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Maths - Science creative education series book - 2
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Magic Maths - 2
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M. Sc. (Physics)
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1 V\SMGL lJlXQ8TFVM
1. VF\S0FVMGL UdDT
2178 × 4 = 8712 ;\bIFGF V\SM p,8L ÔI K[P
48 × 42 = 84 × 24
39 × 31 = 93 × 13
86 × 34 = 68 × 43
24 × 21 = 42 × 12
2. VF\S0FVMGL SDF,
9801 = (99) 2
99980001 = (9999) 2
999998000001 = (999999) 2
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9. 7036 VG[2581 ;\bIFGL lJlXQ8TFVM
(i) 7+0+3+6 =2+5+8+1 = 16
(ii) 70 + 36 = 25 + 81 = 106
(iii) 63 + 07 = 18 + 52 = 70
(iv) 73 + 06 = 28 + 51 = 79
(v) 67 + 30 = 12 + 85 = 97
(vi) 37 + 60 = 82 + 15 = 97
(vii) 7×0+3×6 =2×5+8×1 = 18
(viii) 7×6+0×3 =2×1+5×8 = 42
(ix) 7×3+0×6 =2×8+5×1 = 21
(x) 7 +0 +3 +6 =2 +5 +8 +1
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
= 94
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= 96
10. 5|FS'lTS ;\bIF

8 GL SDF,
1 × 8 + 1 = 9
12 × 8 + 2 = 98
123 × 8 + 3 = 987
1234 × 8 + 4 = 9876
12345 × 8 + 5 = 98765
123456 × 8 + 6 = 987654
1234567 × 8 + 7 = 9876543
12345678 × 8 + 8 = 98765432
123456789 × 8 + 9 = 987654321
11. 76923 ;\bIFGL lJlXQ8TF

76923 × 2 = 153846
76923 × 7 = 538461
76923 × 5 = 384615
76923 × 6 = 461538
RlÊI ÊDDF\ 5NM D/[ K[P

12 
(13)
12. 12 GL SDF,
1 × 12 = 12 (12 + 0)
12 × 12 = 144 (120 + 24)
123 × 12 = 1476 (1440 + 36)
1234 × 12 = 14808 (14760 + 48)
12345 × 12 = 148140 (148080 + 60)
123456 × 12 = 1481472 (1481400 + 72)
1234567 × 12 = 14814804 (14814720 + 84)
12345678 × 12 = 148148136 (148148040 + 96)
123456789 × 12 = 1481481468 (1481481360 + 108)
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12 × 12 = S[
144 K[P ßIF\
144 GL 5FK/0 D}SL T[DF\
12 G[123 GF V[SD 3 J0[
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1440 +S[36 = 1476
 123 × 12 = 1476
(14)
13. 8547 GL lJlXQ8TF
8 5 4 7 × 1 3 = 1 1 1 1 1 1
8 5 4 7 × 2 6 = 2 2 2 2 2 2
8 5 4 7 × 3 9 = 3 3 3 3 3 3
8 5 4 7 × 5 2 = 4 4 4 4 4 4
8 5 4 7 × 6 5 = 5 5 5 5 5 5
8 5 4 7 × 7 8 = 6 6 6 6 6 6
8 5 4 7 × 9 7 = 7 7 7 7 7 7
8 5 4 7 × 1 04 = 8 8 8 8 8 8
8 5 4 7 × 1 17 = 9 9 9 9 9 9
(15)
14. Ul6T l5ZFDL0
0 × 81 + 9 = 9
1 × 81 + 18 = 99
12 × 81 + 27 = 999
123 × 81 + 36 = 9999
1234 × 81 + 45 = 99999
12345 × 81 + 54 = 999999
123456 × 81 + 63 = 9999999
1234567 × 81 + 72 = 99999999
12345678 × 81 + 81 = 999999999
(16)
15. V[SL ;\bIFGL lJlXQ8TF
1 =1 = 13
3+5 =8 = 23
7 + 9 + 11 = 27 = 33
13 + 15 + 17 + 19 = 64 = 43
21 + 23 + 25 + 27 + 29 = 125 = 53
31 + 33 + 35 + 37 + 39 + 41 = 216 = 63
43 + 45 + 47 + 49 + 51 + 53 + 55 = 343 = 73
57 + 59 + 61 + 63 + 65 + 67 + 69 + 71 = 512 = 83
73 + 75 + 77 + 79 + 81 + 83 + 85 + 87 + 89 = 729 = 93
(17)
16. U]Î VG[ U]6SGF V\SM H HJFADF\
21 × 6 = 1 2 6
51 × 3 = 1 5 3
15 × 93 = 1 3 9 5
21 × 87 = 1 8 2 7
35 × 41 = 1 4 3 5
473 × 8 = 3 7 8 4
351 × 9 = 3 1 5 9
(22)
17. U]Î4 U]6S4 U]6FSFZDF\
1 YL9 ;]WLGF TDFD V\SM
138 × 42 = 5796
157 × 28 = 4396
VFJL VgI ALÒ
186 × 39 = 7254 ;\bIFVM DF8[
297 × 18 = 5346 5|IF; SZMP
483 × 12 = 5796
(23)
18. 9109 ;\bIFGL SDF,
9109 × 1 = 09109 V\SMGM ;ZJF/M
19
VlC\IF U]6FSFZDF\
9109 × 2 = 18218 V\SMGM ;ZJF/M
20
VFJ[, 5lZ6FD
9109 × 3 = 27327 V\SMGM ;ZJF/M
21
T5F;MP T[DF\ 5F\R
9109 × 4 = 36436 V\SMGM ;ZJF/M
22
:T\EDF\ H[DF\ ÊD
9109 × 5 = 45545 V\SMGM ;ZJF/M
23
5|DF6[ R0TF 5KL
9109 × 6 = 54654 V\SMGM ;ZJF/M
24
pTZTF 5KL R0TF
9109 × 7 = 63763 V\SMGM ;ZJF/M
25
OZL R0TF4 pTZTF
9109 × 8 = 72872 V\SMGM ;ZJF/M
26
ÊDDF\ V\SM K[P
9109 × 9 = 81981 V\SMGM ;ZJF/M
27
14 
(24)
19. lOAMGFSL ;\bIFGF YM0F U]6WDM"
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5, 8, 13, 21 DF\8 × 13 = 5 × 21 – 1
8, 13, 21, 34 DF\13 × 21 = 8 × 34 + 1
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(28)
20. ;\bIFGM l5ZFlD0
1 × 6 = 6
12 × 6 = 7 2
123 × 6 = 7 3 8
1234 × 6 = 7 4 0 4
12345 × 6 = 7 4 0 7 0
123456 × 6 = 7 4 0 7 3 6
1234567 × 6 = 7 4 0 7 4 02
12345678 × 6 = 7 4 0 7 4 068
123456789 × 6 = 7 4 0 7 4 0734
 RMYF 5U,FGF HJFA DF8[ +LÔ 5U,FGF HJFADF\ HD6L
X}gI D}SL
4 × 6 = 24 pD[ZMP 7380 + 24 = 7404
 K9F 5U,FGF HJFA DF8[ 5F\RDF\ 5U,FGF\ HJFADF\ HD6L
X}gI D}SL
6 × 6 = 36 pD[ZMP 740700 + 36 = 740736
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(1) S[<SI],[8ZDF\ NXSGF V\SGL :JLR
NAFJJF SCMP 6
(2) T[ G\AZG[ A[ J0[ U]6MP 6×2 = 12
(3) 5lZ6FD(2) DF\

2 pD[ZMP 12 + 2 = 14
(4) 5lZ6FD(3) G[5 J0[ U]6MP 14 × 5 = 70
(5) 5lZ6FD(4) DF\ V[SDGM V\S pD[ZMP

70 + 7 = 77
(6) 5lZ6FD(5) DF\YL

10 AFN SZMP 77 – 10 = 67
5lZ6FD(6) lD+GL WFZ[,L ZSD YX[P
;DH WFZM S[ x;\bIF

y V[8,[ S[
10 x + y YX[P
[ (x × 2) + 2] 5 + y – 10 = (2 x + 2) 5 + y – 10
= 10 x + y
1 YL
9 GM RDtSFZ
A B C D
5C[,L CFZ 192 219 273 327
5C[,L CFZ
×2 384 438 546 654
5C[,L CFZ
×3 576 657 819 981
TD[ Ô[. XSM KM

a, b, c,S[
d NZ[S :T\EDF\
1 YL9 GF AWF
H V\SM K[P
16 
(2)2. A[ 5F;F 5ZGF\ V\SM SCL VF5JFP
5C[,F AgG[ 5F;FG[ CFYDF\ ,. 8[A, 5Z O[\SMP
5C[,M ALÔ[
5F;M 5F;M
pNFCZ6
(1) 5C[,F 5F;F 5ZGF\ V\SG[
5 J0[ U]6MP 2×5 = 10
(2) 5lZ6FD(1) DF\

12 pD[ZMP 10 + 12 = 22
(3) 5lZ6FD(2) GF AD6F SZMP 22 × 2 = 44
(4) 5lZ6FD(3) DF\ ALÔ 5F;F 5ZGM V\S44pDZMP

+ 6 = 50
(5) 5lZ6FD(4) DF\

15 pD[ZMP 50 + 15 = 65
U6TZLG]\ K[<,] 5lZ6FD ATFJJF SCMP T[GF 5ZYL HJFA VF
HJFA VF5JFGL ZLT

 K[<,F 5lZ6FDDF\YL
39 AFN SZTF D/TL ;\bIFGM NXSGM V\
5C[,F 5F;F 5ZGM V\S VG[ V[SDGM V\S ALÔ 5F;F 5ZGM
UFl6lTS ;DH
WFZM
x 5C[,F
S[ 5F;F 5Z VG[
y ALÔ 5F;F 5Z
[ (x × 5) + 12 ] 2 + y + 15 = 10 x + 24 + y + 15
= 10 x + y + 39
p5ZGF K[<,F 5lZ6FDDF\YL 39 AFN SZTF\

10 x + y + 39 – 39 = 10 x + y V[8,[ S[
xy ;\bIF
ßIF\ NXSGM V\S 5C[,F 5F;F 5ZGM G\AZ K[P

VG[ V[SDGM V\S ALÔ 5F;F 5ZGM G\AZ K[P
Ul6TDF\ DGMZ\ H GPPP 17

(3)3. TDFZF BF; lD+GM G\AZ SCL VF5JMP
 SM. V[S 5|[1FSG[ 5MTFGF UD[ T[8,F lD+G]\ ,L:8 G\
AGFJJF SCMP T[DF\YL BF; lD+GM G\AZ SCL VF5LX
pNFCZ6
(1) TDFZF BF; lD+GM G\AZ ,BMP 14
(2) T[G[
5 J0[ U]6MP 14 × 5 = 70
(3) 5lZ6FD(2) DF\
5 pD[ZMP 70 + 5 = 75
(4) 5lZ6FD(3) GF AD6F SZMP 75 × 2 = 150
(5) 5lZ6FD(4) DF\
45 pD[ZMP 150 + 45 = 195
(6) 5lZ6FD(5) DF\ V[SDGM VF\S SF-L19GFBMP
(7) 5lZ6FD(6) DF\
44 pD[ZMP 19 + 44 = 63
 K[<,] 5lZ6FD 5}KM VG[ T[GF 5ZYL TD[ TDFZF lD+

lD+GM G\AZ SCL XSXMP
HJFA VF5JFGL ZLT

49 AFN SZJFYL HJFA D/X[P
pNFCZ6DF\
63 – 49 = 14 H[ BF; lD+GM G\AZ K[P
UFl6lTS ;DH
 p5Z 5|DF6[ U6TZL SZXM V[8,[ K[<,] 5lZ6FD lD+GF
SZTF\
49 H[8,L DM8L ;\bIF D/X[P DF8[
49 AFN
T[DF\YL
SZTF\
BF; lD+GM G\AZ D/X[P
5FGF G\AZ
8 x + 48 51 TYF
52 GM HJFA
8
(1) (A) 44 (B) 38 (C) 76 (D) 5 (E) 13 (F) 47
(G) 20 (H) 35 (I) 48 (J) 10
(2) (A) 11 (B) 14 (C) 55
18 
(4)4. lD+GL HgD ;F, T[DH p\DZ SC[JLP
pNFCZ6 HgD ;F, 1981, p\DZ25
lD+G[ S[<SI],[8Z VF5MP pNFCZ6
(1) S[<SI],[8ZDF\ T[GL HgD ;F,
ATFJJF SCMP 1981
(2) T[G[
2 J0[ U]6MP 1981 × 2 = 3962
(3) T[DF\ JQF"GF12DlCGF

pD[ZMP 3962 + 12 = 3974
(4) T[G[
50 J0[ U]6MP 3974 × 50 = 198700
(5) T[DF\ TDFZL p\DZ pD[ZMP

198700 + 25 = 198725
(6) T[DF\ JQF"GF365lNJ;M

pD[ZMP 198725 + 365 = 199090
 U6TZLG]\ K[<,]\ 5lZ6FD SC[JF ;}RJMP T[GF 5ZYL lD

;F, TYF p\DZ SCL XSFI K[P
HJFA VF5JFGL ZLT

K[<,F 5lZ6FDDF\YL
965 AFN SZMP
199090 – 965 = 1981 25
5C[,F RFZ V\SM HgD ;F, VG[ K[<,F A[ V\SM p\DZ YX[
;DH
 HgD ;F, VG[ p\DZ AFH]DF\ ,BTF H[ ;\bIF AG[ K[ T[GF
965 H[8,L JWFZ[ ;\bIF H[8,] K[<,]\ 5lZ6FD D/[ K[P DF8[
5lZ6FDDF\YL965 AFN SZTF D/TL ;\bIFGF 5|YD RFZ V\SM
HgD ;F, ATFJ[ K[ VG[ K[<,F A[ V\SM p\DZ ATFJ[ K[P
GM\W
 H[ HgDGL ;F, ,L5 JQF"DF\(6)CMI
5U,FDF\
TM365 G[ AN,[
366 pD[ZJF SC[J\] VG[ HJFA VF5JF DF8[ K[<,F 5lZ6FD
966 AFN SZL HJFA VF5JMP

(5)5. C\D[XF K[<,]\ 5lZ6FD
6 D[/JMP
S[<SI],[8ZGM p5IMU SZJMP
pNFCZ6
(1) VF9 VF\S0FYL GFGL SM. ;\bIF36 ,BMP
sU6TZLDF\ ;Z/ 50[ T[JL ,BMf
(2) T[G[
4 J0[ U]6MP 36 × 4 = 144
(3) T[DF\
25 pD[ZMP 144 + 25 = 169
(4) T[G[
2 J0[ U]6MP 169 × 2 = 338
(5) T[DF\YL
2 AFN SZMP 338 – 2 = 336
(6) 5lZ6FD(5) G[8 J0[ EFUMP 336  8 = 42
(7) T[DF\YL D}/ ;\bIF AFN SZMP42 – 36 =6
VF 5|SFZGL U6TZLDF\ C\D[XF6K[<,\]

H VFJX[P
5lZ6FD
;DH
(1) WFZ[,L ;\bIF x
(2) T[G[
4 J0[ U]6TF x×4 = 4x
(3) T[DF\
25 pD[ZMP 4 x + 25
(4) T[G[
2 J0[ U]6MP (4 x + 25)2 = 8 x + 50
(5) T[DF\YL
2 AFN SZMP 8 x + 50 – 2 = 8 x + 48
(6) 5lZ6FD(5) G[8 J0[ EFUMP ----------------- =x+6
(7) T[DF\YL D}/ ;\bIF AFN SZMP

x+6– x =x
20 
(6)6. SIF lD+GF SIF CFYDF\ l;ÞM K[ T[ ATFJJ]\P
 TDFZF 36F lD+MDF\YL SM. V[S KõF G\AZGF lD+GF
CFYDF\ l;ÞM K[ T[ TDG[ BAZ GYLP
 TDFZF ;CFISGL DNN ,. U6TZL SZJF SC[J]\P S[<SI],[8
p5IMU SZL XSFIP K[<,F 5lZ6FD 5ZYL HJFA SCL XSFI
pNFCZ6
(1) H[ lD+GF CFYDF\ l;ÞM K[ T[ lD+GM
G\AZ S[<SI],[8ZDF\ ,BJF TDFZF
;CFISG[ SCMP 6
(2) T[G[
5 J0[ U]6MP 6 × 5 = 30
(3) T[DF\
13 pD[ZMP 30 + 13 = 43
(4) T[G[
4 J0[ U]6MP 43 × 4 = 172
(5) T[DF\
88 pD[ZMP 172 + 88 = 260
(6) 5lZ6FD(5) G[2 J0[ EFUMP 260  2 = 130

(7) HM 0FAF CFYDF\ l;ÞM4 pD[ZM4
CMI TM
HD6F CFYDF\ l;ÞM 5CMI
pD[ZMP
TM 130 + 5 = 135
(8) T[DF\
50 pD[ZMP 135 + 50 = 185
 TDFZF ;CFISG[ 5}KM K[<,\] 5lZ6FD S[8,]\ VFjI] m T[G

5ZYL TD[ lD+GM G\AZ TYF l;ÞM ÉIF CFYDF\ K[ T[ SC
HJFA VF5JFGL ZLT

123 AFN SZMP
185 – 123 = 62
 H[ 5lZ6FDDF\ NXSGM VF\S lD+GM G\AZ K[ VG[ Ô[ V[

2 CMI TM HD6M CFY
1 CMI
VG[TM 0FAM CFYP

 VlC\IF K[<,F 5lZ6FDDF\YL
123 AFN SZTF
62 JW[ K[P
DF8[ lD+GM6G\AZ
VG[ HD6M CFY HJFA YX[P
V[8,[ S[ K9F G\AZGF lD+GF HD6F CFYDF\ l;ÞM K[P
 Ô[123 AFN SZTF\ +6 V\SMGL ;\bIF D/[ TM 5C[,F A[ V\S
lD+GM G\AZ K[ VG[ K[<,F V[SDGF VF\S 5ZYL 0FAM CF
CFY GÞL SZL XSFIP
;DH
(1) lD+GM G\AZ x
(2) T[G[
5 J0[ U]6MP x×5 = 5x
(3) T[DF\
13 pD[ZMP 5 x + 13
(4) T[G[
4 J0[ U]6MP (5 x + 13)4 = 20 x + 52
(5) T[DF\
88 pD[ZMP 20 x + 52 + 88 = 20 x + 140
(6) 5lZ6FD(5) G[2 J0[ EFUMP 10 x + 70
(7) HD6F CFYDF\ l;ÞM K[

DF8[
5 pD[ZMP 10 x + 70 + 5
(8) T[DF\
50 pD[ZMP 10 x + 125
HJFA DF8[
123 AFN SZJF SCMP
10 x + 125 – 123 = 10 x + 2
ßIF\ NXSGMx V\S
4 V[SDGM2 V\S
DF8[ lD+GMxG\AZ
T[DH2 V[8,[ HD6F CFYDF\ l;ÞMP
2001 GL H]NL H]NL ZH}VFT

2001 = (1001) 2 – (1000) 2
2001 = (335) 2 – (332) 2
2001 = (55) 2 – (32) 2
2001 = (49) 2 – (20) 2
22 
(7)7. U6TZLGF\ V\S 5|DF6[ WFZ[,]\ 5¿] SF-L VF5J]\P
 5|YD U\Ò5¿FGF N; 5FGF V[S AFH] ZFBL NM VG[ AFSLG
SM. 56 5¿] TDFZF lD+G[ B[\RJF SCM VG[ T[ 5FG] U\Ò
p5Z D}S[ T[D SCMP T[GF 5Z 10AFH]DF\
5¿F D}SMP
D}S[,F
VF ZLT[
T{IFZ SZ[, S[8G[ V[S 8[A,GF BFGFDF\ D}SJF TDFZF l
tIFZ AFN TDFZF lD+G[ S[<SI],[8Z VF5M VG[ TDFZL ;}R
U6TZL SZJF SCMP
pNFCZ6
(1) ;FT VF\S0FYL GFGL SM. 56 ;\bIF
S[<SI],[8ZDF\ ,BJF SCMP 31
(2) T[ ;\bIFG[
100 J0[ U}6MP 31 × 100 = 3100
(3) T[DF\YL D}/ ;\bIF AFN SZMP3100 – 31 = 3069

(4) H[G[ D}/ ;\bIFYL EFUMP 3069  31 = 99
(5) D/[,L ;\bIFG[
9 J0[ EFUMP 99  9 = 11
 TDFZF lD+G[ SCM H[ K[<,]\ 5lZ6FD D?I] K[ T[8,FDF\

TDFZ]\ WFZ[,] 5FG] CX[P lD+ U\Ò5¿FDF\ VlUIFZD\] 5F
T[G]\ WFZ[,]\ 5FG] H CX[P
;DH SM. 56 ;\bIFG[
100 J0[ U]6L T[DF\YL D}/ ;\bIF AFN SZL T[ ;\
J0[ EFUTF CD[\XF 5lZ6FD
99 H D/[ K[ T[G[
9 J0[ EFUTF K[<,]
5lZ6FD11 D/X[P
(ab) 2 + (cd) 2 = (ba) 2 + (dc) 2
YFI T[JL YM0L ;\bIF
;\bIF ab DF\ V[SD NXSGF :YFG AN,TF
ba D/[
;\bIF
K[P T[ H ZLT[
cd DF\ V[SD NXSGF :YFG AN,TF
dc ;\bIF
D/[ K[P
(14) 2 + (87) 2 = (41) 2 + (78) 2
(15) 2 + (75) 2 = (51) 2 + (57) 2
(17) 2 + (84) 2 = (71) 2 + (48) 2
(26) 2 + (97) 2 = (62) 2 + (79) 2
(27) 2 + (96) 2 = (72) 2 + (69) 2

(8)8. U6TZLYL WFZ[,L ;\bIF H D/[ K[P
 TDFZF lD+G[ SM. V[S ;\bIF WFZJF SCMP
sVF9 V\SYL GFGL U6TZLDF\ ;Z/ 50[ T[JL ;\bIF WFZJF
pNFCZ6
(1) S[<SI],[8ZDF\ WFZ[,L ;\bIF ,BJF
215 SCMP
(2) T[G[
2 J0[ U]6MP 215 × 2 = 430
(3) T[DF\YL
16 AFN SZMP 430 – 16 = 414
(4) T[G[
4 J0[ U]6MP 414 × 4 = 1656
(5) T[G[
8 J0[ EFUMP 1656  8 = 207
(6) T[DF\
8 pD[ZMP 207 + 8 = 215
 lD+G[ H6FJM S[ TDFZ]\ 5lZ6FD V[ H TDFZL WFZ[,L ;
T],;LNF;ÒGL RM5F. VG[ Ul6T UdDT
GFD RT}U["G 5\RI]U S'T n{ U]GL A;]EBL

ÒJ RZFRZ HUTD[ T],;L ZFD CL N[BMPPP
VF RM5F.DF\ T],;LNF;Ò ÒJ DF+DF\ ZFDGM JF; K[P T[D ;DÔ
56 VF RM5F.G]\ UFl6lTS DCÀJ VF 5|DF6[ K[P
TDF~ GFD ,MP WFZM S[ GFD T],;LNF;Ò
GFD GFDGF V1FZM U6MP 6
RT}U["G HJFAG[ RFZ J0[ U]6MP 24
5\RI]U HJFADF\ 5F\R pD[ZMP 29
S'T n{ U]GLA[ U6F SZMP 58
A;]EBL VF9 J0[ EFUTF X[QF S[8,L 2m
V[8,[ S[ T],;LNF;ÒGF GFDDF\

2 5lZ6FD V[8,[ S[ ZFDGM JF; K[P
TDFZF GFDGF UD[ T[8,F V1FZM CMI 56 2K[<,[H JWX[
X[QF CD[\X
V[8,[ S[ N]GLIFGF NZ[S DF6;DF\ ZFDGM JF; K[P
24 
9. EF. v aC[GMGL ;\bIF SC[JLP
pNFCZ6 o EF.
= 3, aC[G
=2
pNFCZ6
(1) SM. 56 A[SL ;\bIFG[ T[GL VWL"
lS\DT J0[ EFUMP 2
(2) T[DF\ EF.GL ;\bIF pD[ZMP 2+3=5
(3) T[G[
2 J0[ U]6MP 5 × 2 = 10
(4) T[DF\
1 pD[ZMP 10 + 1 = 11
(5) T[G[
5 J0[ U]6MP 11 × 5 = 55
(6) T[DF\ aC[GMGL ;\bIF pD[ZMP

55 + 2 = 57
(7) T[DF\YL
25 AFN SZMP 57 – 25 = 32
(8) T[G[
3 J0[ U]6MP 32 × 3 = 96
 K[<,] 5lZ6FD SC[JF ;}RG SZMP T[ 5lZ6FD 5ZYL TD[ lD

EF.vaC[GGL ;\bIF SCL XSXMP
HJFA VF5JFGL ZLT

 K[<,F 5lZ6FDG[
3 J0[ EFUM VG[ H[ HJFA D/[ T[DF\ NXSGM
EF.VMGL ;\bIF4 VG[ V[SDGM V\S aC[GMGL ;\bIFP
 VlC\IF K[<,]
(8) D] 5N DF+ JWFZFG]\ H VF%I] K[P BZ[BZ EF
VG[ aC[GMGL ;\bIF ATFJJF (7) D]DF8[
5N H H~ZL K[P 56
UdDTGL lJlXQ8TF JWFZJF
(8) D] 5N VF5[,] K[P
;DH EF. x aC[G

y
2, 2+ x , (2 + x)2 + 1 = 2 x+5
(2 x + 5) 5 + y = 10 x + y + 25 , 10 x + y + 25 – 25
 (7) D] 5lZ6FD10 x + y V[8,[ S[ ;\bIF

xy
 x EF. y aC[G

(10)
10. +6 5{SL SM. V[S 5;\N SZMP H[GM ;ZJF/M h05YL SC[JMP
A B C
B 5
(1) 9 5 01 C 15
(2) 23 19 15 B 21
(3) 25 21 17 A 27
(4) 27 23 19 B 15
(5) 19 15 11 C 13
(6) 21 17 13 C 5
(7) 13 9 5 A 15
(8) 15 11 7 B 7
(9) 11 7 3 B 13
(10) 17 13 9 136
 NZ[S CFZDF\YL ZC[,L +6 ;\bIF 5{SL SM. V[S H ,BJFGL

ZLT[
10 ;\bIF ,BM A,
T[B, C 5{SL SIF :T\EDF\YL 5;\N SZ[, K[
T[ 56 AFH]DF\ ,BMP T[GM ;ZJF/M SZMP
 CJ[ C]\ V[S 5|`G 5}K]\ K]P T[GM HJFA VF5MP
A :T\EDF\YL S[8,L ;\bIF 5;\N SZL K[ VG[
C :T\EDF\YL S[8,L ;\bIF 5;\N SZL K[ T[ SCMP
T[GF HJFA 5ZYL 5;\N 10 SZ[,
;\bIFGM ;ZJF/M h05YL SCL
XSFI K[P
HJFA p5ZGF pNFCZ6DF\ A DF\YL
2 ;\bIF ,LW[, K[P T[DH
C DF\YL
3
;\bIF ,LW[, K[P
 3–2=1 V[8,[ S[
C lJEFUDF\YL H[ ;\bIF ,LW[, K[ T[
A DF\YL ,LW[, ;\bIF1 SZTF
JWFZ[ K[P
 140 – 1× 4 = 136 H[ ;ZJF/M YX[P
 Ô[A DF\YL JWFZ[ ;\bIF ,LW, CMI TM H[8,L JWFZ[ CMI
4 J0[ U]6L
140 DF\ pD[ZJLP
NFPTPÔ[A DF\YL5 ;\bIF4 C DF\YL
2 ;\bIF ,LW, CMI TM
5– 2=3 A DF\ JWFZ[
 T[ ZLT[ 5;\N 10 SZ[,
;\bIFGM ;ZJF/M= 140 + 3 × 4
= 152
 VlC\IFB DF\YL S[8,L ;\bIF 5;\N SZL T[G]\ DCÀJ GYLP
26 
;DH
 B :T\EDF\ DF+ V[D S],
5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23
10
V[SL ;\bIFVM UD[ T[ ÊDDF\ K[P140H[GM
YFI K[P
;ZJF/M
 CJ[ TD[ SM9FDF\ Ô[. XSM KM S[ NZ[S

B DF\ +6
H[ ;\bIF
;\bIFDF\
K[
T[GF SZTF\
4 JWFZ[
A DF\ K[ VG[
4 VMKL
C DF\ K[P
 DF8[A DF\YL
C SZTF H[8,L JWFZ[ ;\bIF ,LW[, K[ T[ H
;ZJF/FDF\
140 YL JWFZ[ S[ VMKL T[ V;Z SZX[ VG[ H[8,L
JWFZ[ S[ VMKL 4CMI
J0[ U]6JFYL
T[G[ H[ D/X[ T[ H ;ZJF/FG[
V;Z SZX[P
 Ô[A DF\YL 5;\N SZ[,L5 ;\bIF

, C DF\YL 5;\N SZ[,L3 ;\bIF
CMI TM
5–3=2
2×4=8 H[8,L lS\DT ;ZJF/FDF\ JWX[P

 ;ZJF/M= 140 + 2 × 4 = 148
 Ô[ A DF\YL 5;\N SZ[, 1;\bIF

CMI VG[
C DF\YL 5;\N SZ[, 4;\bIF
CMI TM4
4 – 1 = 3 ,  3 × 4 = 12 H[8,L lS\DT ;ZJF/FDF\ 38X[P
 ;ZJF/M= 140 – 3 × 4 = 128
 VF ZLT[ JrR[
B :T\E SZTF\
A :T\EDF\
5 JWFZ[ VG[
C DF\
5 VMKL
S[ UD[ T[8,L JWFZ[ S[ VMKL CMI T[JM GJM SM9M A
T[ 5|DF6[ HJFA VF5L XSFIP
 B :T\EDF\ ZC[,L ;\bIFGM140

;ZJF/M
G[ AN,[ ALÔ[ YFI T[ ZLT[
56 SM9M T{IFZ SZL XSFIP
 VF DF8[ JWFZ[ H]NF H]NF SM9FVM AGFJM VG[ Ul6T

DF6MP

(11)
11. NZ[SGM HJFA
6174
VM0LIg;DF\ ZC[, TDFD jIÂÉTVMG[ SM. 56 RFZ VF\S0F
,BJF SCMP sRFZ[ V\SM ;DFG G CMJF Ô[.V[Pf
 WFZ[,L ;\bIFG[ pTZTF ÊDDF\ ,BJF .......SCMP
(1)
 WFZ[,L ;\bIFG[ R0TF ÊDDF\ ,BJF.......
SCMP (2)
 p5ZGL AgG[ ;\bIFGL AFNAFSL SZJF SCMP
....... (3)
 (3) DF\ D/TL ;\bIFG[ OZLYL p5Z 5|DF6[ +6 5UlYIF 5|D
VFU/ JWJF SCMP
 D/TL GJL ;\bIFG[ OZLYL p5ZGF +6 5UlYIF 5|DF6[ VF
JWJF SCMP
 VF H ZLT[ VFU/JWTF H ZC[J]\ ßIFZ[ K[<,] 5lZ6FD ;DFG
H VFJ[ tIFZ[ lÊIF A\W SZMP
 NZ[S jIÂÉTG[ K[<,M 6174HJFA
H D/X[P
GM\W VF56[ 5|YD YL H VF6174
V\SV[S SFU/ 5Z ,BL 8[A,GF
BFGFDF\ D}SL AWFG[ VFüI" 5DF0L XSFI S[ NZ[SGL U
HJFA 5|YDYL H VF56[ SCL NLWM K[P
pNFCZ6
WFZ[,L RFZ VF\S0FGL = 9814;\bIF 8352 DF8[
(1) R0TF ÊDDF\ 9841 (2) R0TF ÊDDF\ 8532
pTZTF ÊDDF\1489 pTZTF ÊDDF\2358
AFNAFSL 8352 6174
6174DF8[
(3) R0TF ÊDDF\ 7641
pTZTF ÊDDF\1467
6174
CJ[ UD[ T[8,L JBT lÊIF SZLX] TM =56 5lZ6FD

6174
GM\W(1) 36L JBT VF lÊIF JWFZ[ JBT 56 SZJL 50[ K[P

6174tIFZ AFN
VFJX[ 56 K[<,[ ;DFG VFJTL6174
;\bIF
H YX[P
(2) Ô[ 5C[,F VG[ ALÔ V\S JrR[GM4 CMI4
TOFJTALÔ
Ô[ VG[ +LÔ
V\S JrR[GM TOFJT
2 CMI VG[ +LÔ VG[ RMYF V\S JrR[G
TOFJT0 CMI TM 5|YD 5|IF;DF\ H6174
5lZ6FD
VFJL ÔI K[P
28 
H[D S[4
;\bIF 7311 7–3 =4
3–1 =2
1–1 =0
R0TF ÊDDF\ 7311

pTZTF ÊDDF\1137
AFNAFSL 6174
(12)
12. 137 ;\bIFGL UdDT DF6M
 137G[ SM. 56 5|FS'lTS ;\bIF J0[ U]6M D/[, U]6FSFZGL ZS
K[<,[YL A[vA[ VF\S0FGF H}Y AGFJMP
 NZ[S H}Y ;\bIFGM JU" SZL T[GM ;ZJF/M SZMP H[ 5lZ
T[G[
137 YL lGoX[QF EFUL XSFI K[P
pNFCZ6
137 × 18 = 2466 YFI K[P T[GF 24, A[ 66
H}Y,MP
CJ[4
24 2
+ 66 2
= 576 + 4356 = 4932 H}Y AGFJM49 , 32
49 + 32 2
2
= 2401 + 1024 = 3425 sVF\S0F H}Y
34 , 25 f
34 2 + 25 2 = 1156 + 625 = 1781 H}Y

(17 , 81)
17 + 81
2 2
= 289 + 6561 = 6850 H}Y
(68 , 50)
68 + 50
2 2
= 4624 + 2500 = 7124 H}Y
(71 , 24)
71 + 24
2 2
= 5041 + 576 = 5617 H}Y
(56 , 17)
56 2 + 17 2 = 3136 + 289 = 3425
 VlC\IF4932 , 3425, 1781, 6850, 7124, 5617 V[ ;\bIFVMG[

137 J0[ lGoX[QF EFUL XSFI K[P
H[D S[4
4932 = 137 × 36
3425 = 137 × 25
1781 = 137 × 13
6850 = 137 × 50
7124 = 137 × 52
5617 = 137 × 41

(12)
13. RFZ ÊlDS ;\bIFGL UdDT
(i) TOFJT V[SGM CMI tIFZ[ JrR[GL A[ ;\bIFGF U]6FSFZD
VG[ K[<,L ;\bIFGM U]6FSFZ AFN SZTF\
2 D/X[P
HJFA CD[XF
H[D S[4
1,2,3,4 DF8[ (2 × 3) – (1 × 4) = 2
4,5,6,7 DF8[ (5 × 6) – (4 × 7) = 2
5,6,7,8 DF8[ (6 × 7) – (5 × 8) = 2
5lZ6FD= 2 × 1 2 =2
(ii) TOFJT A[ CMI T[JL RFZ ;\bIF DF8[ JrR[GL A[ ;\b

U]6FSFZDF\YL 5C[,L VG[ RMYL ;\bIFGM U]6FSFZ AFN
CD[\XF
8 D/X[P
12 , 14 , 16 , 18 DF\(14 × 16) – (18 × 12) =8

21 , 23 , 25 , 27 DF\(23 × 25) – (21 × 27) =8
V[8,[ S[ 5lZ6FD
=2×22=8
(iii) TOFJT +6 CMI T[JL RFZ ;\bIF DF8[ JrR[GL A[ ;\bI

U]6FSFZDF\YL 5C[,L VG[ K[<,L ;\bIFGM U]6FSFZ AFN
CD[\XF
18 D/X[P
12 , 15 , 18 , 21 DF\(15 × 18) – (12 × 21) = 18

101 , 104 , 107 , 110 DF\(104 × 107) – (101 × 110) = 18
5lZ6FD= 2 × 3 2 = 18
 jIF5S 5lZ6FD Ô[ RFZ ÊlDS ;\bIF JrR[GM ÊlDS

a CMITOFJT
TM JrR[GL A[ ;\bIFGF U]6FSFZDF\YL 5C[,L VG[ RMY
U]6FSFZ SZTF 2HJFA
× a 2 = 2a 2 D/X[P
H[D S[4
n , n + a , n + 2a , n + 3a
 (n + a) (n + 2a) – n (n + 3a) = 2a 2
30 
(13)
14. GJZ\U5]ZFGF 5LG SM0 G\AZVG[
380009
HFDGUZGM 5LG SM0361001
G\AZ GL lJlXQ8TFVM
(1) 417822;\bIFG[ +6 JFZ AFH] AFH]DF\ ,BTF D/TL V-FZ VF\

;\bIFG[
;\bIF417822 417822 417822 G[380009 J0[ EFUTF X}gI X[QF
(2) 405088;\bIFG[ +6 JFZ AFH] AFH]DF\ ,BTF D/TL V-FZ V\S

;\bIFG[
;\bIF405088 405088 405088 G[380009 J0[ EFUTF X}gI X[QF

;\bIFG[
380009 J0[ EFUTF X[QF X]E 786;\bIF
D/[ K[P
;\bIF719449 719449 719449 G[380009 J0[ EFUTF 786X[QF

;\bIFG[
;\bIF159885 159885 159885 G[361001 J0[ EFUTF X[QF X}gI
(5) 209409 ;\bIFG[ +6 JFZ AFH] AFH]DF\ ,BTF D/TL V-FZ VF\
;\bIFG[361001 J0[ EFUTF X[QF X]E 786;\bIF
209409 209409 209409 G[361001 J0[ EFUTF X[QF
= 786
s:JP 5|JL6EF. DC[TFGF ,MSlJ7FG S[gãGF 5|JRGDF\YLf
564863 ;\bIFGL lJlXQ8TF

 564863 VG[ T[G[ p,8FJJFYL D/TL ;\bIFGF
368465
TOFJT 226368 G[786 J0[ lGoX[QF EFUL XSFI K[P
 5648 VG[63 GL JrR[ UD[ T[8,L
79 ,.
JFZD/TL ;\bIF
VG[ T[G[ p,8FJJFYL D/TL ;\bIFGF TOFJTG[ 786 56
J0[ lGoX[QF EFUL XSFI K[P

(14)
15. +6 J:T]DF\YL S. J:T] SM6[ ,LW[, K[P
 ;F{ 5|YD GJ jIÂÉTGF U|]5DF\ NZ[S lD+G[ ÊD G\AZ VF5
VG[ V[ GJDF\YL SM. 56 +6 jIÂÉTG[ VG]ÊD[ Ul6T4 lJ
VG[ V\U|[ÒG]\ V[SvV[S 5]:TS VF5M VG[ GLR[ 5|DF6[
SZJF SCMP K[<,F 5lZ6FD 5ZYL TD[ SCL XSXM S[ S[8,F
jIlST 5F;[ ÉI] 5]:TS K[ VF DF8[ TDFZF ;CFIS TZLS[ V[S
jIÂÉTGM p5IMU SZMP S[<SI],[8Z 56 U6TZLDF\ JF5ZL
pNFCZ6 WFZMUl6TG]\
S[ 5]:TS3 G\AZGL jIÂÉT 5F;[ K[P
lJ7FGG]\ 5]:TS7 G\AZGL jIÂÉT 5F;[ K[P
V\U|[ÒG]\ 5]:TS
4 G\AZGL jIÂÉT 5F;[ K[P
sUdDT SZFJGFZG[ p5ZGL DFlCTL GYLf
U6TZL DF8[ GLR[ 5|DF6[ ;]RG SZMP

pNFCZ6
(1) H[GL 5F;[ Ul6TG]\ 5]:TS K[ T[GM
ÊDF\S G\AZ S[<SI],[8ZDF\ ,BMP
3
(2) T[DF\
1 pD[ZMP 3+1=4
(3) 5lZ6FD(2) G[100 J0[ U]6MP 4 × 100 = 400
(4) 5lZ6FD(3) DF\ lJ7FGG]\ 5]:TS H[GL
5F;[ K[ T[ jIÂÉTGM ÊDF\S G\AZ400 +pD[ZMP
7 = 407
(5) 5lZ6FD(4) DF\
3 pD[ZMP 407 + 3 = 410
(6) 5lZ6FD(5) G[100 J0[ U]6MP 410 × 100 = 41000
(7) 5lZ6FD(6) DF\ V\U|[ÒG]\ 5]:TS H[GL
5F;[ K[ T[GM ÊDF\S G\AZ pD[ZMP
41000 + 4 = 41004
(8) 5lZ6FD(7) DF\
5 pD[ZMP 41004 + 5 = 41009
 K[<,]\ 5lZ6FD S[8,]\ VFjI] T[ TDFZF ;CFISG[ 5}KMP T[G

T]ZT H HJFA VF5L XSXM S[ S. S. jIÂÉT 5F;[ SI]\ SI\] 5]:T
32 
HJFA VF5JFGL ZLT
 K[<,\] 5lZ6FD 5F\R VYJF K V\SMGL ;\bIF CX[P T[DF\
V\SGL ;\bIF CMI TM 5|YD 0:YFG D}SL5ZK V\SMGL ;\bIF
AGFJJL VG[ tIFZ AFN ÊlDS A[vA[ V\SMGL +6 ;\bIF AGF
 VF56[ U6TZL SZFJTL(2)JBT[ 5U,FDF\ 1 pD[ZJFG]\ Sæ]
(5) K[P
5U,FDF\ 3 pD[ZJFG]\ Sæ](8) 5U,FDF\
K[P 5 pD[ZJFG]\ Sæ] K[P DF8[
1 3 5 V[ VF56M SM0 G\AZ YX[P
 H[ A[vA[ V\SMGL ;\bIF AGL K[P T[DF\1 5C[,L AFN ;\bIFDF\
SZMP ALÒ ;\bIFDF\YL3 AFN SZMP +LÒ ;\bIFDF\YL
5 AFN SZTF
H[ ;\bIF JWX[ T[ jIÂÉTVM 5F;[ VG]S|D[ Ul6T4 lJ7FG4 V\
5]:TSM CX[P
 VlC\IF K[<,\] 5lZ6FD41009
 0 4 1 0 0 9 DF\YL +6 ;\bIF 04 , 10 , 09
CJ[04 – 1 = 3 Ul6TG]\ 5]:TS CX[P
10 – 3 = 7 lJ7FGG]\ 5]:TS CX[P
09 – 5 = 4 V\U|[ÒG]\ 5]:TS CX[P
;DH  Ul6TG]\ 5]:TS H[GL 5F;[ K[ T[ jIÂÉTGF 1 pD[ZL
ÊDF\SA[G\AZDF\
JBT 100 J0[ U]ÎF K[ V[8,[ S[100 = 10000 J0[ U]ÎF
100 ×
K[P DF8[ T[GL V;Z 5|YD VG[ ALÔ V\S 5Z YX[ 1 T[DF\YL
AFN SZTF\ T[ ÊDF\S D/L HFI K[P
 lJ7FGG]\ 5]:TS H[GL 5F;[ K[ T[ jIÂÉTGF\ 3 pD[ZL
ÊDF\S G\AZD
VG[ 5KL V[S JBT100 J0[ U]ÎF K[P V[8,[ T[GL V;Z K[<,F
5lZ6FFDDF\ +LÔ VG[ RMYF V\S 5Z 50X[ DF8[ T[ +LÔ V
V\SGL AGTL ;\bIFDF\YL
3 AFN SZJFYL lJ7FGG]\ 5]:TS H[ jIÂÉT
5F;[ K[ T[ ÊDF\S D/L HX[P
 V\U|[ÒG]\ 5]:TS H[GL 5F;[ K[ T[ jIÂÉTGF\
5 pD[ZJFÊDF\SDF\
SC[, K[
VG[ ALÒ SM. lÊIF GYL DF8[ K[<,F 5lZ6FDGF K[<,F A[ V
5 AFN SZTF\ V\U|[ÒG]\ 5]:TS H[GL 5F;[ K[ T[GM ÊDF\S
GM\W ,LW[, K[P T[G[ AN,[ ALÒ ;\bIF 56 ,. XSFI VG[ T[

1, 3, 5
,LW[, ;\bIF4 K[<,F 5lZ6FDDF\YL AG[,L A[vA[ V\SGL
;\bIFDF\YL AFN SZL HJFA VF5L XSFIP

(15)
16. WFZ[,L A[ V\SMGLxy;\bIF
DF\YL
xy7 AGFJJLP
 SM. 56 A[ V\SGL ;\bIF WFZJF SM. 5|[1FSG[ SCMP VG[ T
SZJF S[<SI],[8Z VF5MP
pNFCZ6
(1) WFZ[,L ;\bIF S[<SI],[8ZDF\ ,BJF 51
SCMP
(2) T[ ;\bIFG[
3 J0[ U]6MP 51 × 3 = 153
(3) T[DF\
2 pD[ZMP 153 + 2 = 155
(4) T[G[
3 J0[ U]6MP 155 × 3 = 465
(5) T[DF\ WFZ[,L ;\bIF pD[ZMP 465 + 51 = 516
(6) T[DF\
1 pD[ZMP 516 ± 1 = 517
 TD[ WFZ[,L x;\bIF

y DF\YL
xy7 AGL U.P
;DH
 VlC\IF WFZ[,L x;\bIF
y DF\YL
xyn ßIF\n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
8, 9 56 AGFJL XSFIP
 K[<,F 5lZ6FDDF\ Ô[ V[SDGM nV\S ,[JFGM
SM.56 CMI TM4
H[ ,[JFGM CMI T[
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
V[SDGM nV\S
(6) 5U,FDF\
pD[ZJF SC[J]–5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3
 A[ V\SYL JWFZ[ DM8L ;\bIF 56 WFZL XSFIP

 D}/ ;\bIFG[
x SCLV[ TM4
(1) x (2) 3 x (3) 3 x + 2 (4) (3 x + 2) 3 = 9 x + 6
(5) 9 x + 6 + x = 10 x + 6 (6) 10 x + 6 + 1 = 10 x + 7
DF8[ D}/ ;\bIFG[

10 J0[ U]6FSFZ SZJFYL T[ V[S :YFG VFU
HX[ VG[ V[SDGF :YFG 7 VFJL
5ZÔI K[P
34 
(16)
17. WFZ[,L ;\bIF SCL VF5JLP
pNFCZ6
(1) TD[ WFZ[,L ;\bIFG[
S[<SI],[8ZDF\ ,BMP 3287
(2) T[DF\
325 pD[ZMP 3287 + 325 = 3612
(3) T[G[
2 J0[ U]6MP 3612 × 2 = 7224
(4) T[DF\YL
150 AFN SZMP 7224 – 150 = 7074
(5) T[G[
2 J0[ EFUMP 7074 2 = 3537
 K[<,]\ 5lZ6FD SC[JF ;}RJMP T[GF 5ZYL TD[ WFZ[,L ;

XSXMP
HJFA VF5JFGL ZLT

250 AFN SZJFYL WFZ[,L ;\bIF D/X[P
 VlC\IF3537 – 250 = 3287 H[ WFZ[,L ;\bIF K[P
;DH
 WFZ[,L ;\bIFDF\
325 pD[ZL
2 J0[ U]ÎF V[8,[ WFZ[,L ;\bIFGF
AD6F SZL T[DF\
650 pD[IF"4 T[DF\YL
150 AFN SZTF\ WFZ[,L ;\bIFGF
AD6FDF\
500 pD[IF" VG[2 T[G[
J0[ EFUTF D}/ ;\bIF 250
SZTF\
JWFZ[ YX[ T[YL K[<,F 5lZ6FDDF\YL
250 AFN SZTF\ WFZ[,L ;\bIF
D/X[P
(1) x
(2) x + 325
(3) (x + 325) 2 = 2 x + 650
(4) 2 x + 650 – 150 = 2 x + 500
(5) x + 250
 WFZ[,L ;\bIF 5lZ6FD

(5) DF\YL
250 AFN SZJFYL D/[ K[P

(17)
18. 2006 G]\ ÔN]. RÊ AGFJJ]\P
29 3
322
1 7
199 0
2 15 6
1 7
10 5
102
314
218
239
96
3
121
164
50 9
134
96
67 19
3482
501
105
67
137
51 62
180
162
305
187
283
99
96
129
145
202
231
169
208
 VlC\IF HZF RMÞ;F.YL Ô[XM TM DF,]D 50X[ S[ NZ[S 5C

,B[, ;\bIF 501 K[P
ALÔ RÊDF\ ;FD ;FD[GL ;\bIFGM 101 K[P
;ZJF/M
+LÔ RÊDF\ ;FD ;FD[GL ;\bIFGM 201 ;ZJF/M
K[P
RMYF RÊDF\ ;FD ;FD[GL ;\bIFGM 301 K[P;ZJF/M
5F\RDF\ RÊDF\ ;FD ;FD[GL ;\bIFGM 401 K[P;ZJF/M
K9F RÊDF\ ;FD ;FD[GL ;\bIFGM 501 K[P
;ZJF/M
VG[501 + 101 + 201 + 301 + 401 + 501 = 2006 YFI K[P
 VF AWF RÊMGL l+ßIF DM8L DM8L ,[TF H. RÊM V,
AGFJJFDF\ VFJ[ VG[ S[gãDF\YL SM. :Ê]YL Ô[0L UD[ T
Â:YlTDF\ ZFBTF
11 ;\bIFGM
56 ;ZJF/M
2006 YFI K[P
 VFJM H ÔN]. 6RÊ

YL JWFZ[ S[ VMKF ,. VG[ V[S lJEFUG
;ZJF/M VgI SM. RMÞ; ;\bIF
1001 S[501 YFI T[D T{IFZ SZMP
 JrR[GF RÊDF\ UD[ T[ ;\bIF D}SL BF; RMÞ;F.YL U6TZ

ÔN]. RÊ AGFJL XSFIP
36 
19. 1 YL36 ;\bIFGF K EFUGM ;ZJF/M ;DFG
V[S ZLT 1 2 3 4 5 6
12 11 10 9 8 7
13 14 15 16 17 18
24 23 22 21 20 19
25 26 27 28 29 30
36 35 34 33 32 31
111 111 111 111 111 111
ALÒ ZLT1 7 8 9 10 11
12 2 13 14 15 16
17 18 3 19 20 21
22 23 24 4 25 26
27 28 29 30 5 31
32 33 34 35 36 6
111 111 111 111 111 111
5C[,L ZLTDF\
 5C[,L CFZDF\
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
 ALÒ CFZDF\ p,8F 7,ÊDDF\ 8, 9, 10, 11, 12
 VF H ZLT[ +LÒ CFZDF\ 13 YL18, RMYL CFZDF\ p,8F 19 ÊDDF\
YL24, 5F\RDL CFZDF\25 YL 30 4 K9L CFZDF\ p,8F31ÊDDF\
YL
36.
<
<
<
ALÒ ZLTDF\
 lJS6"DF\
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 ,BL VG[ 5KL BF,L HuIFDF\
7 YL
ÊlDS
36 ;\bIF ,B[, K[P
 VF H ZLT[
1 YL49 DF8[ ;\bIFGF
7 EFU 5F0M S[ H[YL
7 EFUH[
D/[ T[GM ;ZJF/M ;DFG YFIP

(20)
20. OZL 5FKL D}/ :YFG 5|F%T SZJ]\P
 SM. 56 A[ V\SMGL
40 YL VMKL CMI T[JL ;\bIF ,. T[GF V[SDG
VF\SG[
4 J0[ U]6L T[DF\ NXSGM V\S pD[ZTF D/TL ;\bIFG
p5Z 5|DF6[ H lÊIF SZTF\ ZCM TM K9F 5UlYIF 5Z V[ H
D/[ K[P sVFDF\ V5JFN~5 ;\bIF 56 K[ T[ XMWMPf
H[D S[4
(i) 25 5×4+2 = 22 , 2×4+2 = 10
0×4+1 = 01 , 1×4+0 = 04
4×4+0 = 16 , 6×4+1 = 25
(ii) 34 , 19 , 37 , 31 , 7 , 28 , 34
(iii) 29 , 38 , 35 , 23 , 14 , 17 , 29
H[DF\
13, 26, 39 H[JL ;\bIF V5JFN ~5 K[ T[ GM\WMP
 VF H ZLT[ l+SM6DF\ 56 VF H ZLT[ D}/ :YFG 5Z VFJL

SM. 56 l+SM6DF\ SM. V[S
BC AFH]
5Z P lAgN] ,MP
P DF\YL
AB G[ ;DF\TZ Z[BFB\0
PQ NMZMP
A
Q DF\YL
BC G[ ;DF\TZ Z[BFB\0
QR NMZMP
U T
R DF\YL
AC G[ ;DF\TZ Z[BFB\0
RS NMZMP
R Q
S DF\YL
AB G[ ;DF\TZ Z[BFB\0
ST NMZMP
B C T DF\YL
BC G[ ;DF\TZ Z[BFB\0
TU NMZMP
S P
U DF\YL
AC G[ ;DF\TZ Z[BFB\0
UP NMZMP
 KõF 5UlYI[ OZL

P 5F;[ H 5CM\RL XSFI K[P
VFDF SM. V5JFN ~5 l:YlT K[ S[ S[D T5F;MP
38 
(21)
21. 11 , 111 , 1111 , 2222 , 3333 J0[ U]6JFP
 6283 × 11 = 69113
5|YD 5U,]\= 6 = 06 6 8013
ALH] 5U,\]
=6+2 =8 0 1 1 0
+LH] 5U,]\= 2 + 8 = 10 6 9 1 1 3
RMY] 5U,]\
= 8 + 3 = 11 s+F\;F ,BL ;ZJF/M SZMPf
5F\RD] 5U,]\
=3 = 03
s6 CMI TM
06 , 3 CMI TM 03 ,BJFf
 6283 × 111 = 697413

5|YD 5U,\]= 6 = 06 6 8 6 3 1 3
ALH] 5U,]\= 6 + 2 = 08 0 1 1 1 0
+LH] 5U,]\= 6 + 2 + 8 = 16 6 9 7 4 1 3
RMY] 5U,]\= 8 + 3 = 11 s+F\;F ,BL ;ZJF/M SZMPf
5F\RD]\ 5U,]\
=3 = 03
 6283 × 1111 = 6980413

5|YD 5U,]\= 6 = 06 6 8 6 9 3 1 3
ALH] 5U,]\= 6 + 2 = 08 0 1 1 1 1 0
+LH] 5U,]\= 6 + 2 + 8 = 16 6 9 8 0 4 1 3
RMY] 5U,]\= 6 + 2 + 8 + 3 = 19 s+F\;F ,BL ;ZJF/M SZMPf
5F\RD] 5U,]\
= 2 + 8 + 3 + 13
K9] 5U,]\ = 8 + 3 = 11
;FTD] 5U,]\
=3 = 03
 6283 × 2222 = 13960826

p5ZGL U6TZLDF\1111
ßIFZ[
;FY[GL U6TZLDF\ H[ 5NM D/[ K[ T
AWFGF AD6F SZL +F\;M ;ZJF/M SZJMP
2 6 2 8 6 2 6
1 1 3 3 2 2 0
1 3 9 6 0 8 2 6 s+F\;F ,BL ;ZJF/M SZMPf
 V[ H ZLT[
3333 J0[ U]6JFGF CMI
1111TM
GL U6TZLDF\ H[
D/[ T[GF +6 U6F SZL +F\;M ;ZJF/M SZJFYL 5lZ6FD D/X
22. A[vA[ VF\S0FGL +6 RlÊI ;\bIFGM ;ZJF/M SZJMP
 A[vA[ VF\S0FGL +6 ;\bIF ,BJF SM. 5|[1FSG[ SC[J]]\P T
RlÊI ;\bIF ,BL ;ZJF/M SZJF SC[J]\P T[ V[S SFU/ 5Z GM
ZFB[P
 TD[ DF+ V[8,] 5}KM S[ S. A[vA[ VF\SGL ;\bIF WFZ[,
5ZYL T[6[ ,B[,L +6 RlÊI ;\bIFGM ;ZJF/M h05YL SCL XSX
pNFCZ6
lD+V[ ,B[, +6 A[vA[ V\SGL ;\bIF
23 , 54 , 97
T[GL RlÊI ;\bIF
23 54 97
54 97 23
97 23 54 H[GM ;ZJF/M SZL V[S H]NF SFU/ 5Z ,BL
,[JF SCMP TD[ h05YL HJFA VF5L XSXM
HJFA VF5JFGL ZLT

23 + 54 + 97 = 174
 p5ZGL +6[ ;\bIFGM ;ZJF/M

1 75 75 74 YX[P
sH[ ATFJJF ;M GF1 V\SVG[ AFSLGF A[ 74 V\S
GL JrR[
1 + 74 = 75 A[ JBT D}SJFPf
 Ô[ ,LW[, +6 ;\bIFGM ;ZJF/M A[ V\SDF\ D/TM CMI TM

VFU/0 D}SL +6 V\S ,[JFP NFPTP WFZ[,L A[vA[
23, V\SGL ;\
36, 17 CMI TM ;ZJF/M
23 + 36 + 17 = 76.
 H[G[076 TZLS[ ,. ,LW[, A[vA[ V\SGL +6 ;\bIFYL D/TL RlÊI

;\bIFGM ;ZJF/M = 0767676 YX[P 0H[VG[76 GL JrR[
(0 + 76 = 76) A[ JBT D}SJFP 5lZ6FD T5F;MP
23 36 17
36 17 23
17 23 36
76 76 76
40 
JWFZ[ pNFCZ6
v1
A[ v A[ V\SMGL +6 ;\bIF
68 , 74 , 81
68 74 81
74 81 68
81 68 74 GM ;ZJF/M h05YL68
SZJF
+ 74 + 81 = 223
 ;ZJF/M2 25 25 23
(2 VG[23 JrR[ 2s + 23 f = 25 A[ JBT D}SJFP
)
pNFCZ6 v2
A[ v A[ V\SMGL +6 ;\bIF
56 , 31 , 46
 +6 RlÊI ;\bIF 56 31 46
31 46 56
46 56 31 GM ;ZJF/M h05YL SZJF
,LW[, +6 ;\bIFVMGM ;ZJF/M56SZTF\
+ 31 + 46 = 133
 +6 RlÊI ;\bIFGM ;ZJF/M

1 34 34 33
s1 VG[33 GL JrR[
1 + 33 = 34 A[ JBT D}SJFf
GM\W
(1) HM VF H ZLT[ A[vA[ V\SMGL RFZ ;\bIF ,.V[ TM RlÊ
;\bIFGM ;ZJF/M p5Z 5|DF6[ H YX[P H[DF\ H[ A[vA[ V\S
;\bIF ,LW[, K[ T[GF ;ZJF/FDF\ ;MGM V\S VG[ K[<,F A[
JrR[ +6 JBT T[ A[GM ;ZJF/M D}SJMP
pNFP A[vA[ V\SGL RFZ ;\bIFGM 256;ZJF/M
YFI TM T[ RFZ
RlÊI ;\bIF AGX[ T[GM 2;ZJF/M
58 58 58 56 YX[P
(2) Ô[ A[vA[ V\SGL 5F\R ;\bIF ,. VG[ T[GL RlÊI 5F\R ;\bIF
;ZJF/M SZJF VF5[,L 5F\R A[vA[ V\SGL ;\bIFGF ;ZJF/FDF\
V\S VG[ K[<,L A[ ;\bIFGL JrR[ T[ A[ GM ;ZJF/M RFZJFZ

23. SM. 56 ;\bIFG[ 7 J0[ EFUTF X[QFGL lS\DT h05YL SC[JLP
G[7 J0[ EFUTF S[8,L X[QF JW[ T[ XMWJF ;\b

529 × 339 × 727
U]6FSFZ SZJFGL H~Z GYLP
529 G[7 J0[ EFUTF X[QF
4

3

6 JW[ K[P
 4 × 3 × 6 = 72 G[7 J0[ EFUTF

2 X[QF JW[ K[P
 529 × 339 × 727 G[7 J0[ EFUTF 56
2 X[QF JWX[P
V[SYL JWFZ[ ;\bIFVM U]6FSFZDF\ CMI TM T[DF\GL S

7 J0[ EFUTF X[QF Ô[ X}gI D/[ TM T[GL ;FY[ UD[ T[
U]6FSFZDF\ CMI TM 7 J0[
56EFUTF
T[G[ X[QF X}gI H D/[P
 (137 × 256) + (651 × 302) + 431 G[7 J0[ EFUTF X[QF S[8,L m
2
4
0
1
4
CJ[ VF JW[,L X[QFG[ D}/ ;\bIFGF :J~5DF\ ,BMP

(2 × 4) + (0 × 1) + 4 = 12
5 D/[ K[P
 VF5[,L ;\bIFG[
7 J0[ EFUTF =
X[QF
5

94
5C[,L GHZ[ N[BFTL I]JFG :+LGF RC[ZFDF\ SFGGM EFU K[ T[ J'wW :+LGL GLR[
N=lQ8 SZTL VF\B K[ T[DH I]JFG :+LGF RC[ZFGM EFU V[ J'wW :+LG]\
GFS K[P
42 
 16 13 G[7 J0[ EFUTF X[QF S[8,L m
V[8,[16 × 16 ×16 ... ... ... 13 JBT K[P
16 13
16 G[7 J0[ EFUTFX[QF =2 VlC\IF16 × 16 ... 13 JBT
 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 ... .. ... 13 JBT
8×8×8×8×2 = 16 × 8 × 8 × 8
16 G[7 J0[ EFUTFX[QF
=2
=1
 2 × 1 × 1 × 1 = 2 G[7 J0[ EFUTF 2X[QF

JW[P
 16 13 G[7 J0[ EFUTF 2 X[QFP
 VF ZLT[ SM. 56 DM8L ;\bIFG[ UD[ T[ ;\bIF J0[ EFUTF X

5|DF6[ h05YL XMWL XSFIP
pNFCZ6
(1) 369 × 705 × 813 × 212 G[11 J0[ EFUTF X[QF S[8,L m
6
1
10
3
CJ[6 × 1 × 10 × 3 = 180 G[11 J0[ EFUTF 4X[QF

D/[ K[P
 VF5[,L DM8L ;\bIFG[ 11 J0[ EFUTF X[QF
4 D/X[P
(2) (576 + 373) 231 + 622 G[13 J0[ EFUTF S[8,L X[QF JWX[ m
4
6
10
11
CJ[ X[QFG[ VF5[, ZSDGF :J~5DF\ ,BTF4

(4 + 6) 10 + 11 = 111
G[13 J0[ EFUTF X[QF
111 7 JW[ K[P
 VF5[,L ZSDG[
13 J0[ EFUTF
7 X[QF JWX[P

24. SM. 56 ;\bIFG[ 9 J0[ EFUJFYL ;Z/TFYL X[QF XMWL
XSFI K[P
52367894 G[9 J0[ EFUTF X[QF S[8,L m
 ÊD 5|DF6[ ;ZJF/M SZTF\ 9ÔJ
YLVG[
JWFZ[ VFJ[ 9 SF-L
tIFZ[
AFSLGL lS\DT ,. VFU/ ;ZJF/M SZM VG[ K[<,[9 J0[5lZ6FDG[
EFUTF H[ X[QF JW[ K[ T[ H VF5[,L
9 J0[ EFUTF
;\bIFG[X[QF
D/[ K[P
 T[DF\YL
5 + 2 + 3 = 10 9 SF-L GFBTF\
1 JW[ K[ T[ VFU/ ,[TF\4
1 + 6 + 7 = 14 DF\YL9 SF-L GFBTF\
5 JW[ K[ T[ VFU/ ,[TF\4
5 + 8 = 13 DF\YL9 SF-L GFBTF4 JW[ K[ T[ VFU/ ,[TF\4
4 + 9 = 13 DF\YL9 SF-L GFBTF4 JW[ K[ T[ VFU/ ,[TF\4
4 + 4 = 8 H[ X[QF YX[P
 VF5[,L ;\bIFG[ 9 J0[ EFUTF8 X[QFP
25. SM. 56 DM8M U]6FSFZ ;FRM K[ S[ GlC T[ T5F;JF

DF8[ 56 X[QF D[/JJFGL 5âlT p5IMUL AG[ K[P
H[D S[4
5231 × 378 × 253 = 500261454
U]6FSFZ ;FRM K[ S[ GlC T[ T5F;JFP
5231 G[9 J0[ EFUTF X[QF5XMWJF
+ 2 + 3 + 1 = 11
11G[9 J0[ EFUTF2 X[QF
+ 7 + 8 = 18
18 G[9 J0[ EFUTF0 X[QF

+ 5 + 3 = 10
10 G[9 J0[ EFUTF
1 X[QF
0FAL AFH]DF\
2 × 0 × 1 = 0 G[9 J0[ EFUTF = X[QF
0
HD6L AFH]DF\
5 + 0 + 0 + 2 + 6 + 1 + 4 + 5 + 4 = 27 G[9 J0[
EFUTF X[QF
=0
 0FAL AFH]
9 J0[ EFUTF X[QF =0,
HD6L AFH] 9 J0[ EFUTF X[QF = 0 DF8[
U]6FSFZ ;FRM YFI T[ XÉI K[P
44 
(26)
26. 7 J0[ EFUTF X[QF X}gI D/[ T[JL ;\bIF ,FJL VF5JLP
TDFZF lD+G[ S[<SI],[8Z VF5MP
 A[4 +6 S[ JWFZ[ DM8L ZSDGM U]6FSFZ SZJF SCMP
 tIFZ AFN TD[ V[S651
;\bIF
J0[ U]6JF SCMP
 HJFAG[
7 J0[ EFUL X[QF XMWJF SCMP
 TD[ V[S lRõLDF\ X[QF VD]S K[ T[ ,BLG[ D}SL ZFB[, C

 TDFZF lD+G[ BFG] BM,L T[ SFU/ HMJF SCM T[ VFüI" V
SFU/ 5Z X]\ ,BXM m

 TDFZF 5lZ6FDJF/L ;\bIFG[
7 J0[ EFUTF X[QF X}gI JW[ K[P
UFl6lTS ;DH
 TD[651 J0[ U]6JFG]\ Sæ]\7 J0[
K[ T[G[
EFUTF X[QF
= 0 , DF8[
651
G[ UD[ T[8,L ;\bIF J0[ U]6XM TM 7 J0[T[
EFUTF
;\bIFG[X[QF X}gI
H VFJX[P
VF\S0FVM ;FY[ UdDT

987654321VF\S0FVMG[ V[ H ÊDDF\ ZFBL V[S VYJF A
V\SMGL ;\bIF AGFJL( + )JrR[
VYJF( – ) D}SL 5lZ6FD
100 VFJ[ T[JF YM0F pNFCZ6MP
9 – 8 + 7 + 65 – 4 + 32 – 1 = 100
9 + 8 + 76 + 5 + 4 – 3 + 2 – 1 = 100
98 + 7 – 6 – 5 + 4 + 3 – 2 + 1 = 100
98 – 7 – 6 – 5 – 4 + 3 + 21 = 100
9 – 8 + 76 + 54 – 32 + 1 = 100
98 – 76 + 54 + 3 + 21 = 100
– 9 + 8 + 76 + 5 – 4 + 3 + 21 = 100
– 9 – 8 + 76 – 5 + 43 + 2 + 1 = 100
CH] JWFZ[ pNFCZ6M D/L XS[P 5|IF; SZMP

(27)
27. RFZ H]NF H]NF V\SMGL ;\bIFGL RlÊI ;\bIFGM
;ZJF/M h05YL SC[JMP
WFZM S[ 2561
;\bIF T[GL RlÊI ;\bIF
24 YX[P
2561 2516 2651 2615 2165 2156
5261 5216 5621 5612 5162 5126
6251 6215 6521 6512 6152 6125
1256 1265 1625 1652 1562 1526
 VF ;\bIFGM ;ZJF/M SZTF\ S[8,M ;DI ,FUX[ m

T[ h05YL VF 5|DF6[ SZL XSXMPPPP
2 + 5 + 6 + 1 = 14 , 14 G[6 J0 U]6TF 5lZ6FD
84 D/[ K[P
H[G[ RFZ JBT +F\;L ;\bIF TZLS[ ,BM
4 4 4 4
8 8 8 8
9 3 3 2 4 sH[ p5ZGL
24 ;\bIFGM ;ZJF/M YX[f
pNFCZ6v 2
3752 ;\bIFGL RlÊI RFZ ;\bIFGM ;ZJF/M SZMP
3 + 7 + 5 + 2 = 17 17 × 6 = 102
+F\;L ;\bIF ,BL ;ZJF/M SZTF\4

2 2 2 2
10 10 10 10
11 3 3 2 2
;DH  H[24 ;\bIF D/[ K[ T[DF\ V[SD4 NXS4 ;M4 CÔZGF :YFG 5
V\S6 JBT VFJ[ K[P
 24 ;\bIF 5{SL
AWF V[SDGF :YFGGM = 6 ;ZJF/M
× sAWF RFZ[ V\SMGM ;ZJF/M
 NXSGF :YFGGM ;ZJF/M T[DH ;MGF :YFGGM ;ZJF/M T[D

:YFGGM ;ZJF/M p5Z 5|DF6[ H D/X[P
 RFZ V\SMGF ;ZJF/FG[
6 J0[ U]6L H[ ;\bIF D/[ T[G[ RFZ JBT
+F\;L ,BL ;ZJF/M SZTF\ HJFA D/X[P
46 
(28)
28. 37 J0[
lGoX[QF EFUL XSFI T[JL ;\bIFVM h05YL
XMWJLP
SM. 56 ;\bIFGF K[<,[YL +6v+6 VF\S0FGL A[ S[ JWFZ[

AGFJMP Ô[ T[GF ;ZJF/FG[
37 J0[ lGoX[QF EFUL XSFI TM D}
;\bIFG[ 5637 J0[ lGoX[QF EFUL XSFIP
 151219;\bIFDF\
151 VG[219 A[ EFU YIFP
T[GM ;ZJF/M 151
SZTF\
+ 219 = 370 H[G[
37 J0[ lGoX[QF EFUL
XSFI K[P
 151219 G[ 5637 J0[ lGoX[QF EFUL XSFI K[ T[D SCL XS
 VF56[ Ô6LV[ KLV[

111, S[
222, 333, 444, 555 .... 999 G[37
J0[ lGoX[QF EFUL XSFI K[P TM p5ZGF U]6WD"GM
VF56[ V[S UdDT ,. XSLV[P
TDFZF lD+G[ SM. V[S ;\bIF ,BJF SCMP

WFZM
362S[
,B[ K[P
CJ[362 G[ +6 V\SM ;DFG CMI T[JL SM. ;\bIFDF\YL AFN
999 – 362 = 637
 637362 , 362637 ;\bIFVMG[

JWFZFDF\
637 G[ A[ S[ +6 5NGF ;ZJF/F TZLS[ ,.V[ TM4
637 = 263 + 374
 263 362 374 VYJF 374 263 362 VYJF

362 263 374 VYJF 374 362 263 VYJF
362 374 263 VYJF 263 374 362 G[ 56

pNFCZ6 v2
 lD+G[ SM. 56 ;\bIF ,BJF SCLV[4
WFZM518 S[ ,B[
T[ K[P T[G[
777 DF\YL S[ VgI +6 V\SM ;DFG CMI
T[JL ;\bIFDF\YL V[8,[ S[, 333 , 444 , 555 , 666 , 777
111 , 222
, 888 , 999 DF\YL AFN SZMP
777 – 518 = 259

259 = 032 + 227
 518 032 227
518 227 032
227 518 032
227 032 518
032 227 518
032 518 227 VF AWL ;\bIFG[

37 J0[ lGoX[QF EFUL XSFIP
T[ H ZLT[259 = 039 + 123 + 097

 518 039 123 097
039 518 123 097
123 039 518 097
097 123 039 518
VF 5|SFZ[ VG[S ;\bIFVM ,BL XSFIP

H[ AWL H ;\bIFVM
37 J0[ lGoX[QF EFßI K[P
5FGF G\P
58 5ZGF ;]0MS]
(3) VG[(4) GM HJFA
1 2 9 7 3 5 6 4 8 2 8 7 9 6 3 4 5 1
7 4 8 9 1 6 2 5 3 3 1 9 5 7 4 8 6 2
5 3 6 2 8 4 7 1 9 4 6 5 1 2 8 7 3 9
4 9 1 6 5 8 3 7 2 1 5 2 4 3 6 9 8 7
6 5 7 4 2 3 9 8 1 8 4 3 7 9 2 6 1 5
3 8 2 1 9 7 4 6 5 9 7 6 8 5 1 3 2 4
9 7 5 8 6 2 1 3 4 5 9 1 6 8 7 2 4 3
8 1 4 3 7 9 5 2 6 6 2 4 3 1 9 5 7 8
2 6 3 5 4 1 8 9 7 7 3 8 2 4 5 1 9 6
(3) (4)
48 
(29)
29. U6TZLDF\ V[S ;ZBF V\SGL ;\bIF VFJX[P
 N SM. 56 UD[ T[8,F V\SMGL ;\bIF ,MP
 5|YD 5|IF; V[ SZM S[ NZ[S V\SDF\ V[SvV[SGM JWFZM
;\bIF D[/JMP OZL NZ[S V\SDF\ V[S GM JWFZM SZL GJ
VG[ ßIFZ[ SM. V[S
9 YFI
V\StIFZ[ V8SM VG[ T[A SCMP
;\bIFG[
 N D}/ ;\bIFGF NZ[S V\SDF\YL V[S v V[SGM 38F0M SZT
GJL ;\bIF XMWMP T[ GJL ;\bIFDF\ OZLYL NZ[S V\SDF
SZL GJL ;\bIF ,BM VG[ ßIFZ[ SM.
0 YFI
V[StIFZ[
V\S ,BJFG]\
A\W SZMP T[B;\bIFG[
SCLX]\P
A – B GM HJFA TD[ T[ ;\bIFVM Ô[IF l;JFI SCL XSXMP
pNFCZ6
WFZM S[ N;\bIF
= 345746
= 456857 sNZ[S V\SDF\ V[SGM JWFZMf
A =567968 sNZ[S V\SDF\ V[S JWFZL GJL
;\bIFDF\ V[S HuIFV[
9 VFJL
UIM DF8[AT[G[
SCLX]\f
N = 345746
234635 sNZ[S V\SDF\ V[SGM 38F0Mf
123524 sNZ[S V\SDF\ V[SGM 38F0Mf
B = 012413 sNZ[S V\SDF\ V[SGM 38F0M4
T[DF\ V[S HuIFV[ X}gI VFJL UIM
DF8[ T[G[
B SCLX]f
CJ[4A – B = 567968 – 012413 = 555555

p5ZGM HJFA h05YL U6TZL SIF" l;JFI 56 SCL XSFIP
;F{YL DM8M= V\S
7 ;F{YL GFGM= 3 V\S
 7–3=4 9 DF\YL
4 AFN SZTF\
5 D/[ K[P
VlC\IF6 V\SMGL D}/ ;\bIF ,LW[, K[P

 A–B = K JBT5 ,[TF\
= 555555

(29)
30. VlJEFßI ;\bIF ;FY[ DGMZ\HG
pNFCZ6
(1) SM. 56 VlJEFßI ;\bIF WFZMP 7
(2) T[GM JU" SZMP 49
(3) T[DF\
16 pD[ZMP 49 + 16 = 65
(4) 5lZ6FD(3) G[12 J0[ EFUMP CD[\XF

5 X[QF JWX[P
 U6TZL X~ SIF" 5C[,F 5 VFJX[

X[QF T[D V[S lRõLDF\ ,BLG[
8[A,GF BFGFDF\ D}SL NMP 5KL p5Z 5|DF6[ U6TZL SZ
X[QF S[8,L VFJ[ K[ tIF\ ;]WL U6TZL Y. ÔI tIFZ AFN
8[A,GF BFGFDF\ VF56[ ZFB[, lRõL SF-L JF\RJF SCM
5lZ6FD D?I] K[ T[ H T[ lRõLDF\ ,B[, CMI K[P
GM\W VFDF
(3) 5U,FDF\
16 pD[ZJF Sæ] K[ T[G[ AN,[ VgI SM. ;\bIF
pD[ZJF SCL XSM VG[ H[ pD[ZJF SC[, CMI T[ 5|DF6[ HJ
D/X[P
VgI pD[ZJF
DF8[ ;\bIF 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
K[<,] X[QF
DF8[G]\ 5lZ6FD
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 0
tIFZ AFN OZLYL

24 DF8[
1 X[QF4
25 DF8[
2 X[QFPPP
UFl6lTS ;DH
 SM. 56 VlJEFßI ;\bIFGM JU" CD[\XF
12 K + 1 :J~5DF\ H
D/X[ V[8,[ VlC\ VF56[ 12T[G[
J0[ EFUJFYL1 X[QF JW[ K[P 56
JU" SIF" 5KL
16 pD[IF" K[16
DF8[
G[12 J0[ EFUTF ALÒ JWFZFGL
4 X[QF DF8[1 +S],
4 = 5 X[QFP
 Ô[17 pD[ZJFG]\ Sæ] CMI12TM

J0[ T[G[
EFUTF5 X[QF VG[
1
VFU/GL DF8[
6 X[QF4 VF ZLT[ ÊDXo ,. XSFIP
50 
3 S[8,F RMZ;4 S[8,F l+SM6 m
(1) GLR[GL VFS'lTDF\ S[8,F l+SM6 K[ m

(A) (B)
(C) (D)
(E) (F)
(G) (H)
S[ 8,F RMZ;4 S[ 8,F l+SM6 mPPP 51

(I) (J)
(2) GLR[GL VFS'lTDF\ S[8,F RMZ; K[ m
(A) (B)
(C)
HJFA XMWJFGM 5|IF; SZM VG[ TDFZF 18

HJFAG[
5Z VF5[,F
5FGF G\P
HJFA ;FY[ ;ZBFJMP
;\bIFGL lJlXQ8TF
153 = 13 + 53 + 33 = 1 + 125 + 9 = 153
370 = 33 + 73 + 03 = 27 + 343 + 0 = 370
371 = 33 + 73 + 13 = 27 + 343 + 1 = 371
407 = 43 + 03 + 73 = 64 + 0 + 343 = 407
VFJL VgI ;\bIF XMWJF 5|IF; SZMP
52 
4 l+SM6LI v RT]QSM6LI v 5\RSM6LI
v QF8ŸSM6LI ;\bIFGF U]6WDM"
16
l+SM6LI ;\bIF 
11  
17
7 
 12  18
4   8  13 19

2  5  9  14  20
     
1 3 6 10 15 21
ßIF\1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21 l+SM6LI ;\bIF K[P
5C[,L l+SM6LI ;\bIF= 1
ALÒ l+SM6LI ;\bIF = 1 + 2 = 3
+LÒ l+SM6LI ;\bIF = 1 + 2 + 3 = 6
RMYL l+SM6LI ;\bIF = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10
5F\RDL l+SM6LI ;\bIF = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 = 15
l+SM6LI ;\bIF VFS'lTDF\

  
  
 
    
  
     
  
l+SM6LI ;\bIFDF\
T1 =0+1 =1 = 12
T1 + T 2 =1+3 =4 = 22
T2 + T 3 =3+6 =9 = 32
T3 + T 4 = 6 + 10 = 16 = 42
T4 + T 5 = 10 + 15 = 25 = 52
V[ H ZLT[
Tn + T n + 1 = (n + 1) 2
PPP;\ b IFGF U] 6 WDM" P PP 53

RT]QSM6LI ;\bIF
26 27 28 29 30 31
     
RT]QSM6LI ;\bIF
17  18
 19 20 21 32
1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36
10 11 12 13 22 33
      H[ AWL H 5}6" JU" ;\bIF K[P
5 
6 
7 14
 
23 
34
2 
3 8
15
 
24 
35
     
1 4 9 16 25 36
RT]QSM6LI ;\bIF VFS'lTDF\
1 4 9 16 25
5\RSM6LI ;\bIF 27

26
 28
25 

16 29

24 15 17 30
  
23  14 8 18  31

7 9 19 
13   32
3
 10 
6 20 33
 4
2 11 
21 
34
    
1 5 12 22 35
5\RSM6LI ;\bIF VFS'lTDF\ 


 
    
    
      
   
     
 
1 1+4=5 3 + 9 = 12 6 + 16 = 22 10 + 25 = 35
54 
QF8ŸSM6LI ;\bIF
19 20 21 22
   
18   23
9 10
 
11
17 24
8
3 4 12
16     25
 13
7 
  5 26
2 
14 
27
   
1 6 15 28
QF8ŸSM6LI ;\bIF VFS'lTDF\
 
 
   
 
    
 
 

 


1 1+1+4 3+3+9 6 + 6 +16 10 + 10 + 25

=6 = 15 = 28 = 45
Ul6T UdDT
325 2 = 105625 T[DH 1056025 = 1025 2

555 2
= 308025 T[DH 3080025 = 1755 2
625 2
= 390625 T[DH 3906025 = 1975 2
865 2
= 748225 T[DH 7482025 = 2735 2
PPP;\ b IFGF U] 6 WDM" P PP 55

;]0MS] sÔ5FGLh GFDf v
5 VF\S0FVM UM9JMP
 ;]0MS] V[ VF\S0F DF8[GF9SMI0FVM

× 9 RMZ;DF\
3 K[P
× 3 GF GJ
5[8F RMZ; CMI K[P
 S], 81 BFGF CMI K[P

1 YL
ßIF\
9 VF\S0F CFZDF\ VG[ :T\EDF\
D}SJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P H[DF\ V[S 56 CFZ S[ :T\EDF\ SM. 5
OZLYL VFJJM G Ô[.V[P
 3×3 GF NZ[S RMZ;DF\

1 YL
956
VF\S0F VFJJF Ô[.V[ VG[ V[S
56 VF\S0M A[ S[ JWFZ[ JBT VFJJM G Ô[.V[P DF+ V[S H
VFJJM Ô[.V[P
 YM0F VF\S0FVM
9 × 9 DF\ VF5[,F CMI K[P T[ VF\S0FGF :YF
O[ZJJFGF GYLP
4 5 1 3
4 5 2
3 6 8 1
1 8 9
(1) 8 7 9 6
2 5 3
7 4 8 5
2 9 1
4 3 2 1
56 
7 9 8 1
8 2 3 9 1
1 2
3 1 4 2 7
(2)
7 4 5 9
6 7 9 3
9 4 7 3
7 8 6 2
5 1 7 9
7 5 6 8
1 2 3
2 8 4 1
4 1 3 2
(3) 5 8
3 2 4 5
7 8 6 3
8 4 7
2 3 5 7
8 7 3
9 5 4 8 2
1
1 5 2 7
(4) 8 5
9 3 2 4
7
6 4 3 9 5
2 1 9
;] 0 MS] P PP 57
BF; GM\W3 × 3 GF SM. RMZ;GF\ ;\NE"DF\
(4) ;]0MS]DF\
7
9
.
1 5 2
8 [] 5
G\P
9 × O 3 2 4
48 5Z
.
(3) VG[(4) GM HJFA 5FGF
4
.
 O SZ[, BFGF DF8[ lJRFZLV[ 1, 5, 2, 8,TM

9 V\SM 3 × 3 DF\ K[P
CFZDF\ JWFZFGF 3, 4 K[ :T\EDF\ JWFZFGF 7 K[ DF8[
6 V[S H AFSL
K[P H[ tIF\ D}SJM Ô[.V[P
 tIFZ AFN × GF :YFG DF8[ lJRFZLV[ 3 × 3 RMZ;DF\
TM 1, 5, 2, 8,
G\PVG[ ;]0MS]
9, 6 TM VFJL UIFP CFZDF\ 3, JWFZFGF

4 K[P :T\EDF\ JWFZFGM
SM. V\S GYLP CJ[ AFSL 7 ZC[V\SK[P ×DF8[GF :YFG 75Z D}SL
XSFIP
 tIFZ AFN [ ] GF :YFG DF8[ lJRFZLV[ 3 × 3 DF\
TM
1, 5, 2, 8, 7 , 6,
9 VFJL UIFP CFZDF\ JWFZFGM SM. V\S 4 K[GYLPDF8[ 3 :T\EDF
63 5Z
AFSL ZC[ K[P [ ] GF

DF8[
:YFG 35Z D}SL XSFIP
(2) GM HJFA 5FGF
 T[3 × 3 RMZ;DF\ DF+ CJ[ V[S H BFG] AFSL K[P VG[ T

BFGFDF\ 4 D}SL XSFIP
 VF ZLT[3 × 3 GF AWF H BFGF V[S ;FY[ EZFI ÔI T[J] GYLP
JBT ALÔ BFGF DF8[ 56 lJRFZJ] 50[P H[D H[D VF\S0FVM
HX[ T[D T[D JWFZFGF BFGF EZJFDF\ ;Z/TF ZC[TL HX
 SM. V[S BFGF DF8[ 5|IF; SZTF\ tIF\ V[SYL JWFZ[ V\SM
(1) TYF
CMI TM T[ BFGFG[ AN,[ ALÔ BFGF DF8[ 5|IF; SZMP

ÊD 5|DF6[ K ;FT BFGF DF8[ 5|IF; SZJF KTF\ ;O/ YJFT] G
;]0MS]
WLZHYL ALÔ BFGF DF8[ 5|IF; SZMP

 VF ZLT[ AWF BFGF EZL XSFIP DUHDFZLG]\ SFI" K
36M lJSF; SZL XSFI K[P
58 
6 VFJ]\ XF DF8[ m
(1) 2=1
WFZM S[ a =b
a 2
= ab sAgG[ AFH]
a J0[ U]6TF\f
a 2 – b 2 = ab – b 2
sAgG[ AFH]DF\YL
b 2 AFN SZTF\f
 (a – b) (a + b) = b (a – b) sVJIJ 5F0TFf
 a+b =b s;FDFgI VJIJ SF-L GFBTFf
 b+b =b sSFZ6 S[
a=bf
 2b =b
 2 =1 sAgG[ AFH]V[YL
b SF-L GFBTFf
 p5ZG]\ 5lZ6FD BM8] K[ 5C[,L ãlQ8V[ U6TZLDF\ SM. E

GYL 56 Ul6TGL V[S 5}J" WFZ6FGM p5IMU BM8M SIM
GM\W
RMYF 5UlYIFDF\ AgG[ AFH] ;FDFgI a – b SF-L
VJIJGFB[,
K[P 56 T[ SF-L XSFI GlCPa –SFZ6
b = 0 S[
K[ SFZ6a S[
=b
V[8,[ S[ AgG[ AFH]YL
0 VJIJ ZN SZL XSFI GlCP
(2) 3=4
VF56[ Ô6LV[ KLV[ S[4
– 12 = – 12
 9 – 21 = 16 – 28
 3 –3×7
2
= 42 – 4 × 7
7 7
 3 2 – 2 × 3 × -------
2
= 4 2 – 2 × 4 × -------
2
7 7 7 7
 3 2 – 2 × 3 × -------
2
+ ( -------
2
) 2 = 4 2 – 2 × 4 × -------
2
+ ( -------
2
)2
7 7
 (3 – -------
2
) 2 = (4 – -------
2
)2
7 7
 3 – ------- = 4 – -------
2 2
7
 3=4 sAgG[ AFH]YL
– -------
2
SF-L GFBTFf
VFJ]\ XF DF8[ mPPP 59

GM\W KõF 5NDF\YL ;FTD] 5N ,BTL JBT[ JU" D}/ ±SZ[, K[P T
lGXFGL ,BJL Ô[.V[P H[GM ± AgG[ VY"
lS\DT DF8[ VYJF AgG[DF\Y
SM. V[S lS\DT DF8[ 5lZ6FD ;FR]\ AG[P
a 2 = b 2 CMI TM4
a = ± b GM VY" a = b VYJFa = – b V[JM YFI K[P
VlC\IF DF++ sf lGXFGL ,LW[, K[P T[ 5lZ6FD IMuI GYL 5
( – ) ,[TF 5lZ6FD AZFAZ D/[ K[P
(3) 1 ~l5IM = 1 5{;M

1 ~l5IM = 100 5{;F
= 10 5{;F× 10 5{;F
1
= ( ------
10
s 101 ~l5IMf
~l5IMf 2 ------
1
= ----------
100
~l5IM
5{;F =1
GM\W ALÔ :8[5DF\
100 5{;F = 10 5{;F× 10 5{;F G YFIP
= 10 × (10 5{;Ff YFIP
T[DH
s -------
1
10
~l5IMf 2 s-------
1
10
~l5IMf 1
= -------
100
~l5IF G YFI
1
= ------
100
s~l5IFf2 YFI
(4) 3=2
WFZM S[ a =b
a 3
= ba 2 sAgG[ AFH]V[
a 2 J0[ U]6TFf
a 3 – b 3 = ba 2 – b 3 sAgG[ AFH]DF\YL
b 3 AFN SZTF\f
 (a – b) (a 2 + ab + b 2 )= b (a – b) (a + b)
sVJIJ 5F0TFf
a 2 + ab + b 2 = b (a + b) sAgG[ AFH]V[YL ;FDFgI VJIJ
SF-L GFBTFf
a 2 + a 2 + a 2 = a (a + a) sb = a D}STFf
3a 2 = 2a 2 sa 2 AgG[ AFH]V[YL SF-TF\f
3 =2
 VF 5lZ6FD 56 BM8] K[ VG[ (1)

T[DF\
DF\56
ATFjIF 5|DF6[
AgG[ AFH]V[YL ;FDFgI
a – VJIJ
b SF-L GFB[, K[ T[ AZFAZ
GYLP SFZ6
a – S[
b = 0.
60 
7 lJlXQ8 ÔN]. RMZ;M
ÔN]. RMZ;DF\ CFZ4 :T\E VG[ lJS6M"GM ;ZJF/M S[8,M YX

 1 YL
n 5|FS'lTS ;\bIF4 HIF\
n 56 5|FS'lTS ;\bIF K[P TM HFN].
RMZ; n × n GM YX[P T[GL CFZ4 :T\E VG[ lJS6M"G
;\bIFVMGM ;ZJF/M XMWJF GLR[GF ;}+GM p5IMU SZ
5|YD ;\bIF
+ K[<,L ;\bIF
× n
2
;\bIFVM RMZ; CFZv:T\EvlJS6M"GL AWL ;\bIFGM ;ZJF/M
1+9
1 YL9 3×3 ---------------- × 9
2
= 15
1 + 16
1 YL16 4×4 ---------------- ×
2
16 = 34
1 + 25
1 YL25 5×5 ---------------- ×
2
25 = 65
1 + 64
1 YL64 8×8 ---------------- ×
2
64 = 260
lJlXQ8 5|SFZGF ÔN]. RMZ;

(1)1. 3×3 GM ÔN]. RMZ; x – 3d x + 2d x + d
(i)
x + 4d x x – 4d
x – d x – 2d x + 3d
 ßIF\(i) DF\
x VG[d GL SM. 56 JF:TlJS ;\bIF ,. ÔN]. RMZ;
AGFJL XSIF K[P H[GL SM. 56 CFZv:T\E S[ lJS6M"G
;ZJF/M ;DFG 3 x H[8,M YFI K[P
lJlXQ8 ÔN] . RMZ;PPP 61

H[D S[4
x=5 , d=1 x=9 , d=2
2 7 6 3 13 11
9 5 1 17 9 1
4 3 6 7 5 15
VlC\IF JWFZFGF U]6WDM"

5C[,F :T\EGF AWF +LÔ :T\EGF AWF 5NMGF
=

5NMGF JUM"GM ;ZJF/MJU"GM ;ZJF/M

 5C[,L CFZGF AWF 5NMGF
+LÒ CFZGF AWF 5NMGF
=
JUM"GM ;ZJF/M JU" ;ZJF/M
H[D S[4
22 + 9 2 + 4 2 = 4 + 81 + 16 = 101
62 + 1 2 + 8 2 = 36 + 1 + 64 = 101
22 + 7 2 + 6 2 = 4 + 49 + 36 = 89
42 + 3 2 + 8 2 = 16 + 9 + 64 = 89
(ii)
VF ÔN]. RMZ;DF\ NZ[S
a x–3d a x + 2d ax + d
CFZv:T\EvlJS6"GF AWF 5NMGM
x – 4d
U]6FSFZa 3x H[8,M ;DFG YX[P
a x + 4d ax a
HIF\a  N T[DH x VG[d UD[
T[ JF:TlJS ;\bIF ,. XSFIP
a x – d a x – 2d a x + 3d
WFZMa =S[2 x = 9 , d = 1 ,[TF\4

26 211 210
H[D S[2 6 × 2 11 × 2 10 = 2 27
213 29 25 2 ×2 ×2
13 9 5
= 2 27
2 3
2 7
2 12 2 8 × 2 7 × 2 12 = 2 27
62 
(iii)
a
log ----3 log ar 2 log ar ßIF\a, r ,  R t CMI
r
H[GL NZ[S CFZ4 :T\E
a T[DH lJS6M"DF\ VFJTF
log r 2 log a log ----
r4 38SMGM ;ZJF/M
3 log a H[8,M ;DFG
a a YFI K[P
log ---- log ----2 log ar 2
r r
a = 16 , r = 2 ,[TF\4
log 2 log 64 log 32 log 2 6 log 2 5 log 2
log log 16 log 1 8 log 2 4 log 2 0

256
log 8 log 4 log 128 3 log 2 2 log 2 7 log 2
VF ZLT[ 56 ,BL XSFIP
HIF\ log 2 + 8 log 2 + 3 log 2 = 12 log 2

6 log 2 + 4 log 2 + 2 log 2 = 12 log 2
5 log 2 + 0 + 7 log 2 = 12 log 2
5FGF G\P
58 5Z VF5[, ;]0MS]
(1) VG[(2) GM HJFA
4 8 5 2 7 1 6 3 9 5 3 7 9 1 8 6 4 2
9 1 7 6 4 3 5 8 2 4 8 6 2 3 5 7 9 1
3 2 6 8 9 5 7 1 4 1 9 2 4 6 7 3 5 8
6 3 1 4 8 2 9 5 7 3 1 9 6 5 4 8 2 7
8 5 4 7 3 9 1 2 6 7 4 8 3 2 1 5 6 9
7 9 2 1 5 6 3 4 8 6 2 5 7 8 9 1 3 4
1 7 3 9 3 4 8 6 5 8 6 1 5 9 2 4 7 3
2 6 9 5 1 8 4 7 3 9 7 3 8 4 6 2 1 5
5 4 8 3 6 7 2 9 1 2 5 4 1 7 3 9 8 6
(1) (2)

(3)2. 3 × 3 GM ÔN]. RMZ; AGFJJFGL ZLT
WFZM
1 YL
S[9 ;\bIF ,. 3×3 GM ÔN]. RMZ; AGFjIM K[P
1 2 3 2
4 5 6 4 5 6

7 8 9    8

;C[H +F\;M
3 × 3 GM RMZ; ,. p5Z 5|DF6[ V\S D}SMP
 RFZ BFGF BF,L K[ H[ ;Z/TFYL

15 ;ZJF/M
YFI T[ ZLT[ D}SL
XSFIP H[D S[4
2
2 7 6
9 7
RMZ;G[ ;LWM 9SZMP
5 1
4 5 6
3 1 4 3 8
8
 Ô[ CFZDF\ ;ZBF TOFJTJF/L ;\bIF T[DH :T\EDF\ VgI SM. ;

TOFJTJF/L ;\bIF ,.G[ 56 ÔN]. RMZ; AGFJL XSFIP
2 5 8 5
4 7 10 4 7 10
6 9 12 5 9
12 6
4 7 10
8 2
9
AFSLGF BFGF V[JL ZLT[ EZM S[
NZ[S CFZ VYJF :T\EGF AWF 5NMGM
21 YFI ;ZJF/M
64 
(2)3. 4×4 GM ÔN]. RMZ;
(i) .P;P 1514 DF\ V[S lX<5 S'lT 5Z GLR[
4 × 45|DF6[
GM ÔN].
RMZ; Ô[JF D?IMP
4 15 14 1
ßIF\ NZ[S CFZv:T\EvlJS6M"GF
9 6 7 12
T[DH AWF 5NMGM 36L ZLT
5 10 11 8 ;ZJF/M34 YFIP
16 3 2 13
H[D S[4 VgI RMZ; VgI RMZ;

4 + 15 + 14 + 1 = 34 6 + 7 + 10 + 11 = 34 4 + 6 + 11 + 13 =34
9 + 6 + 7 + 12 = 34 9 + 5 + 12 + 8 = 34 1 + 7 + 10 + 16 =34
5 + 10 + 11 + 8 = 34 15 + 14 + 3 + 2 = 34 1 + 4 + 16 + 13 =34
16 + 3 + 2 + 13 = 34 8 + 2 +15 + 9 = 34 4 + 15 + 9 + 6 =34
4 + 9 + 5 + 16 = 34 14 + 12 + 5 + 3 = 34 14 + 1 + 7 + 12 =34
15 + 6 + 10 + 3 = 34 5 + 10 + 16 + 3 =34
14 + 7 + 11 + 2 = 34 11 + 8 + 13 + 2 =34
1 + 12 + 8 + 13 = 34
(ii) VFU/ 5|DF6[4H

× 4 GM ALÔ[ ÔN]. RMZ; H[DF\ VFU/GF AW
H U]6WDM"G]\ 5F,G YFI K[P
22 6 18 4 VlC\IF NZ[S CFZv:T\EvlJS6M"4

13 9 17 11 +]8S lJS6M" 5[8F RMZ;GF
7 21 3 19 RFZvRFZ 5NMGM 50 ;ZJF/M
8 14 12 16 YFI K[P
99 GL lJlXQ8TF
99 × 11 = 1089 99 × 16 = 1584
99 × 12 = 1188 99 × 17 = 1683
99 × 13 = 1287 99 × 18 = 1782
99 × 14 = 1386 99 × 19 = 1881
99 × 15 = 1485 99 × 20 = 1980

(10)
4. 4×4 GM ÔN]. RMZ; lGlüT ;ZJF/M YFI T[JM AGFJJMP
 5C[,F GLR[ 5|DF6[ A[ ÔN]. RMZ; GÞL SZLV[P
1 2 3 4 a b c d
3 4 1 2 d c b a
4 3 2 1 b a d c
2 1 4 3 c d a b
1+a 2+b 3+c 4+d
3+d 4+c 1+b 2+a
4+b 3+a 2+d 1+c

2+c 1+d 4+a 3+b
 H[ ÔN]. RMZ;DF\ NZ[S CFZv:T\EvlJS6M"GM ;ZJF/M

( 1 + a) + (2 + b) + (3 + c) + (4 + d)
V[8,[ S[
(1 + 2 + 3 + 4) + (a + b + c + d) H[8,M YX[P
 VF l;âF\T 5|DF6[ WFZM S[ 5|YD CFZDF\
20, 8, 19, 40 ;\bIFVM
VFJ[ V[JM ÔN]. RMZ; H[GM87 YFI
;ZJF/MK[ T[JM XMWJM K[4
VF56[ H[8,M ;ZJF/M SZJFGM CMI T[ 5|DF6[ RFZ EFU
;\bIF ,BL XSFIP
 CJ[20, 8, 19, 40 NZ[S 5NG[ ;ZJF/FGF :J~5DF\ A[ EFUDF
lJEFUM
17 7 10 35
+ 3 + 1 + 9 + 5
EFU 5F0TL JBT[ BF; bIF, ZFBMP

17 + 3, 17 + 1, 17 + 9, 17 + 5
7+3 7+1 7+9 7+5
10 + 3 10 + 1 10 + 9 10 + 5
35 + 3 35 + 1 35 + 9 35 + 5
VFDF\ SM. A[ ;ZJF/F ;DFG G YFI T[ ZLT[ EFU 5F0JFP

66 
CJ[ A[ ÔN]. RMZ;
17 7 10 35 3 1 9 5
10 35 17 7 5 9 1 3
35 10 7 17
+ 1 3 5 9
=
7 17 35 10 9 5 3 1
ÊD 5|DF6[ ;ZJF/M SZTF\4

17 + 3 7+1 10 + 9 35 + 5 20 8 19 40
10 + 5 35 + 9 17 + 1 7+3 15 44 18 10
= 36 13 12 26
35 + 1 10 + 3 7+5 17 + 9
7+9 17 + 5 35 + 3 10 + 1 16 22 38 11
 H[ VF56[ Ô[.V[ K[ T[ 5|SFZGM ÔN]. RMZ; YX[P H[

CFZv:T\EvlJS6M"GL AWL ;\bIFGM= 87 YFI
;ZJF/M
K[P
 VF H 5|DF6[ A[vA[ ;\bIFGL AFNAFSL ,. T[ ;\bIF VG];\W
ÔN]. RMZ; AGFJL T[GF 5ZYL RMÞ; ÔN]. RMZ; D[/JL X
23 9 28 45
– 3 – 1 – 9 – 5
23 9 28 45 3 1 9 5
28 45 23 9 5 9 1 3
45 28 9 23
– 1 3 5 9
=
9 23 45 28 9 5 3 1
23 – 3 9–1 28 – 9 45 – 5 20 8 19 40
28 – 5 45 – 9 23 – 1 9–3 23 36 22 6
= 44 25 4 14
45 – 1 28 – 3 9–5 23 – 9
9–9 23 – 5 44 – 3 28 – 1 0 18 41 27

 U]6FSFZGF\ :J~5DF\
20, 8, 19, 40 GM U]6FSFZ
= 121600
 AWL CFZ :T\E lJS6M"GF RFZ[ 5NMGF\ U]6FSFZ ;DF
121600
YFI T[JM ÔN]. RMZ; GLR[ 5|DF6[ AGFJL XSFIP
20 8 19 40 G[ U]6FSFZGF :J~5DF\ A[ EFU 5F0M
5 4 19 80
× 4 × 2 × 1 × ½
 ßIF\ SM. 56 U]6FSFZ

5 × 4 , 5 × 2 , 5 × 1 , 5 × ½ ...... ;DFG
YTF\ GYLP
5 4 19 80 4 2 1 ½
19 80 5 4 ½ 1 2 4
80 19 4 5
× 2 4 ½ 1
=
4 5 80 19 1 ½ 4 2
5×4 4×2 19 × 1 80 × ½ 20 8 19 40
19 × ½ 80 × 1 5×2 4×4 19 80 10 16
2
= 160 76 2 5
80 × 2 19 × 4 4×½ 5×1
4 5 320 38
4×1 5×½ 80 × 4 19 × 2 2
 ßIF\ NZ[S CFZ :T\E lJS6M"DF\ VFJ[,L RFZ[ ;\bIFGM U]6F

YFI K[P
20 × 8 × 19 × 40 = 121600
19 × 80 × 10 × 16
------- = 121600
2
19 ×160 × 4
20 × ------ = 121600
2
20 × 80 × 2 × 38 = 121600
68 
(4)5. 5×5 GM lJlXQ8 ÔN]. RMZ;
(i) 48
44 18
36 14 12
37 6 8 15
86 7 0 11 21

56 1
CFZv:T\E S[ lJS6M"GF ;ZJF/F 3 17
50 4 9
;ZBF GYLP 53 10
 +]8S lJS6M"GF 5F\R 5NMGM 59
;ZJF/M= 125
48 + 56 + 1 + 3 + 17 = 125
44 + 18 + 50 + 4 + 9 = 125
36 + 14 + 12 + 53 + 10 = 125
37 + 6 + 8 + 15 + 59 = 125
86 + 7 + 0 + 11 + 21 = 125
36 + 18 + 8 + 3 + 10 = 125
37 + 56 + 12 + 11 + 9 = 125
36 + 7 + 50 + 15 + 17 = 125
44 + 6 + 1 + 53 + 21 = 125
48 + 14 + 0 + 4 + 59 = 125
(ii) 5 × 5 GM lJlXQ8 ÔN]. RMZ;

U]6FSFZGL lGXFGL D/TF\ 5F\R ;\bIFV





T[DH ;ZJF/FGL lGXFGL D/TF\ 5F\R
 
   ;\bIFVMGM ;ZJF/M
= 130
10 + 73 + 4 + 24 + 19 = 130
  73 + 4 + 21 + 14 + 18 = 130
10 20 19 74 7  24 + 14 + 1 + 87 + 4 = 130
6 73 16 18 17   10 + 4 + 22 + 7 + 87 = 130
24 15 4 5 82 VF ZLT[ ALÒ 36L ZLT[ ,BL XSFIP
3 14 90 21 2  20 + 73 + 15 + 6 + 16 = 130
  16 + 4 + 90 + 15 + 5 = 130
87 8 1 12 22 15 + 14 + 8 + 3 + 90 = 130

19 + 4 + 1 + 25 + 82 = 130
ÔN]. RMZ;GL lJlXQ8TF

 AWL H CFZMv:T\EMvlJS6M"GM130
;ZJF/M
YFI K[P
;DFG
H[D S[4
16 + 6 + 24 + 3 + 87 = 130 VF ZLT[ AWF
:T\EM
10 + 20 + 19 + 74 + 7 = 130 VF ZLT[ AWL CFZM
10 + 73 + 4 + 21 + 22 = 130 VF ZLT[ AgG[ lJS6M"
 +]8S lJS6M"GM 5F\R 5NMGM 130 YFI
;ZJF/M
K[P
87 + 20 + 16 + 5 + 2 = 130
3 + 8 + 19 + 18 + 82 = 130 VF H ZLT[ ALÔ +]8S
24 + 14 + 1 + 74 + 17 = 130 lJS6M" ,. XSFIP
6 + 15 + 90 + 12 + 7 = 130
(iii) 5×5 ÔN]. RMZ; AGFJJFGL V[S ZLT
 1 YL
5 V\SM 5F\R[ 5F\R CFZ T[DH :T\EDF\ VFJ[ T[ ZLT[ Ô
AGFJMP
3 lJS6"GF5 :YFG 5Z
3 4 1 5 2 2 sRFZ VG[ V[S :YFG 5Zf
2 3 4 1 5 +]8S lJS6"
4 sRFZ VG[ V[S :YFG 5Zf
5 2 3 4 1
+]8S lJS6"
1 5 2 3 4
5 s+6 VG[ A[ :YFG 5Zf
4 1 5 2 3
+]8S lJS6"
+]8S lJS6"
 CJ[0, 5, 10, 15, 20 NZ[S CFZ T[DH :T\EDF\ VFJ[ T[ ZLT[ Ô
RMZ; T{IFZ SZMP
 5C[,F ÔN]. RMZ;DF\ H[ AFH]GF lJS6"DF\ lS\DTM D}SL K
15lJS6"DF\
0 20 5 10
0 20 5 10 15
5C[,F 10 s5F\R :YFG 5Zf
20 5 10 15 0
5 10 15 0 20
10 15 0 20 5 0 s+6 VG[ A[ :YFG 5Zf
VYJF ÊlDS 5KLGL CFZDF\ V[S ÊD VFU/ ,[JF4 H[D S[

CFZDF\ 15, 0, 20, 5, 10 TM ALÒ CFZDF\
0 YL X~ SZMP V[8,[
0, S[
70 20, 5, 10, 20 4 +LÒ CFZDF\ 20 YL X~ SZM VG[ VFU/ JWMP

(i) VG[(ii) GF ÊlDS 5NMGM ;ZJF/M SZTF\ ÔN]. RMZ; D/X[P
18 4 21 10 12
2 23 9 11 20
25 7 13 19 1
6 15 17 3 24
14 16 5 22 8
VF H ZLT[
7 × 7 S[9 × 9 S[11 × 11 GF ÔN]. RMZ; AGFJL XSFIP
6. ZFDFG]HGGL HgD 22-12-1887

TFZLB ,. 5 × 5 GM
lJlXQ8 ÔN]. RMZ;
22 12 1 8 87
2 21 90 14 3
82 5 4 15 24
17 18 16 73 6
7 74 19 20 10
 5CFZMv5 :T\EM TYF A[ lJS6M"GL AWL ;\bIFGM

= 130 ;ZJF/M
 +]8S lJS6M"GM ;ZJF/M
= 130
12 + 90 + 15 + 6 + 7 = 130
1 + 14 + 24 + 17 + 74 = 130
8 + 3 + 82 + 18 + 19 = 130
87 + 2 + 5 + 16 + 20 = 130
  
   YL AGTL 5F\R ;\bIFGM ;ZJF/M
= 130
  
 
 22 + 21 + 4 + 1 + 82 = 130
 

  4 + 16 + 19 + 18 + 73 = 130


(3)7. 3×3,5×5,7×7 GM lJlXQ8 ÔN]. RMZ;
2 49 47 46 8 11 12
40 30 13 15 31 36 10
6 16 28 21 26 34 44
43 33 23 25 27 17 7
41 32 24 29 22 18 9
5 14 37 35 19 20 45
38 1 3 4 42 39 48
p5ZGF ÔN]. RMZ;DF\

(1) 1 ×1 GM ÔN]. RMZ; 25
(2) 3 × 3 GM ÔN]. RMZ; T[GL AWL CFZv:T\E lJS6M"GL ;\
;ZJF/M25 × 3 = 75 YFI K[P
(3) 5 × 5 GF ÔN]. RMZ;DF\ T[GL AWL CFZv:T\EvlJS6M"GL
;\bIFGM ;ZJF/M 25 × 5 = 125 YFI K[P
(4) 7 × 7 GF ÔN]. RMZ;DF\ T[GL AWL CFZv:T\EvlJS6M"GL
;\bIFGM ;ZJF/M 25 × 7 = 175 YFI K[P
Ul6T UdDT
xy + y x = 5}6" JU" D/[ T[JL YM0L ZH}VFTM
29 + 92 = 121
38 + 83 = 121
47 + 74 = 121
56 + 65 = 121
VF ZLT[ VgI SM. 5}6" JU" ;\bIFDF\ Y. XS[ K[ m

XMWJF 5|IF; SZMP
72 
49 64 1 16 17 32 33 48
15 2 63 50 47 34 31 18
56 57 8 9 24 25 40 41
10 7 58 55 42 39 26 23
54 59 6 11 22 27 38 43
12 5 60 53 44 37 28 21
51 62 3 14 19 30 35 46
13 4 61 52 45 36 29 20
 p5ZGF ÔN]. RMZ;DF\ VF9 CFZ v VF9 :T\E T[DH A[ lJ

NZ[SGL VF9 v VF9 ;\bIFGM 260;ZJF/M
YFI K[P
 8 × 8 GF RMZ;GL VFS'lTDF\ ATFjIF 5|DF6[ RFZ EFU 5F
VFJ[ TM VF RFZ[ EFU
4 × 4 GM
56 ÔN]. RMZ; YX[P H[DF\ T[ NZ
ÔN]. RMZ;DF\ RFZ CFZ T[DH RFZ :T\EGF RFZvRFZ
;ZJF/M130 YFI K[P

2, 4, 6, 8 ...... 28 A[SL
64 ;\bIFGM p5IMU8 ×
SZL
8 GM ÔN].
RMZ;
128 10 114 8 96 42 82 40
4 118 14 124 36 86 46 92
6 116 12 126 38 84 44 94
122 16 120 2 90 48 88 34
112 26 98 24 80 58 66 56
20 102 30 108 52 70 62 76
22 100 28 110 54 68 60 78
106 32 104 18 74 64 72 50

 VF9 CFZM v VF9 :T\EM TYF A[ lJS6M"GF VF9vVF9
;ZJF/M520 YFI K[P
128 + 10 + 114 + 8 + 96 + 42 + 82 + 40 = 520
128 + 4 + 6 + 122 + 112 + 20 + 22 + 106 = 520
128 + 118 + 12 + 2 + 80 + 70 + 60 + 50 = 520
 8×8 RMZ;GF RFZ EFU 45F0TF× 4 GF ÔN]. RMZ; YFI K[P

ßIF\ NZ[S ÔN]. RMZ;DF\
4 CFZM4
4 :T\EM VG[
2 lJS6M"GF RFZvRFZ
5NMGM ;ZJF/M
260 YFI K[P
128 + 10 + 114 + 8 = 128 + 4 + 6 + 122 =
128 + 118 + 12 + 2 = 260
 8×8 GF ÔN]. RMZ;GF

4 ×RFZ
4 ÔN]. RMZ; AG[ VG[ T[ NZ[S
4 × 4 RMZ;GF RFZvRFZ EFU 2 ×5F0TF
2 GF16 ÔN]. RMZ;
YX[P T[ RMZ;GF RFZ[ 5NMGM = 260 ;ZJF/M
128 10 12 126 54 68 66 56
4 118 120 2 74 64 62 76
 4 × 4 RMZ;DF\ JrR[GM
2 × 2 GM RMZ;GF RFZ[ 5NMGM
;ZJF/M= 260.
118 14 86 46 102 30 70 62
116 12 84 44 100 28 68 60
 4 × 4 RMZ;GF RFZ[ B}6F 5Z VFJ[,L RFZ[ ;\bIF

;ZJF/M= 260.
128 8 96 40 112 24 80 56
122 2 90 34 106 18 74 50
74 
(6)
10. 8×8 GM lJlXQ8 RMZ;
20 34 62 16 21 39 59 9  VF ÔN]. RMZ;DF\ VF9
31 45 49 3 26 44 56 6 CFZvVF9 :T\E4 lJS6"DF\
40 22 10 60 33 19 15 61
VF9vVF9 ;\bIFGM
;ZJF/M260 YFI K[P
43 25 5 55 46 32 4 50
14 64 36 18 11 57 27 23  NZ[S CFZ TYF :T\E

1 51 47 29 8 54 42 28 TYF lJS6M"GF VF9[
;\bIFGM JU" SZL
58 12 24 38 63 13 17 35
;ZJF/M SZTF\ ;DFG
53 7 27 41 52 2 30 48 11180 YFI K[P
 VFS'lTDF\ ATFjIF 5|DF6[ RFZvRFZ ;\bIFGF RMU9F A

VFJ[ TM T[GL RFZ[ ;\bIFGM
130 YFI
;ZJF/M
K[P T[DH lJS6M"GM
;ZJF/M65 YFI K[P
H[D S[4
20 34
20 + 34 + 31 + 45 = 260
20 + 45 = 65 31 45
31 + 34 = 65
Ul6T UdDT
1 YL100 TDFD ;\bIFGF U]6FSFZDF\ K[<,[ S[8,F X}gI m
1 YL100 DF\ 5 H[GM VJIJ CMI T[JL ;\bIFVM
5, 10, 15, 20, 25 ........100 S], 20 ;\bIFP
H[ NZ[SG[ A[SL ;\bIF J0[ U]6TF V[S V[S X}gI D/X[P
V[8,[ S[ 20 X}gIMP
1 YL100 DF\25 H[GM VJIJ K[ T[JL ;\bIFVM

25, 50, 75, 100
H[ NZ[SG[
4 J0[ U]6TF V[S JWFZFGM X}gI
4 X}gIMP
D/X[ T[
VFD S], HD6L AFH]V[
24 X}gIM VFJX[P

(7)
11. 9×9 GM lJlXQ8 ÔN]. RMZ;
70 74 73 2 67 1 66 6 10
7 55 61 54 56 20 18 23 75
68 22 31 53 34 52 35 60 14
5 17 32 38 45 40 50 65 77
71 57 46 43 41 39 36 25 11
4 58 49 42 37 44 33 24 78
69 19 47 29 48 30 51 63 13
3 59 21 28 26 62 64 27 79
72 8 9 80 15 81 16 76 12
VF ÔN]. RMZ;
(1) 1 × 1 GF RMZ;DF\ =lS\DT
41
(2) 3 × 3 GF RMZ;GL NZ[S CFZv:T\E4 lJS6M"GL ;\bIFGM

;ZJF/M= 41 × 3 = 123

;ZJF/M= 41 × 5 = 205

;ZJF/M= 41 × 7 = 287

;ZJF/M= 41 × 9 = 369
76 
(8)
12. 10 × 10 GM lJlXQ8 ÔN]. RMZ;
2 10 4 18 92 90 94 96 98 1
6 75 30 32 70 72 78 22 25 95
84 28 65 60 40 38 34 66 73 17
93 81 68 58 45 44 55 33 20 8
89 77 37 51 48 49 54 64 24 12
87 27 59 47 52 53 50 42 74 14
13 19 39 46 57 56 43 62 82 88
15 21 35 41 61 63 67 36 80 86
16 76 71 69 31 29 23 79 26 85
100 91 97 83 9 11 7 5 3 99
 GF RMZ;GL N;[ CFZ4 N;[ :T\E TYF A[ lJS6M"G

10 × 10
;\bIFGM ;ZJF/M
= 505
 8×8 GF RMZ;GL VF9 CFZ4 VF9 :T\E TYF A[ lJS6M"

;\bIFGM ;ZJF/M
= 404
 6×6 GF RMZ;GL K CFZ4 K :T\E TYF A[ lJS6M"GL AW

;ZJF/M= 303
 4×4 GF RMZ;GL RFZ CFZ4 RFZ :T\E TYF A[ lJS6M
;\bIFGM ;ZJF/M
= 202
 2 ×2 GF RMZ;GL RFZ[ ;\bIFGM ;ZJF/M

= 202.

ãlQ8 E|D v
8 VF56G[ JF:TlJS SZTF\ H}N]\ ,FU[ K[P
(1) A B
 Z[BFB\0
AB V[ Z[BFB\0
CD SZTF\ DM8M
N[BFI K[ m T[ AgG[ Z[BFB\0 ;ZBF DF5G
C D K[P T[D KTF\ 5C[,F\ Z[BFB\0G[ GLR[G
Z[BFB\0 B[\R[ K[P
 ALÒ VFS'lTDF\ Z[BFB\0
CD G[ GLR[GF
Z[BFB\0 GLR[ B[\R[ K[ DF8[ T[ GFGM
(2)
 5{SL SIM Z[BFB\0 ,F\AM ,FU[
AB, CD, EF
A B
K[ VG[ SIM ;F{YL GFGM m
 TDFZF HJFA DF8[ DF55ÎLYL DF5L H]V
C D
VG[ RSF;MP
sZ[BFB\0
AB ;F{YL DM8M4 CDZ[BFB\0
T[GFYL GFGM4
EF ;F{YL GFGM ,FU[ K[ G[ mf
E F  +6[ Z[BFB\0M ;ZBL ,\AF.GF K[ 56
GLR[GF Z[BFB\0M H]NF H]NF B}
B[\RTF ,FUJFG[ SFZ6[ GFGF DM8
N[BFI K[P
(3)
C
 AB, CD5{SL SIM Z[BFB\0 ,F\AM ,FU[ K[
TDFZF HJFAGL RSF;6L DF55ÎL J0[ SZM
sVF0L ,L8L SZTF\ pEL ,L8L DM8L ,FU[
A B G[ mf
 VF\B VF0F Z[BFB\0G[ ;Z/TFYL H]V[ K
ßIFZ[ pEF Z[BFB\0G[ Ô[JFDF\ VF\BG
D zD 50[ K[ DF8[ T[ DM8M ,FU[ K[P
78 
(4)
 AB Z[BFB\0 T[DH
CD Z[BFB\0DF\ SM6
A B
JWFZ[ DM8M K[P DF55ÎLYL TDF
HJFAGL RSF;6L SZMP
sAB Z[BFB\0
CD SZTF\ DM8M ,FU[ K[ G[ mf
C D  AgG[ Z[BFB\0GL ,\AF. ;DFG K[ V[S

Z[BFB\0G[ TLZ B[\R[ K[ ALÔ
Z[BFB\0G[ TLZ NAFJ[ABK[P DF8[
Z[BFB\0 DM8M N[BFI K[P
(5)
A  A VG[B JT]"/DF\YL SI] JT]"/ DM8]
N[BFI K[P TDFZF VG]DFGGL RSF;6
SZJF l+ßIF DF55ÎLYL DF5MP
sA JT]"/B SZTF\ DM8] N[BFI K[ G[ mf
B
 ACFZ ZC[, RMZ; JT]"/G[ B[\R[ K[
ßIFZ[ V\NZ ZC[,M RMZ; JT]"/G[
V\NZ B[\R[ K[P
A JT]"/
DF8[ DM8]
N[BFI K[P ClSSTDF\ AgG[ JT]"/M
;ZBF H K[P
(6) VãxI YT] JT]"/
 TDFZ]\ GFS GLR[ ATFJ[, GFGF JT]"/ 5Z ZFBMP X]\ Ô[

sp5ZGF A[ SF/F JT]"/DF\YL V[S JT]"/ VãxI Y. ÔI K[Pf
ãlQ8E| D PPP 79
(7) S[SGM TM0[,M 8]S0M Ô[JM
 TD[ Ô[XM TM V[S S[SDF\YL V[S l5|HD VFSFZGM 8]S

K[P VF lR+G[ p\W] SZLG[ H]VMP
sA]SG[
180 0 B}6[ O[ZJLG[ H]VMf X]\ N[BFI K[ m
 S[SGM BMJFI[,M l5|hD VFSFZGM 8]S0M Ô[JF D/X[P

sãlQ8 E|DYL Ô[. XSFI K[Pf
(8)
 V[S SFU/ 5Z p5Z ATFjIF 5|DF6[GF l+SM6MGM ;D}C NM

V[S 5FZNX"S SFU/ 5Z AFH]DF\ ATFJ[, JT]"/ H[J]\ JT]"/
 VF 5FZNX"S SFU/G[ l+SM6 NMZ[,F SFU/ 5Z D}SL X]\ Ô
T5F;MP
sJT]"/ lJS'T YI[,] ,FUX[f
 JT]"/GF 5lZ3G[ l+SM6GL AFH]VMGL l:YlT 5|DF6[ B[\R
lJS'T ,FU[ K[P
80 
(9)
 V[S lR+DF\ SF/F Z\UYL Z\UFI[, JT]"/ K
ALÔ lR+DF\ SF/F DM8F JT]"/DF\ V[S ;O
Z\UG]\ JT]"/ K[P 5C[,F lR+G]\ SF/F Z\U
JT]"/ VG[ ALÔ lR+DF\ ;O[N Z\UG]\ JT]"
SI]\ DM8] ,FU[ K[ m TDFZF HJFAGL RSF
T[GL l+ßIF DF5L H]VMP
s;O[N JT]"/ DM8] N[BFI K[ G[ mf
 ;O[N Z\UGL BF;LIT K[ S[ T[GF lSZ6
VF\BDF\ 50[ S[ TZT T[ T[GL WFZ VF;5
H 5|;Z[ K[ V[8,[ ;O[N JT]"/ DM8]
N[BFI K[P JF:TJDF\ AgG[ JT]"/M
;ZBF K[P
(10) C
A B
 AB VG[CDZ[BFB\0 5{SL SIM DM8M ,FU[ K[ m TDFZF

RSF;6L SZMP
sCD Z[BFB\0
AB Z[BFB\0 SZTF DM8M N[BFI K[ G[ mf
 VF0L Z[BF SZTF\ pEL Z[BF Ô[JFDF\ VF\BG[ TS,LO

V[8,[ T[ DM8L ,FU[ K[P
ãlQ8E| D PPP 81
(11) ;DFgTZ Z[BFG]\ ;DF\TZtJ KLGJF. ÔI K[P
(1) (2)
 AgG[ VFS'lTDF\ Z[BFB\0M ;DF\TZ H K[P 56 VFS'lT v ! D

V\TZ JWL UI] CMI T[J]\ ,FU[ K[ G[ m
 VFS'lT v ! DF\ JrR[GF EFUDF\ Z[BFVM D/[ K[P Z[BF
EFU lJ:TZTM CMI T[ TZO T[GL ;FY[GL Z[BF B[\RF
;DFgTZ Z[BFGM JrR[GM EFU 5CM/M YFI K[P VFS'lT
;DF\TZ Z[BFGM JrR[GM EFU ;F\S/M N[BFI K[P
(12) VFS'lTGL Z[BFVM ;DF\TZ K[ m
 VFS'lTDF\ AWL Z[BFVM JF\SL R}\SL N[BFI K[ G[ m

sãlQ8 E|DYL ;DF\TZ Z[BF CMJF KTF\ ;DF\TZ ,FUTL GY
82 
9 Ul6T TS" lJS;FJTL
ZDTM
(1)
 VF 5|DF6[ V[S 5}\9F\ 5Z GJ BFGF NMZMP 5C[,F RFZ B

S]SZL K[<,F RFZ BFGFDF\ SF/L S]SZLVM D}SMP
 VMKFDF\ VMKF 5|IF;YL RFZ[ ;O[N S]SZL HD6L AFH
VG[ RFZ[ SF/L S]SZL 0FAL AFH] VFJL ÔIP
S]SZL R,FJJFGF lGIDM

 SM. 56 S]SZL 5F;[GF BF,L BFGFDF\ H. XS[P
 SF/L S]SZL 5KL ;O[N S]SZL CMI VG[ 5KLG]\ BFG]\ B
T[G[ 9[SLG[ T[ SF/L S]SZL H. XS[P VF H ZLT[ ;O[N S
V[S H S]SZLG[ 9[SL XS[ Ô[ tIF\ BFG] BF,L CMI TMP
 V[S 5KL V[S V[D RFZYL 5F\R lD+M VF ZDT ZDL XS
VMKF :8[5DF\ VG[ VMKFDF\ VMKF ;DIDF\ SM6 ZD
XS[ K[ T[ GM\WM VG[ lJH[TF ÔC[Z SZMP
GM\W VF ZDTDF\ VMKFDF\

25 :8[5GL
VMKF H~Z 50X[P 5|IF; SZL H]VM
 HM AgG[ AFH] RFZ SF/L VG[ RFZ ;O[N S]SZL K[ T[
SF/L VG[ 5F\R ;O[N CMI TM ZDT 5}ZL SZJF S[8,F :8[
50X[P 5|IF; SZMP
Ul6T TS" lJS;FJTL ZDTMPPP 83

(2) A B C
 V[S ,\ARMZ; 5}\9]\ ,MP T[DF\ +6 BFGF 5F0MP +6 S]SZ

V[S AFH] ;O[N Z\UYL Z\U[, K[P ALÒ AFH] SF/F Z\UY
 VFS'lTDF\ ATFjIFA5|DF6[
VG[C BFGFDF\ ;O[N Z\U p5Z ZC[ T[
ZLT[ S]SZL D}SMP
B BFGFDF\
VG[ SF/M Z\U p5Z ZC[ T[ ZLT[ D}
S[D ZDXM m
 V[S ;FY[ A[ S]SZLGL AFH] AN,JFGL K[P V[8,[ S[ SF/F
;O[N VYJF ;O[N Z\UDF\YL SF/M Z\UP +6 5|IF; H SZJF
T[GFYL JWFZ[ 56 GlC4 VMKF 56 GlC VG[ 5lZ6FD[ +6
5Z SF/M Z\U p5Z VFJL ÔIP
(3)
1 8
2 4 5 6 9
3 7 10
 VlC\IF V[S AFH]V[ +6 SF/F Z\UGL S]SZL VG[ ALÒ AFH

Z\UGL S]SZL K[P
 VMKFDF\ VMKF :8[5GM p5IMU SZL SF/L S]SZL HD
VG[ ;O[N S]SZL 0FAL AFH]V[ VFJL ÔI T[D ZDJFG]\ K[
 S]SZLVMG[ ACFZ SF-L XSFTL GYLP T[G[ BF\RFJF/F
UM9J[, K[P
 S]SZL GÒSGF BF,L BFGFDF\ H V[S :8[5 RF,L XS[ K[
BFG]\ BF,L G CMI TM 9[SLG[ VFU/ H. XS[ GlCP
 V[S YL JWFZ[ VFJF ;FWG T{IFZ SZ[, CMI TM +6 RFZ
VF5MP SM6 h05YL ZDT 5}ZL SZL XS[ K[ VMKFDF\ V
:8[5GL H~Z 50[ K[P
84 
;DH
 5|YD2 BFGFGL S]SZL4 5Z
5C[,F
5KL5 5Z 5KL6 5Z ÔI K[P
 tIFZ AFN
1 BFGFGL S]SZL2 5C[,F
5Z 5KL4, 5 VG[7 5Z
ÔI K[P
 6 G\AZGF BFGFGL SF/L
5, 4, 2S]SZL
VG[1 BFGFDF\ ÔI K[P
 9 G\AZGL ;O[N6,S]SZL 5, 4, 2 G\AZ 5Z tIFZ AFN
8 G\AZGL
;O[N S]SZL 9, 6, 5, 4 5Z tIFZ AFN7 G\AZ 5Z 50[, SF/L S]SZL
5, 6, 9, 8 5Z ÔI K[P V[8,[ S[ V[S G\AZ 5ZGL SF/L S]SZL H
AFH] 5CM\RL U.P
 VF ZLT[ ZDTDF\ VFU/ JWM VG[ +6[ SF/L S]SZLVMG[ H
VG[ +6[ ;ON S]SZLVMG[ 0FAL AFH] ,. HJF 5|IF; SZMP
 VF ZDTYL R5/TF4 WLZH4 RMÞ;F.DF\ JWFZM YFI K[P
(4)
 V[S SF0" AM0" 5Z p5Z ATFjIF

24 BFGF
5|DF6[
T{IFZ SZM
16 VG[
BFGFDF\ S]SZL p5Z ATFjIF 5|DF6[ D}SMP SM. 56 S]SZL
5Z 9[SLG[ BF,L BFGF 5Z SM. 56 CFZ S[ :T\EDF\ H. XSX
HJFG]]\ GYLP H[ S]SZL 5ZYL ALÒ S]SZL 9[SLG[ ÔI T[ S
p5F0L ,[JLP V[S S]SZL JW[ T[ ZLT[ ZDT 5}ZL SZMP
 Ô[ V[S YL JWFZ[ S]SZL JW[ VG[ RF,JFG]\ A\W Y. ÔI TM
YX[P V[8,[ S[ VF56[ CFZL UIFP OZLYL GJ[ ;ZYL ZDT Z

(5)
 VF ZLT[ 5}\9F\
33 BFGF
5Z T{IFZ SZMP
O lGXFGL
H[DF\ JF/] JrR[G]\
BFG]\ BF,L K[P AFSLGF
32 BFGFDF\ V[S H Z\UGL S]SZLV
D}S[,L K[P
 SM. 56 S]SZL 5F;[GL S]SZLG[ 9[SLG[ T[GL 5KLGF BF
H. XS[P VG[ H[GL 5ZYL 9[SLG[ UI[, K[ T[ S]SZLG[
p5F0L ,MP
 VF ZLT[ ZDT VFU/ ,. ÔJ VG[ DF+ AM0" 5Z V[S H S]SZL
tIF\ ;]WL ZDJFGM 5|IF; SZMP Ô[ AM0" 5Z V[SYL JWF
ÔI VG[ ZDT VFU/ JWL XS[ T[D G CMI TM TD[ CFZL U
 OZLYL ZDJFGL X~VFT SZMP YM0L WLZH VG[ U6TZ
ZDT 5}ZL SZL XSXMP
 Ô[ V[SYL JWFZ[ jIÂÉT ZDT 5]ZL SZL XS[ TM SM6[
,LWM T[ 5|YD lJH[TF AG[P
sVF ZDTYL WLZH4 RMÞ;F. VG[ TS"GM lJSF; YFI K[Pf
86 
(6)
 p5Z 5|DF6[ AM0" AGFJL T[DF\
SM. V[S BFG]\ BF,L ZFBL AFSLG
14 BFGFDF\ S]SZL D}SL
(5) ZDT
5|DF6[ H ZDL XSFIP DF+ AM0"
5Z V[S H S]SZL ZC[ tIFZ[ ZDT
5}ZL Y. U6FI4 JWFZ[ S]SZL ZC[
VG[ RF,JFG]\ A\W Y. ÔI TM
CFZL UIF U6FIP
(7) 37 5M.g8 YFI T[ ÒT[
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
 p5Z ATFjIF 5|DF6[ V[S SF0"10AM0" BFGF5Z NMZMP p5ZGL

CFZGF5 BFGFDF\
1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ,BMP GLR[GL CFZGF 5F\R BFG
BF,L ZFBMP ZDT A[ jIÂÉT JrR[ ZDL XSFIP WFZM S
TDFZM lD+ ZDT ZD[ K[P
 ;F{YL 5|YD TD[ S[ TDFZM lD+ SM. 56 ZDTGL X~VFT
K[P WFZM S[ TD[ ZDTGL X~VFT SZM KM VG[ TD[
GLR[GL CFZDF\
3 G\AZGL GLR[GF BFGFDF\ V[S S]SZL D}SM
TDFZF +6 5M.g8 YIFP
 tIFZ AFN TDFZF lD+GM JFZM VFJX[ VG[ H[ RFZ BF,L
5{SL SM. V[SDF\ S]SZL ,. H. XSX[P 5 G\AZGF
WFZMGLR[GF
S[
BFGFDF\ S]SZL ,. ÔI TM T[GF 5M.g8
4+5= 9 YFIP
 VF H ZLT[ OZL TDFZM JFZM VFJX[P OZL TD[ AFSL
BFGF 5{SL SM. V[SDF\ H. XSXM4 OZL lD+GM JFZM
JBT[ 5M.g8 JWTF H HFIP
 H[GF 5M.g8
37 S[ T[GFYL JWFZ[ YFI T[ ÒTL ÔIP
ZDT ZDJFGL B}A DÔ 50X[P
TDFZ[ RMÞ; ÒTJ]\ H CMI TM4
TDFZF 5M.g8
4, 11, 17, 24, 30, 37 YFI T[ ZLT[ TDFZL S]SZL
D}SJL Ô[.V[P SNFR X~VFTDF\YL G UM9JFI TM JrR
p5ZGF 5M.g8 YFI T[ ZLT[ UM9JJF 5|ItG SZXM TM RM
HXMP
GM\W Ô[ SF0" AM0"DF\
5 × 2 = 10 BFGFG[ AN,[
7 × 2 = 14 BFGF ,.V[
VG[ p5ZGF 7 BFGFDF\
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ,BL ZDT ZDLV[ VG[
Ô[60 S[ T[GFYL JWFZ[ 5M.g8 YFI T[ ÒT[ T[D ZDJ]\ CMI
ÒTL H HJFI V[ DF8[ ÊlDS 5M.g8 ÉIF CMJF Ô[.V[ T[ D[
5|IF; SZMP
(8)
6  VFS'lTDF\ ATFjIF 5|DF6[ GJ
6 8 GFGF JT]"/M K[P
 VF9 ;DT, JT]"/FSFZ S]SZL 5Z
. 4
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 G\AZ ,B[,F
K[P T[G[ UD[ T[D VFS'lTDF
5 2 ATFjIF 5|DF6[ S[ VgI ZLT[ G\AZ
1 ,B[, S]SZLVM D}SMP V[S BFG
BF,L ZC[X[P
CJ[ S]SZLG[ ,L8L NMZ[,L Z[BF 5ZYL ,. H. BF,L JT]"/G
5Z ,. H. XSFI 9[SF0JFGL GYL DF+ V[S :8[5 :YFGF\TZ
SZJFG]\ K[P
 ßIFZ[ AWL H S]SZL R0TF ÊDDF\ UM9JF. ÔI tIFZ[ ZD
YX[P VMKF ;DIDF\ SM6 UM9JL XS[ K[ T[ GÞL SZMP
 YM0M 5|IF; SZJFYL R0TF ÊDDF\ V[8,[ S[
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 V[D VFJL ÔI T[D UM9JJFGL K[P
sVF ZDT WLZH4 RMÞ;F. T[DH TS"GM lJSF; SZ[ K[Pf
DFU"NX"G
VF5 G\AZGL S]SZLG[ C,FJXM GlCP GLR[ 5|DF6[ V[S p
G\AZ ,B[,F K[ T[G[ ÊD 5|DF6[7,B;[0MP6, 3, 7, 6,
1, 2, 4, 1, 3, 8, 1, 3, 2, 4, 3, 2
 VF Â:YlTDF\ S]SZLVM R0TF ÊDDF\ UM9JF. HX[P VF
VgI pS[,M K[ 5|IF; SZMP DFYFS}8 X~ SZM VG[ lJS;FJM
88 
10 lJlXQ8 ;\bIFVM
 
= 
1
5C[,L ;\bIF  x
x 2
x1
ALÒ ;\bIF 
x2
 1  x 1
AgG[GM EFUFSFZ  x 
x2 x2
 x 1

 1  x 1
AgG[GM ;ZJF/M  x   x 1
 x 2 x 2
x GL SM.56 5|FS'lTS ;\bIF ,. XSFIP
1 4
x  1 ,.V[ TM 5C[,L ;\bIF  1 
3 3
11 2
ALÒ ;\bIF  
1 2 3
4 2
AgG[GM EFUFSFZ    2
3 3
4 2
AgG[GM ;ZJF/M    2
3 3
VFJL ALÒ ;\bIF
9 3
s!f x  2 ,. ,
4 4
16 4
sZf x  3 ,. ,
5 5
lJlXQ8 ;\ b IFVMPPP 89
 
= 
1
5C[,L ;\bIF x  ALÒ ;\bIF x  1
x2
 1  x 1
A[ ;\bIFGM EFUFSFZ   x    ( x  1) 
 x2 x2
 1  x 1
A[ ;\bIFGL AFNAFSL   x    ( x  1) 
 x2 x2
x GL 1, 2 l;JFIGL SM.56 5|FS'lTS

;\bIF ,. XSFIP
x  3 ,. 5C[,L ;\bIF 4 ALÒ ;\bIF 2
42  2 42  2
VFJL H ALÒ ;\bIF
9 16
s!f x  4 ,. 2 , 3 sZf x  5 ,.G[
3
, 4
 
= 
1
V[S ;\bIF 1 VG[ ALÒ ;\bIF x  1 ßIF\ x  SM.56 5|FS'lTS
x
;\bIF ,[JFYL T[ A[ ;\bIFGM U]6FSFZ = T[ A[ ;\bIFGM ;ZJF/M D/X[P
 1
H[D S[ U]6FSFZ   1   ( x  1)
 x
 1
;ZJF/M   1    ( x  1)
 x
AgG[ ;ZBF YX[P
90 
 x  2 ,.V[
1 1 3
1  1 
x 2 2
x 1 2 1 3
3
T[YL V[S ;\bIF = ALÒ ;\bIF = 3
2
1 10
VF H ZLT[ V[S ;\bIF 3   ALÒ ;\bIF 3  1  4
3 3
VF H ZLT[ ALÒ ;\ b IFVM ,BL XSFIP
5 8 11
s!f , 5 sZf ,8 s#f , 12 lJU[Z[PPP
4 7 10
 
= 
x
H[ DF8[ V[S ;\bIF x ALÒ ;\bIF
x 1
 x 
U]6FSFZ  x 
 x  1
x
AFNAFSL  x  x GL SM.56 5|FS'lTS ;\bIF ,. XSFIP
x 1
x x
V[8,[ S[ x   x
x 1 x 1
2
x  2 ,. D/TL ;\bIF 2 T[DH 3
2 4
AgG[GM U]6FSFZ  2 
3 3
2 4
AgG[GL AFNAFSL  2 
3 3
VFJL ALÒ ;\ b IFVM
3 4 5
s!f 3 , sZf 4 , s#f 5 , lJU[Z[
4 5 6
 RFZ ÊlDS 3G ;\bIFGM U]6FSFZ +1 V[ C\D[XF 5}6"JU" ;\bIF YX[
H[D S[
(1 2  3  4)  1  24  1  25  5 2  (1 4  1) 2
(2  3  4  5)  1  120  1  121  112  (2  5  1) 2
(3  4  5  6)  1  360  1  361  19 2  (3  6  1) 2
jIF5S ZLT[
x( x  1)( x  2)( x  3)  [ x( x  3)  1]2
x GL SM.56 3G lS\DT ,. XSFIP
 9091 
SM.56 5 VF\S0FGL ;\bIFG[ 5C[,F\ 11 J0[ VG[ 5KL 9091 J0[ U]6JFYL
HJFA H[ 5F\R VF\S0FGL ;\bIF WFZ[, K[ T[ H ;\bIF A[ JBT 5F;[ 5F;[
,BJFYL H[ ;\bIF D/[ T[ AGX[P

WFZM S[ 5F\R VF\S0FGL ;\bIF = 76543
76543 × 11 = 841973
CJ[ 841973 × 9091 = 7654376543

WFZM S[ 5F\R VF\S0FGL ;\bIF = 45102
45102 × 11 = 496122
CJ[ 496122 × 9091 = 4510245102

VF56[ Ô6LV[ KLV[ S[ 11 × 9091 = 100001
SM.56 5F\R VF\S0FGL ;\bIFG[ 100001 J0[ U]6TF C\D[XF T[ 5F\R
VF\S0FGL AFH]DF\ OZLYL T[ 5F\R VF\S0F D]SL H[ ;\bIF D/[ T[ ;\bIF
D/X[P
92 
 
H]NL H]NL lÊIFVM 56 VF\S0FVM ;DFG
(1) 63  3 = 63  3
(2) (2  7)2  16 = 272  16
(3) 12  42 = 21 24
(4) 169 = 16  9
(5) 13 62 = 31 26
(6) 5 6  2 = 625
(7) 1936 =  1 9  36
(8) 145 = 1! + 4! + 5!
ßIF\ 4! = 4 × 3 × 2 × 1
5! = 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1
1! = 1
(9) 13  23  33  43 = (1 2  3  4) 2
(10) 2 + 3 + 7 = 1+5+6
22  3 2  7 2 = 12  5 2  6 2
(11) 1 4 1213 20 = 2  3  10  16  19
12  42 122 132  202 = 2 2  3 2  10 2  16 2  19 2
13  43  123  133  203 = 2 3  3 3  10 3  16 3  17 3
(12) 23+18+17+7+6+1 = 22+21+13+11+3+2

232  182  172  72  62  12 = 222  212  132  112  32  22
VF H ZLT[ NZ[S 5NGM 3G ,.G[ 56 ;DLSZ6 AGX[P

NZ[S 5NGL RFZ 3FT ,.G[ 56 ;DLSZ6 AGX[P
NZ[S 5NGL 5F\R 3FT ,.G[ 56 ;DLSZ6 AGX[P
 1, 2, 3, .......... 9 
1 9 
[
13458
1 = 198765432 2 =
6729
17469 15768
3 = 4 =
5823 3942
13485 17658
5 = 6 =
2697 2943
16758 25496
7 = 8 =
2394 3187
57429
9 =
6381










sHJFA 5FGF G\P 42 5Zf
94 
ccV\U |[Ò VF I] U GL VlGJFI" VFJ0T K[ T[ G[ VJU6L XSFI H GlC
;DH6G]\ DFwID DFT'EFQFF H CMJ]\ Ô[.V[PP
H[ EFQFFDF\ DF6; lJRFZ[ K[4 T[ H EFQFFDF\ T[ DC¿D XLBL XS[
K[ P PPcc




 DFwID U]HZFTLvp¿D V\U|[Ò ;FY[ p¿D lGJF;L AMIh
XF/FP
 TS"XÂÉTvA]lâXÂÉTv;DHXÂÉTvIFNXÂÉTGF lJSF;GM
;]EU ;DgJIP
 EZF0 ;FC[AGF ccJWFZ[ U]6 D[/JMcc VG[ ccD[ÒS D[DZLcc
5]:TSMGL VlEGJ VeIF; 8[SlGÉ; äFZF lX1F6P
 VnTG KF+F,I ;]lJWF ;FY[ VnTG X{1Fl6S ;FWGMP

 l0U|L V[lgHlGIlZ\U SM,[H
s!f l;lJ, sZf lDS[lGS, s#f SMd%I}8Z
s$f .,[S8=MlGS; V[g0 SMdI]lGS[XG s5f VF.P8LP
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web site : www.bharadfoundation.com
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Maths - Science creative education series book - 2

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3 S[8,F RMZ; m S[8,F l+SM6 m 51

4 l+SM6LIvRT] Q SM6LIv5\ R SM6LIvQF8SM6LI 53

7 lJlXQ8 ÔN]. RMZ;M 61

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9 Ul6T TS" lJS;FJTL ZDTM 83

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8. JrR[ X}gIM D}SL 5}6" JU" AGFJJ]\

 D}/ 5}6" JU" ;\bIF

(xi) SM. 56 ;DF\TZ z[6LGF\ RFZ 5NM

10. 5|FS'lTS ;\bIF

11. 76923 ;\bIFGL lJlXQ8TF

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(1)1. A[ VF\S0FGL ;\bIF SCL VF5JLP

(2) T[ G\AZG[ A[ J0[ U]6MP 6×2 = 12

(3) 5lZ6FD(2) DF\

(4) 5lZ6FD(3) G[5 J0[ U]6MP 14 × 5 = 70

(5) 5lZ6FD(4) DF\ V[SDGM V\S pD[ZMP

(6) 5lZ6FD(5) DF\YL

5lZ6FD(6) lD+GL WFZ[,L ZSD YX[P

;DH WFZM S[ x;\bIF

TD[ Ô[. XSM KM

(2) 5lZ6FD(1) DF\

(3) 5lZ6FD(2) GF AD6F SZMP 22 × 2 = 44

(4) 5lZ6FD(3) DF\ ALÔ 5F;F 5ZGM V\S44pDZMP

(5) 5lZ6FD(4) DF\

HJFA VF5JFGL ZLT

p5ZGF K[<,F 5lZ6FDDF\YL 39 AFN SZTF\

ßIF\ NXSGM V\S 5C[,F 5F;F 5ZGM G\AZ K[P

Ul6TDF\ DGMZ\ H GPPP 17

 K[<,] 5lZ6FD 5}KM VG[ T[GF 5ZYL TD[ TDFZF lD+

HJFA VF5JFGL ZLT

(2) (A) 11 (B) 14 (C) 55

(3) T[DF\ JQF"GF12DlCGF

(5) T[DF\ TDFZL p\DZ pD[ZMP

(6) T[DF\ JQF"GF365lNJ;M

 U6TZLG]\ K[<,]\ 5lZ6FD SC[JF ;}RJMP T[GF 5ZYL lD

HJFA VF5JFGL ZLT

Ul6TDF\ DGMZ\ H GPPP 19

S[<SI],[8ZGM p5IMU SZJMP

(6) 5lZ6FD(5) G[8 J0[ EFUMP 336  8 = 42

(7) T[DF\YL D}/ ;\bIF AFN SZMP42 – 36 =6

VF 5|SFZGL U6TZLDF\ C\D[XF6K[<,\]

(6) 5lZ6FD(5) G[8 J0[ EFUMP ----------------- =x+6

(7) T[DF\YL D}/ ;\bIF AFN SZMP

(6) 5lZ6FD(5) G[2 J0[ EFUMP 260  2 = 130

 TDFZF ;CFISG[ 5}KM K[<,\] 5lZ6FD S[8,]\ VFjI] m T[G

HJFA VF5JFGL ZLT

 H[ 5lZ6FDDF\ NXSGM VF\S lD+GM G\AZ K[ VG[ Ô[ V[

Ul6TDF\ DGMZ\ H GPPP 21