessible and can be replaced readily after they have been used.
 The compartments in a tool box or a cabinet should be designed and
placed in such a way that there is no danger of one tool coming in
contact with the other.
 The bench top or the working area should always be kept clear and
unobstructed.
 Tools should not lie idle on the floor or in the working area as they are
a hazard to anyone working there or passing by.
 Sharp tools like chisels and knives should be placed in their
respective holders so that there is no danger of cutting oneself when
picking it out or replacing it.
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 Store hand tools in a dry, sheltered environment.
 Place similar tools together so that people can see easily what is
available.
Maintenance:
 It is important to note that a user hurts or cuts himself only when the
tool is dull. A hand tool in a good working condition will do its work
efficiently without any effort on the part of the worker. It is seen that
when blades are dull, the worker has to exert great pressure to cut ,
which in turn may off balance the worker leading to his slip or fall.
That is why the blades of the cutting tools should always be be kept
sharp.
 Metal blades should be well-oiled.
 Any kind of screws, blades, nuts, bolts, rivets, and springs must
always be checked regularly for wear or damage, and should be
replaced if necessary.
 Wooden parts of hand tools must be sanded oiled regularly.
 If certain tools are beyond your capacity to clean and maintain, then
take advice from the concerned maintenance person.
Use:
Last but not the least, tools should be used to do only that specific job
for which they are designed. For example, you cannot use a chisel as a
screwdriver or a screw driver as a chisel. Such misuse is dangerous both to
the tools and to the person using them. You should learn how the tool
should be used and for what purpose
Different Ways in Cleaning the Vehicle Unit

How to wash a car?
There are two ways of washing a car:
1. Hand washing or manual car wash
2. Automated car wash
Hand washing, manual car wash:
First you need to make sure you wash you’re car in the shade and
when sun is going down this will help later on. then u need to bug and tar
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its a product that removes tar and tough dirt from a car make sure to scrub
the area with a soft towel then rinse immediately don’t leave it on to long no
less than two mins. then proceed to rinse the car in hot water or cold it don’t
matter but cold works for me, rinse car well make sure small rocks leaves
any object is removed this will prevent scratches from forming when
washing, apply Maguire product in a five gallon bucket and wash with a
micro fiber sponge theory wash entire car from top to bottom make sure to
wash everything except tires and rims if you do you will pick up rocks and
brake dust. Then proceed to rinse car off from top to bottom wash twice just
to make sure you got everything. then rinse while you are doing this you
should also start washing the tires and rims with different cleaners after
both are don’t rinse entire car with water then proceed to dry car micro fiber
towel from top to bottom do it fast and even if you don’t them this will cause
striking and water spot and will leave a 15 min job useless. After this is all
done you should be ready to start waxing. On the side note if you drop
sponge or drying towel on dirt do not continue to use it during wash use a
different towel.
Tools Materials and Equipment Used for Hand Washing the Vehicle
 Pressure washer/steam cleaner
 Pail
 Hose
 Plastic Broom
 Brush
 Rugs
 Car soap and shampoo
 Polisher

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AUTOMATED CAR WASH-
Mechanized car washes, especially those with brushes, were once
avoided by some meticulous car owners because of the risk of damaging the
finish. Paint finishes have improved as have car washing processes and this
perception of vehicle damage is much less today. However, this perception
was the motive behind the rise of facilities utilizing "brushless" (cloth) and
"touch-free" (high-pressure water) equipment, as well as modern "foam"
washing wheels made of closed cell foam.
In today's modern car wash facilities, whether tunnel, in-bay
automatic or self-serve, soaps and other cleaning solutions used are
designed to loosen and eliminate dirt and grime.
Examples of Automated carwash
Self serve car wash-

A simple and automated type of car wash is typically coin-operated
or token-operated self-service system. Newer self-service car washes offer
the ability to pay with credit cards or loyalty cards. The vehicle is parked
inside a large covered bay that is equipped with a trigger gun and wand (a
high-pressure sprayer) and a scrub foam-brush. When customers insert
coins or tokens into the controller, they can choose options such as soap,
tire cleaner, wax or clear water rinse, all dispensed from the sprayer, or
scrub the vehicle with the foam-brush. The number of coins or tokens
inserted determines the amount of time customers have to operate the
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equipment; in most instances, a minimum number of coins are necessary to
start the equipment.
A multi-bay self-service car wash, with an automatic “touch less" bay at the
far left and manual bays on the right.
In-bay Automatics:
An in-bay automatic car wash is a type of car wash where the car
wash customer pays for their wash either at the gas pump located at the
nearby gas station, inside a convenience store, or at a pay station that is
located in front of the bay. The customer then drives their own vehicle into a
single bay, sits in their vehicle, and a machine goes over and around their
vehicle, washing it for them. In-bay automatics are also called “rollovers”
because the equipment rolls back and forth over the vehicle.

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Exterior Conveyor Car Wash
At a traditional exterior conveyor car wash the customer drives up to

the conveyor at the entrance of the wash and pays the attendant. The
attendant directs the customer to pull their vehicle onto the conveyor. The
attendant then preps the vehicle and sends it through the tunnel. The
customer stays in the vehicle as it moves through the tunnel, and then they
drive their vehicle off the conveyor when the wash is finished.
Full-service Car Wash

A traditional full-service car wash is a type of wash where a customer
drives up to the vacuum area, gets out of their vehicle, and is waited on by a
service advisor who takes their order. The customer then takes their ticket
into the lobby and pays a cashier. After waiting in the lobby the customer
picks up their vehicle outside at the exit end of the car wash after it has
been washed and dried by the car wash attendants.

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Flex-serve Car Wash
A flex-serve car wash is an exterior conveyor car wash (traditional
or express) where a customer has the option after they exit the tunnel to
pull into what is termed an “aftercare” area in order to have their vehicle
vacuumed and dried or have an express detail service performed on their
vehicle. Some flex-serves, like full-serve car washes, will also provide full-
service detailing services.

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SELF CHECK 1.1-4
Identification
Instruction: Identify the term or terms described by the sentence.
1. Car washes, especially those with brushes, were once avoided by

some meticulous car owners because of the risk of damaging the
finish.
2. Car wash is a type of car wash where the car wash customer pays
for their wash either at the gas pump located at the nearby gas
station, inside a convenience store, or at a pay station that is
located in front of the bay.
3. At a car wash the customer drives up to the conveyor at the
entrance of the wash and pays the attendant.
4. A traditional is a type of wash where a customer drives up to the
vacuum area, gets out of their vehicle, and is waited on by a service
advisor who takes their order.
5. In today's modern car wash facilities, whether, or soaps and other
cleaning solutions used are designed to loosen and eliminate dirt
and grime.
Enumeration
1. What are the factors that may follow in caring hand tools?

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ANSWER KEY 1.1-4
Identification
1. Mechanized
2. In bay
3. Exterior Conveyor
4. Full service
5. Tunnel, In-bay, Automatic or Self-serve
Enumeration
 Cleaning and conditioning
 Maintenance
 Storage
 Use

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OPERATION SHEET 1.1-4
Vacuum pump and Steam cleaner
After reading this OPERATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:
1. Use and operate vacuum pump in cleaning the vehicle
2. Use and operate steam cleaner in cleaning the vehicle.
INTORDUCTION
Most car owners have not enough knowledge in using vacuum pump
and steam cleaners in cleaning their vehicle. They often to go car wash or
auto detailing ad pay for the cleaning of their cars. In this operation sheet
you must learn on how to use and operate vacuum pump and steam
cleaner.
Vacuum pump is easy to use, but there are several procedures to follow on
how to use this equipment.
Step-by-step procedure in using vacuum pump
1. Before beginning, check your apparatus for cracked glassware, and

loose joints. Check also the wire insulation.
2. Place the vacuum on the flat surface near the vehicle.
3. Before powering the pump make sure that the switch is turn off.
4. Plug in the cord to power the pump then turn it on.
5. When the pump is generated this is the time that you will used it to
vacuum dust and small particles inside the vehicle.
6. Vacuum first the upholstery of the car then the carpet.
7. Repeat cleaning the entire interior part of the car.
8. After the cleaning is complete turn off the pump and unplug from the
power source.
9. Clean the pump by opening the cover to remove the dust inside the
pump.

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Step-by-step
procedures in using
pressure washer
1. Place the trolley

3.1 Mounting of trolley handle on the
handles (models with machine.
trolley handle) 2. Secure the handle
by mounting the 2
screws. Use the
enclosed hexagon
key.
3.2 Mounting of
quick 1. Screw the quick
coupling coupling tight on to
the water inlet (2).
,
Note: The inlet filter (2a)
must always be fitted in the
water inlet pipe to filter out
sand, limestone and
Other impurities as
these will damage
the pump valves.
3.3 Mounting of high 1. Attach the high

pressure hose on pressure
spray gun hose (4) to the spray
gun (7). Detach the
high pressure hose
by pressing the pawl

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OPERATING YOUR PRESSURE WASHER
4.1 Connection of 1. Mount

high pressure hose the high
pressure
hose on
the outlet
(3).
4.2 Mounting of spray

lance and Click &
Clean nozzles
DRIVING NCII Date Prepared: Document No. CBLM-01

February 2018 Issued by:
Carrying out Page 45 of
minor vehicle 104
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maintenance and JOHN JAY T.
servicing CARNECER
1. Push the
spray lance
(6) into the
spray gun
(7) and
screw
it on.
Note: The spray lance

(6) has a built-in low
Pressure nozzle that can

be used for flushing away
dirt.
2.Attach the nozzle.

Warning: When attaching the Click
&Clean nozzles, the pawl on the
side of the spray lance (6) should come out again.
Press the pawl to detach the

Click & Clean nozzle.

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4.3 Water connection An ordinary 1/2" IMPORTANT! Only use
garden hose of min.10 water without any
m and max.25 m will impurities. If there is a
be suitable. risk of running sands
in the inlet water (i.e.
NOTE: Connection to from
the public mains Your own well), an
according to additional filter
regulations. (106411231) should
be mounted.
1. Let the water run

through the water
hose before
connecting it to the
machine to prevent
sand and dirt from
penetrating the
machine.
Note: Check that
the filter is fitted in
the water inlet pipe
and that it is not
clogged up.
2. Connect the water
hose to the water
supply by means of
the quick connector
(inlet
water,
max.pressure:10
bar,
max.temperature:40
°C).
3. Turn on the water.
4.4 Start and stop of The spray lance is Point the nozzle at the
the machine ground.
affected by a thrust
during operation
1. Check that the
- therefore always hold
machine is in upright
it firmly with both
position.
hands. IMPORTANT:

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NOTE: Do not place the Do not cover the 4. Lock the spray gun
machine in high grass! machine during (7a).
2. Release the trigger operation or use it in
lock (7a). a room without When releasing the
adequate ventilation! trigger of the spray
3. Activate the trigger gun, the machine
of the spray gun and Note: If the machine automatically stops.
let the water run is left or not used for The machine will
until all air has 5 minutes, it must be start again when you
escaped from the switched off on the re-activate the spray
water hose. start/stop switch "O" gun
(1):
4. Press the Start/stop
switch 1. Press the start/stop
"I" (1). switch
"O".
5. Activate the 2. Disconnect the
trigger of the spray electrical plug from
gun. the socket.
3. Shut off the water
Always adjust the supply and activate
distance and thus the the trigger to relieve
pressure of the nozzle the machine of
to the surface, which is pressure.
to be cleaned.

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AFTER USING YOUR PRESSURE WASHER
5.1 Storing the washer The machine should 3. Stop the

be stop red in a frost- machine,
free room! unplug and
wind up hose
,
and cable.
4.Place spray handle,
nozzles
Pump, hose and and other accessories
accessories should in the
always be emptied of holders of the
water prior to storing
as follows: machine.
1. Stop the machine Should the

(press the machine by
start/stop switch mistake be
“O”(1) and detach frozen, it will
water hose and be necessary
accessory. to check it for damage.
2. Restart the machine and activate the trigger.
Let the machine run until no more water runs
through the spray gun.
5.2 Winding up of To avoid accidents, the electric cable and

electric cable and high the high pressure hose should always be
pressure hose winded carefully up around the handle.
ind up the
cable on the
appropriate.
5.3 Storage of accessories

The spray handle, lance and nozzles
can be stored on the pressure washer
Date Prepared: Document No. CBLM-01

DRIVING NCII February 2018 Issued by:

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minor vehicle JOHN JAY T.
maintenance and CARNECER
servicing
JOB SHEET 1.1-4
Title: Cleaning the vehicle unit
Performance Objective: After reading this job sheet the trainee’s
should be able to wash a vehicle in accordance with OH and Safety.
Vehicle should be clean and look shine and brighter within 1 hour.
Supplies/Materials : Light Vehicle Unit, Air compressor, Vacuum
pump, Steam cleaner, Polisher, Hose
Cleaning materials
 Soap
 Car shampoo
 Clean water
 Absorbent cloth
 Pail
Equipment : Vehicle Unit, Vacuum Pump, Steam
cleaner
Steps/Procedure:
1. Perform safety procedure
 If you are using extension wire do not place in the wet area
 Remove all jewelries from your hand, it can damage the
paint of the vehicle
2. Preparation
 Park the car in flat area and out of direct sunlight
 Gather all the tools, materials and equipment needed
 Set everything near the car
3. Wash your car
 Spray car with water to loosen the dirt, mud’s. Don’t use
strong jet, it can rub grit over the paint and scratch it.
 Fill a pail with water and add car soap in the quantity
directed in the bottle
 Soak a large wash mitt or sponge in the soapy water, being
certain to wash out any dirt in it, and begin applying it to
the car. Do not use a brush on the car body -- this will leave
little scratches.
 Wash the car section by section, starting at the top.
 Rinse the dirt out of the wash mitt or sponge in the bucket
with plain water frequently.
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the wheels. If the wheels are very glossy, instead use a
sponge or a mitt to clean them just as you would the car
body after hosing off as much of the extra dirt.
 Clean the tire sidewalls with a plastic brush.
 At some point rinse the bottom of the car, from various
angles, with a spray nozzle. This is particularly important
when the car has been exposed to salt.
4. Vacuum carpet and upholstery
 Remove carpet inside the vehicle and spray with water
 Vacuum upholstery
5. Sweep/mop vehicle
 Sweep the floor from dust and mop it after you sweep
6. Wash and wipe vehicle
 As you progress, spray with water and keep the entire car
wet, as this will prevent droplets from drying on the paint
and leaving water-spots. You want to be able to dry the car
with car towel or chamois before it air-dries.
7. Wax your car
 Applying wax properly does take a little time and effort, but
it is worth it in the long run. Car wax protects your paint
finish from the elements and will make your car look brand
new longer.
8. Perform 5s
 Return all the tools and materials that is used and arrange
properly
Assessment Method: Demonstration


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Performance Criteria Checklist 1.1-4
CRITERIA
YES NO
Did you….
1. Performed safety procedure.
2. Cleaned the vehicle as per prescribed procedure
using appropriate cleaning supplies,
tools/equipment according to Occupational
Health and Safety (OH&S).
3. Disposed waste as per relevant ordinance, rules
or law.
4. Clean the outside and inside of the vehicle
properly.
5. Performed 5s after working?
6. Finished the job on the given time?


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LEARNING OUTCOME NO. 2
Maintain and service vehicle system
Contents:
1. Parts of vehicle and its functions
2. Basic principles of operation of vehicle system such as electrical
system, fuel system, cooling system, steering system, exhaust system,
tires and brakes.
3. Routine service and maintenance of light vehicle
4. Minor routine repair and servicing
5. Diagnosis of vehicle faults and irregularities and major repair and
service requirements.
6. Housekeeping
7. Writing and documenting service and maintenance reports
8. Care and use of tools for routine maintenance and servicing
Assessment Criteria
 Minor routine checks are undertaken based on manufacturer's
manual.
 Minor routine repair and servicing are undertaken in
accordance with occupational health and safety procedures and
manufacturer's manual.
 Brakes are inspected and appropriate action is undertaken in
accordance with manufacturer's specifications.
 Complex repair and service requirements are identified and
referred following workplace procedures.
 Records of routine servicing, maintenance and repairs are kept
and updated in accordance with workplace procedures
Conditions
Students/trainees must be provided with the following:
1. Light vehicle unit

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2. set of combination wrench
3. screw driver(flat and Philips)
4. set of socket wrench
5. volts ohms meter
6. tire wrench
7. jack
8. mechanical pliers
9. Manufacturer’s maintenance manual
10. Workplace procedures in record keeping
11. engine oil
12. brake fluid
13. distilled water
14. fuse
15. bulbs
16. eye goggles
17. apron
18. gloves
19. 19. Learning modules
Assessment Method:
1. Observation
2. Written test
3. Interview


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Learning Experiences
Learning Outcome 2
Maintain and Service the Vehicle System
Learning Activities Special Instructions

 Read information sheet 1.2-1 Read and understand the
“Writing and documenting information sheet provided and
maintenance report” browse to internet for more sample
 Answer self check 1.2-1 Read and understand the
 Compare with answer key 1.2-1 information sheet provided and
browse to internet for more sample
 Perform task sheet 1.2-1 “On the self-check and by performing
writing and documenting the task sheet. You must complete
maintenance report” all the requirements before
 Evaluate the task using
Performance Criteria Checklist
1.2-1
 Read information sheet 1.2-2 “On

housekeeping”
 Answer self check 1.2-2

 Perform task sheet 1.2-2 “On

housekeeping”
 Evaluate the task using
performance criteria checklist
1.2-2

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 Read information sheet “Basic Read and understand the
principles and operation of information sheet and task sheet in
vehicle” (refer to information order to generate a correct and
sheet 1.1-2) concrete result. Browse to internet
for more video sample/tutorials
 Answer self check guide. Check yourself by answering
 Compare with answer key the self-check and by performing
(refer to self check and answer the task sheet. You must complete
key 1.1-2) all the requirements before
 Read Information Sheet “Parts proceeding to the next activity.
and function of light vehicle”
(refer to information sheet 1.1-2)
 Answer Self-Check
(refer to self check and answer
key 1.1-2)
 Read information sheet 1.2-5
“Diagnose vehicle faults and
irregularities”
 Answer self-check 1.2-5 Read and understand the
 Compare with answer key 1.2-5 information sheet, job sheet and
task sheet. Check yourself by
answering the self-check and
 Read task sheet 1.2-5 performing the task sheet and job
“Diagnosing Vehicle Faults and sheet. You must complete all the
Irregularities” requirements before proceeding to
 Evaluate task using Performance the next activity.
Criteria Checklist 1.2-5
 Read information sheet 1.2-6
“Care and use of tools for
routine service and
maintenance”
 Answer self-check 1.2-6
 Read task sheet 1.2-6 “Care and

use of tools for routine service
and maintenance”
 Evaluate task using Performance
Criteria Checklist 1.2-6
 Read information sheet 1.2-7 Read and understand the
“Routine service and information sheet, job sheet and

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maintenance” task sheet. Check yourself by
answering the self-check and
 Answer self check 1.2-7
performing the task sheet and job
sheet. You must complete all the
requirements before proceeding to
 Read Information Sheet “Minor the next activity.
Routine Repair and Servicing”
(read Information Sheet 1.2-7)
 Answer Self Check (refer to Self
Check 1.2-7)
(refer to Answer Key 1.2-7)
 Perform job sheet 1.2-8 “Minor After completing all the activities of
routine repair and servicing” this LO, you are ready to proceed to
 Evaluate the task using the next activity.
performance criteria checklist
1.2-8


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Writing and Documenting Maintenance Report
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to write a
document for maintenance report.
Maintenance records are written notes that provide documentation

about the upkeep of a certain piece of equipment. This documentation can
prove useful to a variety of different businesses. These records are
particularly useful in maintenance management because they help ensure
their equipment is kept in good condition. In addition, they provide
businesses with a way to manage and track repair and preventative upkeep
expenses.
The use of maintenance records is particularly important in a factory

setting, where a large number of expensive machines are used daily. These
records can help make sure that any appropriate equipment
maintenance has been completed so that plant operations will run
smoothly. For instance, a maintenance log detailing any repairs or service
upkeep may be kept on a factory machine. This log can help avoid accidents
or plant shut-downs resulting from defective equipment.
Documentation
Preventive maintenance (PM) inspections and services should be

performed, and documented according to a schedule. All documentation
should be kept through the life of the vehicle plus 3 years. Whenever a
mechanic or tow truck is dispatched to a vehicle in service, documentation
should be submitted to the office and placed in the vehicle file.
PM Inspections
Preventive maintenance (PM) inspections are scheduled to provide an

opportunity to detect and repair damage or wear conditions before major
repairs are necessary.
Each inspection will:
 Specify each item to be checked;


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 Record repairs and the routine application of fluids;
 Indicate inspection interval (i.e., daily or weekly); and
 Contain a pass/fail standard for each item.
Identified defects
Identified defects should be reported to the project manager. Defects

must be reviewed and repair considered. Categories of repair include:
 Safety defect
The vehicle cannot be released until the repairs are completed, except
in case of an emergency. Safety cannot be compromised.
 Mechanical defect
A defect that will worsen and increase cost. The vehicle cannot be
released until the repairs are completed, except in case of an
emergency.
 Elective mechanical defect
A defect that does not compromise safety, will not cause further
damage if operated but needs to be corrected prior to the next PM
cycle. Repair should be scheduled. Due to transportation costs and
disruption to operations, this decision should not be made lightly.
 Elective or cosmetic defect
The defect will not compromise safety and will not cause further
damage or cost as it is an aesthetic defect. This vehicle should be
scheduled for an off-peak time in the future, as determined by
management, or at the next scheduled PM Service.
Defect Report
Last 5 digits of VIN____________ Date ____________________
Encircle the parts that has defect


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Electrical Suspension Brakes Body Damage
Dome Lights Won’t Raise Pull L/R Bumpers

Gauges Noisy Lock Up Front End
Telltale Lamps Noisy Rear End
Horn Parking Brake Left Side
Right Side
Engine Transmission Tires
Stop Light Low Power Transmission Flat

Light
Check Light Won’t Start Won’t Shift Damaged
Overheats Oil Leak No Forward Low Air
Smokes Fuel Leak No Reverse Low Tread
Vibrates Water Leak Slips Uneven Wear
Stalls Noisy Leaks Loose Lugs
Steering Clutch
Hard Slip
Shimmies Noise
Excessive Play Not engaging
Pulls Left Leaks
Pulls Right
EQUIPMENT TYPE :
EQUIPMENT CODE :

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LOCATION :
Schedule for the Month of
March
Remarks
Monthly
15th Day
Weekly
Every
Every
Other
ACTIVITIES MANPOWER
Daily
Day
Equipment Inspection Checklist
Qualification:
Sector:
Institution:
Sample form


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Equipment Type :
Property Code/Number :
Location :
Person-In-Charge :
Inspected by :
Date of Inspection :
YES NO INSPECTION ITEMS
MAINTENANCE INSPECTION CHECKLIST

Sector:
Qualification:
Institution:
SELF CHECK 1.2-1


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TRUE OR FALSE
Instruction: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and write FALSE if the
statement is wrong, write your answer on your answer sheet.
1. The vehicle cannot be released until the repairs are completed.
2. The use of maintenance records is particularly important in a factory
setting, where a large number of expensive machines are used daily.
3. Preventive maintenance (PM) inspections are scheduled to provide an
opportunity to detect and repair damage or wear conditions before
major repairs are necessary.
4. The defect will compromise safety and will cause further damage or
cost as it is an aesthetic defect.
5. Maintenance schedule is not necessary in maintaining the
equipments.


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ANSWER KEY 1.2-1
TRUE OR FALSE
1. T
2. T
3. T
4. F
5. F


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TASK SHEET 1.2-1
Title: Writing and Documenting Maintenance Report
Performance Objective: After reading this task sheet the trainee’s
should be able to prepare preventive maintenance report.
Supplies/Materials : Bond paper, CBLM
Equipment : PC, printer with ink, Vehicle
Step-by-step procedures:
1. Prepare supplies and materials.

2. Secure a copy of the template of the Maintain Training Facilities
3. Determine the equipment that needed to be report.
4. Determine the defect and the maintenance for the specific
equipment.
5. Write the specific action taken for the equipment.
6. Write the name of technician and the date.
7. Present your work to your trainer.


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CRITERIA
YES NO
Did you….
1. Recorded of routine servicing, maintenance and
repairs are kept and updated in accordance with
workplace procedures.
2. Wrote the document that is presentable.
3. Assigned and indicate in the schedule the capable
or authorized person to perform the maintenance
activities.
4. Wrote maintenance activities as following the rules
and regulation in the school.


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INFORMATION SHEET 1.2-2
HOUSEKEEPING
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able:
1. Clean the work area
2. Enumerate the benefits of good housekeeping
3. Enumerate 5s practice in the work place
Introduction
Housekeeping refers to day-to-day cleanliness, tidiness and good order
in all parts of the office. Good housekeeping provides a clean and pleasant
working environment. It also helps prevent accidents in the workplace and
aids the efficient operation of the office. Good housekeeping can usually be
achieved by routine cleaning of the premises, proper storage of materials,
periodic disposal of rubbish, regular maintenance of facilities and full staff
co-operation.
Why should we pay attention to housekeeping at work?

Effective housekeeping can eliminate some workplace hazards and
help get a job done safely and properly. Poor housekeeping can frequently
contribute to accidents by hiding hazards that cause injuries. If the sight of

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paper, debris, clutter and spills is accepted as normal, then other more
serious health and safety hazards may be taken for granted.
Housekeeping is not just cleanliness. It includes keeping work areas
neat and orderly; maintaining halls and floors free of slip and trip hazards;
and removing of waste materials (e.g., paper, cardboard) and other fire
hazards from work areas. It also requires paying attention to important
details such as the layout of the whole workplace, aisle marking, the
adequacy of storage facilities, and maintenance. Good housekeeping is also
a basic part of accident and fire prevention.
Effective housekeeping is an ongoing operation: it is not a hit-and-
miss cleanup done occasionally. Periodic "panic" cleanups are costly and
ineffective in reducing accidents.
What is the purpose of workplace housekeeping?

Poor housekeeping can be a cause of accidents, such as:
 tripping over loose objects on floors, stairs and platforms

 being hit by falling objects
 slipping on greasy, wet or dirty surfaces
 striking against projecting, poorly stacked items or misplaced
material
 cutting, puncturing, or tearing the skin of hands or other parts
of the body on projecting nails, wire or steel strapping
To avoid these hazards, a workplace must "maintain" order
throughout a workday. Although this effort requires a great deal of
management and planning, the benefits are many.


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What are some benefits of good housekeeping practices?
Effective housekeeping results in:
 reduced handling to ease the flow of materials

o fewer tripping and slipping accidents in clutter-free and spill-
free work areas
 decreased fire hazards
o lower worker exposures to hazardous substances (e.g. dusts,
vapours)
o better control of tools and materials, including inventory and
supplies
 more efficient equipment cleanup and maintenance
 better hygienic conditions leading to improved health
 more effective use of space
 reduced property damage by improving preventive maintenance
 less janitorial work
 improved morale
 improved productivity (tools and materials will be easy to find)
How do I plan a good housekeeping program?

A good housekeeping program plans and manages the orderly storage
and movement of materials from point of entry to exit. It includes a material
flow plan to ensure minimal handling. The plan also ensures that work
areas are not used as storage areas by having workers move materials to
and from work areas as needed. Part of the plan could include investing in
extra bins and more frequent disposal.
The costs of this investment could be offset by the elimination of
repeated handling of the same material and more effective use of the
workers' time. Often, ineffective or insufficient storage planning results in
materials being handled and stored in hazardous ways. Knowing the plant
layout and the movement of materials throughout the workplace can help
plan work procedures.
Worker training is an essential part of any good housekeeping
program. Workers need to know how to work safely with the products they
use. They also need to know how to protect other workers such as by


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posting signs (e.g., "Wet - Slippery Floor") and reporting any unusual
conditions.
Housekeeping order is "maintained" not "achieved." Cleaning and
organization must be done regularly, not just at the end of the shift.
Integrating housekeeping into jobs can help ensure this is done. A good
housekeeping program identifies and assigns responsibilities for the
following:
 clean up during the shift

 day-to-day cleanup
 waste disposal
 removal of unused materials
 inspection to ensure cleanup is complete
Do not forget out-of-the-way places such as shelves, basements,
sheds, and boiler rooms that would otherwise be overlooked. The orderly
arrangement of operations, tools, equipment and supplies is an important
part of a good housekeeping program.
The final addition to any housekeeping program is inspection. It is the
only way to check for deficiencies in the program so that changes can be
made. The documents on workplace inspection checklists provide a general
guide and examples of checklists forinspecting offices and manufacturing
facilities.
5s Practice
5s is the name of a workplace organization methodology that uses a list of
five Japanese words which are seiri, seiton, seiso, seiketsu, shitsuke.
Translated into a English there are all start with the letter S.
Seiri (Sort)
 TIDINESS, ORGANIZATION.
 Taking out & disposing of unnecessary items.
Seiton (Systematized)
 ORDERLINESS: Tools, equipment & materials must be systematically
arranged for the easiest and most efficient access.
Seiso (Sweep)
 CLEANLINESS: Cleaning even if things are NOT DIRTY.


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Seiketsu (Standardize)
 STANDARDS: Maintaining the workplace in high standard
housekeeping.
Shitsuke (Self-discipline)
 SUSTAINING DISCIPLINE: Doing things without having told.


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SELF-CHECK 1.2-2
MULTIPLE CHOICE
Directions: Select the best and most probable answer for each number,
write the answer on your answer sheet.
1. In 5s, Maintaining the work place in high standard housekeeping
is ?
a. Seiri b. Seiton c. Seiketsu d. Shitsuke
2. In 5s, Disposing of unnecessary items is ?
3. It refers a day-to-day cleanliness, tidiness and good order in all parts
of the office.
a. 5s b. Housekeeping c. Seiton d. Both a&b
4. Tools, equipment & materials must be systematically arranged for the
easiest and most efficient access in 5s is ?
5. Cleaning even if things and the work place are NOT DIRTY in 5s is?
a. Seiri b. Seiton c. Seiketsu d. Seiso
6. A good housekeeping program identifies and assigns responsibilities
for the following EXCEPT ?
a. Clean up during the shift c. Waste disposal
b. Day-to-day cleanup d. Waiting for the others to clean
7. The following are benefits of good housekeeping practices
EXCEPT ?
a. Reduced handling to ease the flow of materials
b. Decreased fire hazards
c. More efficient equipment cleanup and maintenance
d. Accidents happen in the work place.
8. Doing things without having told to any personnel or trainer in 5s is?


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ANSWER KEY 1.2-2
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A
2. C
3. A
4. B
5. D
6. D
7. D
8. D


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TASK SHEET 1.2-2
Title: Housekeeping
should be able to perform housekeeping.
Supplies/Materials : Cleaning materials
Equipment : Pressure washer
1. Immediately clean up any paint, grease, oil, water, etc. that has
spilled on the floor. Someone could slip causing serious injury.
2. Put any scrap papers, boxes, etc., into the proper garbage
containers or recycling bins.
3. Put cans into bins marked for cans.
4. Clean up debris and organize tables and work stations that you
have been using, so that the next person can start with a clean
work area.
5. Clean any machine and surrounding area after use.
6. Return all hand tools to their proper places after use or at end of
your shift.
7. Keep all walkways, aisles, roadways, and areas in front of fire
extinguishers, electrical panel boxes free of obstruction.
8. Keep your rest rooms and lunchrooms as clean and neat as
possible. Put all garbage into garbage cans, not beside them. Do
not put paper towels in the toilets.
9. Keep the office and the surrounding area clean and clear of parts,
junk, etc.
10 .Clean the computers at least once a week by wiping them with
computer cleaning fluid.
11. Stack pallets, boxes, baskets, etc. neatly to avoid them falling
over.
12. Organize your work station as neatly and efficient as possible.
Avoid over clutter.
13. Keep stairway and platforms clear of obstruction.
14. Keep storage areas neat and organized.
15. Keep desks and filing cabinets clean and well organized.
16. Clean as you go. (Continually clean your work area as you work.)
17. Remember, A Safe Shop is a Clean Shop!

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CRITERIA
YES NO
Did you….
1. Prepared all the needed materials equipment for
the task.
2. Performed housekeeping in accordance with
OH&S procedures.
3. Cleaned all the work stations neatly.
4. Cleaned all the equipment and arrange for the
ease access.
5. Arrange the entire laboratory for safety and
ease access of all trainees.
6. Followed the entire task given by your trainer.


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Diagnose Vehicle Faults and Irregularities
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to Identify and
diagnose vehicle faults and irregularities.
The vehicle owner who does his or her own maintenance according to
the recommended service schedules should not have to visit and use this
section. Modern component reliability is such that provided those items
subject to wear or deterioration are inspected or renewed at the specified
intervals, sudden failure is comparatively rare. Faults do not usually just
happen as a result of sudden failure, but develop over a period of time.
Fault finding
With any fault-finding, the first step is to decide where to begin
investigations. Sometimes this is obvious, but on other occasions, a little
detective work will be necessary. The owner who makes half a dozen
haphazard adjustments or replacements may be successful in curing a fault
(or its symptoms), but will be none the wiser if the fault recurs, and
ultimately may have spent more time and money than was necessary. A
calm and logical approach will be found to be more satisfactory in the long
run. Always take into account any warning signs or abnormalities that may
have been noticed in the period preceding the fault - power loss, high or low
gauge readings, unusual smells, etc - and remember that failure of
components such as fuses or spark plugs may only be pointers to some
underlying fault.
Verify the fault

This is simply a matter of being sure that you know what the
symptoms are before starting work. This is particularly important if you are
investigating a fault for someone else, who may not have described it very
accurately.


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VEHICLE FAULT FINDING
Automatic transmission
Engine
 Fluid leakage
 Engine fails to rotate when
attempting to start  Transmission fluid brown, or has
burned smell
 Engine rotates, but will not start
 General gear selection problems
 Engine difficult to start when cold
 Transmission will not downshift (kick
 Engine difficult to start when hot
down) with accelerator fully
 Starter motor noisy or excessively-
depressed
rough in engagement
 Engine will not start in any gear,
 Engine starts, but stops
or starts in gears other than Park or
immediately
neutral
 Engine idles erratically
 Transmission slips, shifts roughly, is
 Engine misfires at idle speed
noisy, or has no drive in forward or
 Engine misfires throughout reverse gears
the driving speed range
 Engine hesitates on acceleration
 Engine stalls Driveshaft
 Engine lacks power  Clicking or knocking noise on turns
 Engine backfires (at slow speed on full-lock)
 Oil pressure warning light  Vibration when accelerating or
illuminated decelerating
with engine running
 Engine runs-on after switching off
 Engine noises
Braking system
Cooling system
 Vehicle pulls to one side under
 Overheating
braking
 Overcooling
 Noise (grinding or high-pitched
 External coolant leakage
squeal) when brakes applied
 Internal coolant leakage
 Excessive brake pedal travel
 Corrosion
 Brake pedal feels spongy when
depressed
Fuel and exhaust systems
 Excessive brake pedal effort required
 Excessive fuel consumption
to stop vehicle
 Fuel leakage and/or fuel odor
 Judder felt through brake pedal or
 Excessive noise or fumes from
steering wheel when braking
exhaust system
 Brakes binding
 Rear wheels locking under normal
Clutch
braking
 Pedal travels to floor

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no pressure or very little resistance
 Clutch fails to disengage (unable to
select gears) Suspension and steering systems
 Clutch slips (engine speed increases,  Vehicle pulls to one side
with no increase in vehicle speed  Wheel wobble and vibration
 Judder as clutch is engaged  Excessive pitching and/or rolling
 Noise when depressing or around corners, or during braking
releasing clutch pedal  Wandering or general instability
 Excessively-stiff steering
Manual transmission
 Excessive play in steering
 Noisy in neutral with engine
 Lack of power assistance
running
 Tire wear excessive
 Noisy in one particular gear
 Difficulty engaging gears
Electrical system
 Jumps out of gear
 Battery will not hold a charge for more
 Vibration than a few days
 Lubricant leaks  Ignition/no-charge warning light
remains illuminated with engine
running
 Ignition/no-charge warning light fails
to come on
 Lights inoperative
 Instrument readings inaccurate or
erratic
 Horn inoperative, or unsatisfactory in
operation
 Windscreen/tailgate wipers
inoperative, or unsatisfactory in
operation
 Windscreen/tailgate washers
inoperative, or unsatisfactory in
operation
 Electric windows inoperative,
or unsatisfactory in operation
 Central locking system inoperative,
or unsatisfactory in operation


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Self Check 1.2-5
TRUE OR FALSE
1. With any fault-finding, the first step is to decide where to begin
investigations.
2. The owner who makes half a dozen haphazard adjustments or
replacements may be successful in curing a fault (or its symptoms), but will
be none the wiser if the fault recurs, and ultimately may have spent more
time and money than was necessary.
3. Faults usually just happen as a result of sudden failure, but
develop over a period of time.
4. This is not important if you are investigating a fault for someone
else, who may not have described it very accurately.
5. Engine fails to rotate when attempting to start is an example of
faults.
6. Fault finding is not important to the vehicle.
ENUMERATION
1. Give an example of transmission faults(5 examples)
2. Give an example of brake system faults(5 examples)


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ANSWER KEY 1.2-5
TRUE OR FALSE
1. T
2. T
3. F
4. T
5. T
6. F
ENUMERATION
TRANSMISSION FAULTS
 Noisy in neutral with engine running
 Noisy in one particular gear
 Difficulty engaging gears
 Jumps out of gear
 Vibration
BRAKE SYSTEM FAULTS
 Vehicle pulls to one side under braking
 Noise (grinding or high-pitched squeal) when brakes applied
 Excessive brake pedal travel
 Brake pedal feels spongy when depressed
 Excessive brake pedal effort required to stop vehicle


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TASK SHEET 1.2-5
Title: Diagnosing Vehicle Faults and Irregularities
should be able to diagnose faults of the vehicle and minor irregularities.
Supplies/Materials : Fuel
Equipment : Vehicle
1. Attempt to turn the car on. If the vehicle does not start than
there are many possibilities. A good preliminary diagnosis is to listen
for a clicking sound before the motor goes dead. This likely indicates
a dead battery. Next turn on an interior light, such as above the
dashboard. If this light turns on, then the more likely culprit is a
broken ignition switch.
2. Drive slowly around the neighborhood while being wary of

stalls. If the power steering goes out, lights go out or the engine shuts
down, you have stalled. This likely indicates issues with piston
cylinders inside your engine. Aim repairs at the fuel injector or spark
plug.
3. Continue driving while paying close attention to the noise

emerging from the exhaust pipe. Loud noises, such as, popping and
sputtering, indicates damage to the lining of the exhaust pipe,
requiring either cleaning or replacement. Another possible target,
particularly if the exhaust is more black than normal, is a clogged
catalytic converter.
4. Steer left and right, then go straight, allowing the wheel to

demonstrate any bias to one side or the other. Steering problems
could require realignment of the tires, which can cause a car's
trajectory to cant to one side. Hissing sounds from the steering
column are likely indicators of low levels of power steering fluid.


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5. Accelerate and listen for grinding or hissing noises from the
transmission. This could indicate faulty o-rings or other issues with
the transmission. Other transmission issues to pay attention to
include leaking fluid, which may be demonstrative of a larger
problem.
6. Slow down, being careful to listen to scraping or scratching

noises emanating from the foot box around the brakes. This could
indicate worn brake pads or even misalignment.
7. Report the faults and irregularities that you have identify to

your trainer.


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CRITERIA
YES NO
Did you….
1. Followed OH&S procedures in diagnosing vehicle
faults.
2. Identified vehicle faults.
3. Reported the irregularities and faults to your
trainer.
4. Used appropriate tools and equipment in
diagnosing vehicle faults.
5. Followed the procedures in diagnosing vehicle
faults.


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Care and Use of Tools for Routine Service and Maintenance
1. Identify tools for routine and service and maintenance.
2. Discuss how to care tools and equipment
The tools we use in the vehicle are very important if there are no appropriate
tools for the job, we cannot perform it properly. We should care about the
tools so that it take long period of time that we can used it. Also we need to
understand what uses of tools are in our driving course, so that the tools
can used properly and it cannot cause damaged.
Types of Automotive Tools
High quality tools can save time and prevent bleeding knuckle
A variety of tools are required to perform automotive tasks, changing
from one job to the next. With wrenches and screwdrivers the differences
may be a shift in size, but some automotive work requires tools designed
especially for that purpose. Depending on the type of automotive work you
are performing, you can expect to use an assortment of hand tools and
possibly 1 or more specialty items as well.
Tools for routine service and maintenance
1.) Hammers
One of the most basic tools you’ll need for your toolbox. From regular
hammers to ball peen hammers to power hammers.


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2.) Socket Sets
A good ratchet and socket set is invaluable and here are many different sets
to choose from.
3.) Pliers
You'd be surprised about how many different types of pliers there are. You
can even get special pliers to fix the fins of a radiator.
4.) Wrench Sets

Of course you will need a good set of wrenches.
5.) Drills and Drill Bits

A good drill is very important to have if you break a bolt or are installing
accessories.
6.) Tool Chests

Now that you have all your tools, you need a place to store and secure them.
7.) Tool Sets

Complete tool sets in a nice storage case.
8.) Screwdrivers
And last but not least, screwdrivers. Now who can't use an extra one or two?
Care of Tools
Tools and equipment shall be kept in proper operating condition and
used only for the purpose for which they were designed. If proper and safe
tools are unavailable, this should be reported to the supervisor.
All tools should be inspected at regular intervals, and any tool that
develops defects while in use shall be taken from service, tagged and not
used again until restored to proper working condition. Hammers and similar
tools shall be kept in good condition and shall not be used if the handles are
loose, cracked, or splintered. Wrenches must be kept in good condition.
Defective wrenches such as open-end, box-end, socket, and adjustable
wrenches with spread jaws, or pipe wrenches with dull teeth, might slip.


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How to Take Care of Your Hand Tools
Cleaning
All tools should always remain free of dust and debris, which can
cause damage over a long period of time. If your tools get dirty or wet during
use, take the time to clean them afterward. Most tools can be cleaned with a
simple soft brush that you keep near your tool cabinet. Rust, the main
enemy of metal, can cause permanent damage if left unchecked. Rust forms
from moisture, although you can prevent it with most tools by applying a
light oil on rust-prone areas. When rust does form, use a fine scrubber and
oil to remove it but remember, rust will also be prone to reforming on this
area in the future. If you can afford it, invest in tools that are made from
high-quality metal alloys to make them resistant to rust and corrosion.
Finally, any moving parts should be lubricated occasionally so they remain
in good working order.
Proper Storage
What's the point of cleaning your tools regularly if you don't have
proper storage in place? Depending on your needs, a simple toolbox will
suffice. If you have a large collection of tools or use them professionally in a
trade, a metal cabinet is a good option. Tools should always be organized
and sorted and put back in their designated area after each use. This way,
they're always there when you need them. Ideally, tools won't touch each
other while they're stored. A few companies have developed storage systems
to address this. Keep all of your instruments in a dry area free of moisture,
dust and direct sunlight. For sharp instruments like chisels, keep them in a
holder so you won't accidentally hurt yourself when you get them out. Tools
should never be left on the ground or a working area as they can pose a
serious hazard. Try to group your tools together in a way that makes sense
to you.
Maintenance
Most people are injured using their tools when they aren't kept sharp
or in good condition. Metal blades should always be well oiled and replaced
when they lose their sharpness. Regularly inspect your nuts, bolts, screws
and other small parts for damage so you know when they need to be
replaced. If you own hand tools with a wooden handle, take the time to sand
and oil it regularly to prevent splinters and splitting.


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Self Check 1.2-6
True or False
1. Most people are injured using their tools when they aren't kept
sharp or in good condition.
2. Tools should always be organized and sorted and put back in their
designated area after each use.
3. Tools should be left on the ground or a working area as they can
pose a serious hazard.
4. All tools should be inspected at regular intervals, and any tool that
develops defects while in use shall be taken from service, tagged and not
used again until restored to proper working condition.
5. A variety of tools are required to perform automotive tasks,
changing from one job to the next.


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Answer Key 1.2-6
TRUE OR FALSE
1. T
2. T
3. F
4. T
5. T


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TASK SHEET 1.2-6
Title: Care and Use of Tools for Routine Maintenance and Servicing
Performance Objective: After reading this task sheet the trainee’s should
be able to diagnose faults of the vehicle and minor irregularities.
Supplies/Materials : Set of hand tools, 2 rug, oil
Equipment : n/a
Step-by-step procedures
1. Preparation and safety
Perform safety procedures gather all the tools and equipment
needed for the task.
2. Clean hand tools
keep your hand tools in good, clean condition with two sets of rags.
One rag should be lint-free to clean or handle precision instruments
or components.
The other should be oily to prevent rust and corrosion.
3. Clean floor jacks
Wipe off any oil or grease on the floor jack and check for fluid leaks.
If you find any, top up the hydraulic fluid.
Occasionally, apply a few drops of lubricating oil to the wheels and a
few drops to the posts of the safety stands.
4. Clean electrical power tools
Keep power tools clean by brushing off any dust and wiping off
excess oil or grease with a clean rag.
Inspect any electrical cables for dirt, oil or grease, and for any


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chafing or exposed wires.
With drills, inspect the chuck and lubricate it occasionally with
machine oil.
5. Clean air powered tools
Apply a few drops of oil into the inlet of your air tools every day.
Although these tools have no motor, they do need regular
lubrication of the internal parts to prevent wear.
6. Clean hoists and heavy machinery
Locate the checklist or maintenance record for each hoist or other
major piece of equipment before carrying out cleaning activities.
You should clean operating mechanisms and attachments of excess
oil or grease.
CRITERIA
YES NO
Did you….
1. Cleaned the hand tools in accordance with safety
procedures.
2. Cleaned and refill floor jack with fluid.
3. Used clean rugs and anti rust in cleaning the

tools.
4. Cleaned electrical powered tools in accordance
with manufacturers manual.
5. Cleaned air powered tools in accordance with
manufactures manual.
6. Followed all the task given by your trainer.


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Routine Service and Maintenance
3. Identify types of scheduled servicing.
4. Undertake minor routine checks.
Auto maintenance describes the act of inspecting or testing the

condition of the car subsystems, and servicing or replacing parts and fluids.
Regular maintenance is critical to ensure the safety, reliability, drivability,
comfort and longevity of a car. During preventive maintenance, a number of
parts are replaced to avoid major damage or for safety reasons.
There are four manufacturer-recommended scheduled service types.

 Pre-delivery Service
 First Service
 Distanced based Service
 Timed based Service


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Pre-delivery service
A pre-delivery service is performed on a new vehicle before it is
delivered to the costumer. It is performed to check that the vehicle is in
correct working order and is operating as the manufacturer intended. It is
also the time to check that the required options are installed and dealer
fitted accessories fitted.
First Service
A first service is usually performed at around 1000 miles or 1500
Kilometers. Its function is to check the general condition of the vehicle,
change the oil and make any minor adjustments. The owner may also
require some early warranty repairs.
Distanced-based Service
Distanced based services are used to maintain the vehicle at its
optimum condition after a set amount of use. The distance between the
services varies and can range from 3000 m or 5000 km upward depending
on the manufacturer.
Minor services are performed at shorter intervals, and major services
performed at longer intervals. A major service includes the items performed
at a minor service, but also includes other service items that need to be
performed less frequently. At a service, lubricants can be changed, items
such as spark plugs and filters replaced and adjustments and checks
performed on components that wear out, such as brake pads and tires.


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Time-based Service
Timed based service protects a vehicle from deterioration over time
rather than from the amount of use, which is measured by the distance
traveled. These are performed when a vehicle is not used very much in
travels only small distance over a period of time. Minor services are
performed at six month intervals. Major services are performed every twelve
months. Lubricants and fluids have a service life and should be changed
even if the vehicle has basis, to prepare the vehicle for the onset of summer
or winter.
Non-Scheduled Servicing
Pre-trip check
Out of phase services are performed on a vehicle prior to a long trip
and can involve a check of components as well as the replacement of drive
belts, hoses, tires. If the vehicle is within 700miles of a scheduled service it
is appropriate to perform all the service tasks at this time. An out of phase
service may also prepared the vehicle foe travel in to the different country or


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to a different climate and may include fitting driving or fog lamps, or altering
the coolant mix.
Routine vehicle checks
A vehicle owner is responsible for some routine checks. The checks
should be performed weekly and include:
 Engine oil level
 Coolant level
 Battery electrolyte level
 Brake fluid level
 Tire pressure
 Screen washer fluid
Car Repair and Routine Maintenance
Come to the nearest shop for your car repairs and routine car
maintenance work and benefit from over 33 years of vehicle repair
experiences.
If you are looking for the highest quality car repairs and vehicle
maintenance work at highly competitive prices. Look for a shop that has
complete tools and equipment and offer FREE vehicle inspection, carried out
by qualified car mechanic. Makes a car repair or maintenance today.
In most automotive shop comprehensive vehicle repair services will be
conducted by a qualified car mechanic or technician and well cover engine
system, braking systems, shock absorbers, exhaust systems and lubricant
system to name but a few. Check out our car maintenance schedule below
to see when your vehicle is due for maintenance or book your vehicle in
online.
How often should my vehicle system be inspected?
Every six months as a rule of thumb or
1. Braking systems every 15,000km
2. Shocking absorbers every 25,000km
3. Exhaust systems every 20,000km
4. Lubrication system every 10,000km
These basic systems can be inspected FREE by a qualified Pit Stop car
mechanic or technician. Pit Stop also carry out a range of detailed vehicle
system checks preventive car maintenance inspections to help you protect
your vehicle and ensure that you are getting the most from it.
Engine performance


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Despite the misconception that many newer vehicles no longer require
tune-ups, all vehicles require routine maintenance in order to avoid
performance problems such as hard starting, misfiring, surging, hesitation,
and stalling. Not only does engine maintenance reduce the chance of
expensive car repairs further down the line, a proper tune-up will also save
you money at the gas-pump.
We have developed an in-depth list of services you should have
regularly performed along with any of the vehicle’s manufacture’s scheduled
maintenance.
Spark plugs
 Damaged or worn-out spark plugs can cause drivability problems
and decrease fuel efficiency.
 Depending on the type of spark plugs your vehicle uses, you should
replace your spark plugs every 50,000 to 100,000kms to maximize
power, performance, and fuel economy.
Spark plug wires

 Extreme under-hood temperatures, voltage spikes, debris, or
corrosion can damage plug wires and lead to costly and unwanted car
repairs later on.
 Have your spark plug wires inspected by a Pit Stop car mechanic or
technician when you replace your spark plugs.
Cam belt replacement
You must replace your car’s cam belt to avoid expensive car repairs
and possible engine failure. Please advice make model year along with
mileage and we will tell you when this must be changed.
Water pump
 In most cases this components is driven by the cam belt and usually
requires replacing at the same interval to avoid another costly bill.
Clutch replacement
 Lack of drive or scrunching gears means your clutch needs
attention, bring it in for a quick simple test drive it maybe just an
adjustment, otherwise we can replace the clutch and get you back
on the bed.
Air filter


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 Dirty air filters blocks airflow to your vehicle’s engine and makes it
work harder, causing a decline in horsepower and fuel economy.
 The air filter should be inspected with every oil change. It is not
uncommon, under certain driving conditions, for the air filter to be
replaced frequently.
Fuel filter
 The fuel filter, PVC valve and breather element are often neglected
during a routine tune-up, which can lead to a number of drivability
problems.
 Change them every two years or 30,000 km to ensure proper vehicle
performance and fuel efficiency.
Fuel injection system cleaner
 Rough idle, engine hesitation and declining fuel economy are often
due to fuel system deposits.
 Adding a fuel system cleaner to your gas tank regularly, removes
deposits and restores engine performance and fuel economy.
General car repairs
 A qualified car mechanic or technician has the expertise to diagnose
and repair most engine related faults e.g. over heating related issues.
 Our team of qualified car mechanics and technicians will ensure your
vehicle is repaired to the highest standard to get you back on the road
with minimum delay.
Don’t forget, we have various car repair and car maintenance
packages where well inspect all of the above components and give you a
thoroughly written estimate with whatever work needs to be performed. Pit
Stop is and will always be your one stop for complete car care so get in
touch with us when you need vehicles repair services from a qualified car
mechanic.
The actual schedule of car maintenance varies depending on the year,
make, and model of a car, its driving conditions and driver behavior. Car
makers recommended the so-called extreme or the ideal service schedule
based on the impact parameters such as:
 Number of trips and distance traveled per trip per day
 Extreme hot or cold climate conditions
 Mountainous, dusty or de-iced roads
 Heavy stop-and-go vs. long distance cruising
 Towing a trailer or other heavy load
Experienced service advisors in dealership and independent shops
recommended schedule intervals, which are often in between the ideal or

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extreme service schedule. They base it on the driving conditions and
behavior of the car owner or driver.
Some tasks that have equivalent service intervals are combined into
one single service known as Tune-Up. In modern cars, where electronics
control most of the cars function, the traditional tune-up doesn’t apply any
more. Maintenance jobs like tune-up use to main getting the engines
performance back on track. Today embedded software takes care of it by
constantly checking of thousands of sensor signals, driving on limited power
when the engine is in trouble. In the all days this might have meant a
breakdown.
In some countries, the completed services are recorded in a service
book which is rubber-stamped by the service center upon the completion of
each service. A complete service history usually adds to the resale value of a
vehicle.


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SELF CHECK 1.2-7
Multiple Choice
Instruction: Read the sentence carefully and select the best answer, write
your
answer on your answer sheet.
1. It a type of service in which performed on a new vehicle before it is

delivered to the costumer.
a. Time-based service
b. Distanced-based service
c. First service
d. Pre-delivery service
2. It is usually performed at around 1000 miles or 1500 Kilometers.
Its function is to check the general condition of the vehicle, change
the oil and make any minor adjustments.
c. First service
3. It is type of service that is used to maintain the vehicle at its
optimum condition after a set amount of use.
c. First service
4. It protects a vehicle from deterioration over time rather than from
the amount of use, which is measured by the distance traveled
what type of service do you apply?
c. First service
5. Out of phase services are performed on a vehicle prior to a long trip
and can involve a check of components as well as the replacement
of drive belts, hoses, tires.
c. First service
d. Pre-trip check


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ANSWER KEY 1.2-7
Multiple Choice
1. D
2. C
3. B
4. A
5. D


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TASK SHEET 1.2-7
Title: Routine Service And Maintenance
should be able to diagnose faults of the vehicle and minor irregularities.
Supplies/Materials : Set of hand tools, Coolant, Lubricants
Equipment : Vehicle, safety equipment
1. Preparation and safety.

2. Check the battery.
3. Check leaking includes oil and water.
4. Check oil level (engine oil, transmission gear oil, differential gear
oil)
5. Check water level (radiator and wind shield)
6. Check brakes (fluid level and lines)
7. Check Air pressure of the tire
8. Check accessories (lights, tools, jack, vehicle registration)
9. Check vehicle fuel.
CRITERIA
YES NO
Did you….
1. Undertaken minor routine checks based on

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manufacturer's manual.
2. Followed appropriate precautions and procedures
when servicing/maintaining a vehicle.
3. Checked and adjusted fluid levels following

manufacturer's specifications and workplace
procedures.
4. Checked electrical devices?
5. Used sufficient resources for the task.
JOB SHEET 1.2-8

Title: Minor routine repair & servicing


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Performance Objective: After reading this job sheet the trainee’s
should be able to performed minor routine repair and servicing.
Supplies/Materials : Set of hand tools, Coolant, Lubricants
Equipment : Vehicle, safety equipment
1. Park the vehicle on level area

 Place the vehicle on the level area
 Put some safety wedge
2. Check battery
 Inspect battery electrolyte
 Clean battery from corrosion
 Replace dead battery
3. Check tire
 Measure tire pressure
 Inspect tire wear
 Replace tire if necessary
4. Check cooling system
 Replace broken radiator hose
 Inspect and refill coolant level of the radiator
 Inspect engine fan
 Inspect water level of the wind shield refill if necessary
5. Check electrical system
 Inspect bulb and replace if there is blown bulbs
 Replace tail lights lens
 Replace blown fuse
 Inspect horn
 Replace damaged horn
6. Check mirror
 Clean mirrors
 Adjust mirrors
 Replace broken mirror
7. Check propeller
 Replace cross joint if necessary
 Apply grease to propeller joint
8. Check bolts and nuts
 Retighten loosen bolts and nuts
9. Check brakes

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 Refill brake fluid if necessary
 Identify classification of brake fluid
 Inspect brake lines from bend
 Replace brake shoe and brake pads
10. Check oils
 Identify engine oil
 Change oil if necessary
 Inspect transmission and differential oil refill if necessary
11. Check fan belt
 Retighten loosen belt
 Replace broken fan belt
12. Check wheel bearing
 Repack wheel bearings
 Replace worn out bearings
13. Check steering system
 Check tie rod ends
 Refill power steering fluid if necessary
 Identify the classification of power steering fluid
 Inspect steering gear box
 Inspect ball joint
14. 5s
 Return all the tools and equipment and arrange properly


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CRITERIA
YES NO
Did you….
1. Undertaken minor routine repair and servicing
in accordance with occupational health and
safety procedures and manufacturer's manual.
2. Inspected brakes and appropriate action is
undertaken in accordance with manufacturer's
specifications.
3. Identified complex repair and service
requirements and referred following workplace
procedures.
4. Kept and updated records of routine servicing,
maintenance and repairs in accordance with
workplace procedures.
5. Refilled fluids and oils according to the specific
types of lubricants needed.


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servicing

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LEARNING OUTCOME NO.

1: Clean the vehicle unit

Students/trainees must be provided with the following:

Document No. CBLM-01

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Learning Outcome No.1: CLEAN THE VEHICLE UNIT

Learning Activities Special Instructions

 Answer self-check 1.1-3 Read and understand the

Document No. CBLM-01

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Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S)

Is a cross-disciplinary area concerned with protecting the safety,

Occupational Health and Safety

"Occupational health” should aim at:

1. The promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical,

Carrying Out Minor Prepared by:

Hazard is a situation that poses a level of threat to life, health,

Example of hazards Example of harm caused

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SAFETY WAYS IN CLEANING THE VEHICLE

Document No. CBLM-01

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 Before starting to car pressure washing keep a few safety guidelines in

The following precautions should be followed when Using

 Ensure all electrical tools have double insulation.

Document No. CBLM-01

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Instructions: Write T if the statement is correct and write F If the statement

1. Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S) is a cross-disciplinary area

2. Risk is refers to your freedom from danger.

3. Hazard is the chance or probability that a person will be harmed or

4. Hazard is a situation that poses a level of threat to life, health,

Instruction: Give what is asked in the following statement.

1. What is the aim of Occupational health and safety?

Document No. CBLM-01

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1. "Occupational health” should aim at:

 The promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical,

2. Why safety is important?

3. Safety Guidelines for Pressure Washing a Vehicle

o Remove all jewelry, watches and rings from your hands to

Document No. CBLM-01

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o Never point the power washer at another person. Although

o Wear protective eyeware and wet weather clothing to stay dry

5. Occupational health and safety.

Is a cross-disciplinary area concerned with protecting the

Document No. CBLM-01

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Millions of people wake up in the morning, grab a cup of coffee and

Document No. CBLM-01

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Parts of power train

Document No. CBLM-01

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Basic Engine Principles

Document No. CBLM-01

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4-stroke cycle engine: Each stroke is involved with a separate function

4-Stroke Engine Basic Operation

The operation is as follows -

3. Combustion Stroke - The piston is now forced down by the