FIRST CITY PROVIDENTIAL COLLEGE

Narra, Francisco Homes, City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan

Perceptions of Grade 11 students in First City Providential

College towards the Out-of-school Youth Programs of the
Current Administration

A Research Proposal presented to

Senior High School Student of

First City Providential College

In Partial Fulfilment of the

Requirement for the subject

Research for Daily Life 1

Research conducted by

Lanny M. Roberto

11 – HUMSS 1

Academic Year 2019 – 2020

2ND Semester

1
 CHAPTER I

Introduction

Youth are people in the ages of 15-24 years old. As an individual

reaches these years of his or her life, there are important needs that he
or she must obtain in order to be developed properly, and education is
one of the most vital elements that affects one's progression; however,
there are less fortunate citizens who are incapable of attending
academic institutions due to variety of crisis which rendered them to
perform other activities that are inappropriate for their age. According
to Bird (2018), one in four Filipinos with the ages of 16-24 is not in
employment, education or training (NEET). This implies the struggle of
youth in finding jobs without college degrees. It increases the
unemployment rate in the Philippines which may drown the country in
poverty. Thus, this study aims to understand perceptions of Grade 11
students towards the out-of-school youth programs of the current
administration. This probe will be conducted in the premises of First
City Providential College and respondents will be selected randomly by
the researcher. Students from Grade 11 students will be interviewed by
the researcher.

2
Related Literature

It is unquestionable that the augmenting case of out-of-school

youth is a one of the crisis faced by the Philippines. For over 200
million out-of-school youth in the world, the population of Filipino
youths suffering the same case encompassed over four million
citizens (Jaymalin, 2019). The youth might be unemployed, not
attending school and face bleak job opportunities. The possibility of
increase in the current number of out-of-school youth is evident as
numerous adverse circumstances hinder their participation in
academic institutions and job-related initiatives. Some of these
obstacles are being homeless, have disabilities, juvenile record or
simply of lack interest.

In addition, almost half of the population of out-of-school youth

were claimed to be averse to work. According to Department of
Labor and Employment (DOLE), 73% of the youth classified under
"not in education and employment" (NEE) status are not in labor or
economically inactive. Such fact implies the lack of interest to
opportunities among some of the youth which impedes the effects of
administered programs to address the issue.

On the other hand, projects with regards to out-of-school youth

cases must develop the essential skills of the participants which may
support them in the future. Witt and Caldwell (2017) observed that
qualities of an effective out-of-school youth program involves
development of cognitive and social abilities. Such traits may be
utilized to seek higher education, employment or entrepreneurship.
Given the fact that academic intelligence is a one of the demands of
society to obtain a financially stabled job, literacy is an aspect that
must be explored in the programs. As most of the out-of-school youth

3
are not attending any academic institutions, their knowledge and
skills are limited to what their environment can provide. According to
Butler and Ignatowski (2010), out-of-school youth projects must
examine how literacy are being developed among the participants,
and equip them with skills that they will be needing in the future. The
success of the schemes ensures their proficiency which gives a
possibility of facile performance in pursuing higher education or
employment.

Moreover, one of the requirements for job applications is a

diploma which an out-of-school youth may fail to submit. The struggle
of finding a decent job due to barriers that hinder the opportunities to
attend academic establishments boosts the unemployment rate of
the country. This has been a crisis in the Philippines for years.

In order to address such issue, numerous actions were

implemented, and one of which is a program designed to aid and
guide the respondents towards a better future. Deriquito (2014)
claimed that the Department of Education (DepEd) proposed a
project which aims to map out-of-school youth and match them with
the appropriate government, private-sector, or civil-society programs
that will give opportunities for higher forms of education. With such
advantages, the potential of out-of-school youth in different aspects
may be enhanced, and possibly catalyzed into a successful outcome.

Furthermore, another program established to present a potential

solution with regards to the augmenting case of out-of-school youth
focuses on the field of entrepreneurship. There is no better way to
test the affectability of the skills acquired by the youth through
multiple challenges than starting a small livelihood. According to Witt
and Caldwell (2017), the abilities enhanced and opportunities given

4
to the participants during the programs will, and only will be proven if
put in to challenge.

Additionally, engagement of participants to activities applied in the

programs may present a positive effect to their skills whose utilization
may result to return in education, employment or entrepreneurship.
Despite the projects executed to impede the obstacles that interfere
with the opportunity of out-of-school youth to success, the foundation
of change and a better future will always be the heart of youth, itself.

Related Studies

Out of school youth, according to Hossain (2015), is defined as

16 to 24 years old who are not attending any academic institutions,
and have one or more barriers to employment. They are either
homeless, parenting, have disabilities, juvenile record or they simply
lack interest. These situations may hinder the youth in attending
schools or finding stable jobs which diminishes the productive rate of
the country.

In addition, it is undeniable that out-of-school youth cases are

evident in the current state of the Philippines. This is due to the
challenges encountered by the youth that rendered them to engage
in activities inappropriate for their age. Reyes and Rajasekaran
(2019) stated that there are over 200 million out-of-school youth and
adolescents experiencing adverse life circumstances and multiple
disadvantages. Such condition implies that out-of-school youth cases
became a social and global problem for years.

5
 In order to address the issue, several programs were
implemented by the government which aid the less fortunate youths
in developing their skills. Some of these projects are alternative
learning system accreditation and equivalency (ALS A&E) and The
Millenials Development Goals. Both were claimed to have a
significant effect to the respondents of the programs in improving
their cognitive and social skills.

Implementation of such projects became a plausible solution to

subside the augmenting rate of out-of-school youth. Apao et. al
(2014) claimed that ALS A&E program has refined the quality of
living of the respondents as they continue their pursuit and
significance in life. In addition, The Millenial Development Goals
promoted entrepreneurship as one of the major platforms to support
social and economic development for youth (Lai et. al., 2017).

Furthermore, ALS passers improved their quality of living by

engaging in jobs and entrepreneurship activities that increase
financial stability (Apao et. al., 2014). Despite the young age, youth
may contribute in providing for their families. As out-of-school youth
immerse in such tasks, possibilities of diminishing the unemployment
rate in the country is evident. Also, Lai et. al. (2017) stated that
implementation of youth entrepreneurship training program is
motivated by the realization that fostering entrepreneurship can help
in addressing youth unemployment.

Moreover, private sector employers were engaged to conduct job-

related initiatives for youth (Hossain, 2015). This opens an
opportunity for them to be employed and be financially capable to

6
support their primary needs and activities. With such circumstances,
out-of-school youth will be given a chance to utilize their skills in
order to be independent.

On the other hand, reengagement of out-of-school youth in

education is one of the methods in addressing the escalating issue
(Reyes and Rajasekaran, 2019). As there are numerous barriers that
hinder an individual to attend academic institution, alternative
programs were implemented. One of such activities is alternative
learning system accreditation and equivalency (ALS A&E) which
allows one to study a variety of academic subjects, and take an
examination that may accelerate him or her to higher education.

Given that education and entrepreneurship gives an opportunity

to out-of-school youth in developing their skills, an individual still has
his or her own freedom to choose whether to participate in such
programs or not. Even with the imposition of numerous academic
and job-related projects, the willingness to engage is still depends
upon the out-of-school youth.

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 Conceptual Framework

Out-of-school
youth

Development
Skills

Education Entrepreneurship
The graph shows the relationship between the four variables
involved in the study: Out-of-school-youth, development skills,
education and entrepreneurship. The participants (out-of-school-
youth) of the programs encompassed in this probe will undergo
various activities to develop their skills, which may result to
education or entrepreneurship.

Statement of the Problem

The main objective of this study is to understand perceptions of
Senior high school students towards the out-of-school youth
programs of the current administration, and articulate a possible
solution to address the problem.
Specifically, this research aims the following:
1. Appraise the perceptions of Senior high school students.

8
2. Assess how the students' perspectives differ and be similar to
each other.
3. Evaluate the information from the gathered data.
Significance of the Study
This study is significant in probing the perceptions of Senior High
school students in First City Providential College towards the out-of-
school youth programs of the current administration. It is also
beneficial to the following:
•Grade 11 and 12 students—This study is beneficial, for it
encompasses the youth outside academic institutions. Through this
probe, the Senior High school students will be aware of the cases of
out-of-school youth.
•Government Education Sector—By gathering different
perspectives from Senior High school students, the government
officials in education sector will be apprehensive about the future
programs with regards to the topic.
•Future researchers—This research is beneficent because it may
help them to support their research topics. In addition, the challenges
encountered in this study may serve as a warning for them in
accomplishing their task.

Scope and Limitation

This study covers the perceptions of Senior High school students
in First City Providential College towards the out-of-school youth
programs of the current administration. However, it will not tackle the
other effects of poverty in the country. With limited sources and
scopes, this study is bound to achieve its goal with the help of 20
respondents from the Senior High school students of First City
Providential College, located at Barangay Narra, Francisco Homes,
City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan. The survey was conducted last
January 2020.

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 Definition of Terms

•Out-of-school Youth—It is defined as 16 to 24 years old who

are not attending any academic institutions, and have one or
more barriers to employment (Hossain, 2015).
•Social Skills—It is the ability to talk or handle other people with
regards to their common interest.
•Education—It is regarded as the foundation of one's
development, and a process of acquiring knowledge and skills.
•Entrepreneurship—A process in which one starts, manages
and organizes a business in order to earn money.
•Employment—It is an activity in which an individual involves in
labor to earn wage that ranges according to the kind of job.
•Alternative Learning System (ALS)—An activity which allows
one to study a variety of academic subjects, and take an
examination that may accelerate him or her to higher education
(Apao et. al., 2014).
•Cognitive Skills—It is considered as one of the two important
skills that must be developed in an out-of-school youth program. It
involves the ability to think, understand, learn, and remember.
•Literacy—An ability to write, read and understand what has
been written in a context.
•Academic Intelligence—It is considered as one of the demands
of society to obtain a financially stabled job. It involves excellency
in academic performance.

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 CHAPTER II
METHODOLOGY
The methodology section of this research is all about the
descriptive research that tackles about the perceptions of Grade 11
students towards the out-of-school youth programs of the current
administration. This research was done in the vicinity of First City
Providential College. The sources of this research are to answer
interview questions honestly and truthfully. The results or the
information that will be gained from the answers of the respondents
were very convenient for the research. Lastly, the respondents are
Grade 11 students.

RESEARCH DESIGN
A descriptive research about the perceptions of Grade 11 students
towards the out-of-school youth programs of the current
administration which is a qualitative research. The method is used
because it identifies various ideas, different opinions and several
perspectives of the respondents who are the Grade 11 students. This
research is made to determine perceptions of Grade 11 students
towards the out-of-school youth programs of the current
administration. This method also summarizes credible sources of
information and applies high standards defines that the research can
be imitated, reproduced, observed and differentiated with other
studies.

RESEARCH SETTING

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 The qualitative research was done in the vicinity of First City
Providential College. The researcher knew there are perceptions of
Grade 11 students towards the out-of-school youth programs of the
current administration
RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY
The respondents were the Grade 11 students of First City
Providential College. The respondents must give perceptions
towards the out-of-school youth programs of the current
administration for him or her to be eligible for the research. Lastly,
the respondents must be honest and truthful when answering the
interview questions. This study has used the random samples
specifically convenience sample.

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURES

At least a minute or two is given to the respondents before they
respectively answer the questions. Each question has its own
significant means that can give explanation to the said topic. Also,
the questions that were asked to elaborate more the research
questions which were very convenient to the study. Furthermore,
random sampling, specifically convenience sampling is the kind of
sampling that was used.

DATA GATHERING INSTRUMENTS

The researcher used interview questions for this study with a
qualitative type. 10 questions comprised the said interview.

DATA PROCESSING
The researcher asked 10 questions to the respondents
through an interview. Each question has its own significant means in
explaining the perceptions of Grade 11 students towards the out-of-
school youth programs of the current administration.

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 CHAPTER III

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Table 1: Percentage of the data gathered

Questions Strongly Agree Disagree Strongly TOTAL

Agree (3) (2) Disagree
(4) (1)
1. Alternative learning system accreditation 55% 35% 10% 0% 100%
and equivalency (ALS A&E) program refines
the quality of living of the respondents as
they continue their pursuit and significance
in life.
2.Out-of-school youth projects must 45% 55% 0% 0% 100%
examine how literacy is being developed
among the participants
3.Out-of-school youth is a crisis faced by the 40% 50% 10% 5% 100%
Philippines.
4. ALS passers improved their quality of 25% 55% 15% 5% 100%
living.
5. Qualities of an effective out-of-school 50% 45% 0% 5% 100%
youth program involves development of
cognitive and social abilities.
6. Reengagement of out-of-school youth in 40% 45% 10% 5% 100%
attending academic institutions is an
effective scheme.
7. Academic intelligence is a one of the 60% 35% 5% 0% 100%
demands of society to obtain a financially
stabled job.
8. Fostering entrepreneurship can help in 45% 55% 0% 0% 100%
addressing youth unemployment.
9. Job-initiatives give opportunities for 40% 55% 5% 0% 100%
employment.
10. Implementing a variety of programs 35% 55% 5% 5% 100%

13
diminishes the population of out-of-school
youth

Male and female respondents

Among the 20 respondents that agreed to participate in

this study that aims to understand perceptions of Grade 11
students towards the out-of-school youth programs of the
current administration, 40% are male, which is 8 students; and
the remaining 60%, which is 12 participants, are female.

Figure 1

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 Over 11 out of 20 students
which are 55% strongly favoured
that ALS program refines the
quality of living of the respondents
as they continue their pursuit and
significance in life. Also, 7
participants or 35% agreed,
while there are 10% or equal
to Figure
2 students
2
who disagreed.

Almost half of the

participants, which 55% or 11
students, agreed that literacy
must be developed among
the respondents of out-of-
school youth schemes. The other 45% or equal to 9 students strongly coincided

Figure 3

Over 10 out of 20 students,

which are 50% agreed, and 40% or
8 participants strongly favoured that
out-of-school youth is a crisis faced
by the Philippines. While 10% or
equal to 2 students disagreed, and
1 student who strongly
disapproved.

Figure 4
15
 Most of the students,
which are 55% or 11
participants, agreed that the
ALS passers' improvement of
quality of living, and there are
25% or equal to 5 students
who strongly favoured. While 3
respondents, which are 15%,
and 5% or 1 student suggested
other perspectives.
Figure 5

Half of the respondents,

which are 10 students or 50%,
strongly agreed that an
effective OSY projects involves
development of cognitive and
social skills. Also, 9 students
which are 45% agreed while 1
student or 5% strongly
disapproved. Figure 6

Over 9 out of 20 students

which are 45% agreed that
encouragement of OSY to
attend academic institution is an
effective scheme. Also, 8
students or equal to 40%
strongly favoured, while 10% or
2 students disagreed and 1
respondent strongly opposed.
Figure 7

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 Most of the
respondents, which is 60%
or 12 out of 20 students
strongly coincided that
academic intelligence is one
of the demands of society to
have a financially stabled
job, and 35% or equal to 7
students agreed. While 1
participant or 5% disapproved. Figure 8

Almost half of the

students, which are 55% or
11 out of 20 respondents,
agreed that
entrepreneurship, as one of
the targeted field for OSY
schemes, addresses youth
unemployment; and 45% or
equal to 9 students strongly
approved.
Figure 9

11 out of 20
respondents or 55% agreed
that job-initiatives open
chances for OSY to be
employed. Also, 8 out of 20
students, which is 40%
strongly agreed while 1
participant or 5%
disapproved. Figure 10

17
 Figure 11

Almost half or the participants, which is 11 out of 20 or 55% agreed that variety
of implemented programs for OSY minimizes the population of affected citizens, and
35% or equal to 7 students strongly agreed. On the other hand, 1 student disagreed
and another strongly disapproved.

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 CHAPTER IV
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the findings, conclusions and recommendations

of this paper entitled Perceptions of Grade 11 Students in First City
Providential College towards the Out-of-school Youth Programs of the
Current Administration.

SUMMARY
This study aims to understand the perceptions of Grade 11 students
towards the out-of-school youth programs of the current administration,
and after the analysis of data, the researcher found out that numerous
respondents believe that out-of-school youth is indeed a crisis that the
Philippines is currently facing. Also, the perceptions of students are
based on the tackled aspect of the project: education, employment and
entrepreneurship. Most of them agree that academic intelligence is a
major factor towards employment and entrepreneurship, and some
argues that schemes regarding livelihood positively affects rate of
unemployment in the country. Although such aspects rendered the
decision of the respondents to agree or disagree, the findings gathered
by the researcher based on the perceptions of most Grade 11 students
towards OSY programs suggested assentation.

CONCLUSION
With the gathered data about the perceptions of Grade 11 students
towards the out-of-school youth programs of the current administration,
the researcher can conclude that the projects implemented by the
government to address such issue is an effective solution. One of these
schemes is Alternative Learning System which allows an individual to
pursue higher education through examinations. As the Grade 11 students

19
 mostly agreed that ALS passers improved their lives, the program may
be considered as a success. Lastly, the out-of-school youth programs
intended to develop literacy, cognitive and social skills of respondents.

RECOMMENDATION
The study is intended to know perceptions of Grade 11 students
towards the out-of-school youth programs of the current administration,
and this paper is highly recommended to:

A. Students—As future leaders of the country, having knowledge about

out-of-school youth programs is essential in order to suggest and impose
improvements in the projects to furthermore address the issue of out-of-
school youth.

B. Government Education Sector—This study is recommended to the

government officials, especially education sector, for it may offer
improvements in certain programs for out-of-school youth.

C. Future researchers—This research may serve as an additional

information, and provide insights about out-of-school youth programs.
Also, it may guide the future researchers about their studies, and
convince them to contribute meaningfully in the society through
conducting furthermore researches.

APPENDICES
SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE
Strand: Grade Level: Sex:
Direction: Put a check mark on the box that corresponds to your answer. Only one 20
check per question is allowed.
 Statements Strongly Agree (3) Disagree Strongly
Agree (1) (2) Disagree
(1)
1. Alternative learning system accreditation and
equivalency (ALS A&E) program refines the quality
of living of the respondents as they continue their
pursuit and significance in life.

2. Out-of-school youth projects must examine how

literacy is being developed among the participants.

3. Out-of-school youth is a crisis faced by the

Philippines.

4. ALS passers improved their quality of living.

5. Qualities of an effective out-of-school youth

program involves development of cognitive and
social abilities.

6. Reengagement of out-of-school youth in

attending academic institutions is an effective
scheme.

7. Academic intelligence is a one of the demands

of society to obtain a financially stabled job.

8. Fostering entrepreneurship can help in

addressing youth unemployment.

9. Job-initiatives give opportunities for employment.

10. Implementing a variety of programs diminishes

the population of out-of-school youth.

TALLY

Questions Strongly Agree Disagre Strongly TOTAL

Agree (3) e Disagree
(4) (2) (1)
1. Alternative learning system accreditation 11 7 2 0 20
and equivalency (ALS A&E) program refines

21
the quality of living of the respondents as
they continue their pursuit and significance in
life.
2.Out-of-school youth projects must examine 9 11 0 0 20
how literacy is being developed among the
participants
3. Out-of-school youth is a crisis faced by the 8 10 2 1 20
Philippines.
4. ALS passers improved their quality of 5 11 3 1 20
living.
5. Qualities of an effective out-of-school 10 9 0 1 20
youth program involves development of
cognitive and social abilities.
6. Reengagement of out-of-school youth in 8 9 2 1% 20
attending academic institutions is an
effective scheme.
7. Academic intelligence is a one of the 12 7 1 0 20
demands of society to obtain a financially
stabled job.
8. Fostering entrepreneurship can help in 9 11 0 0 20
addressing youth unemployment.
9. Job-initiatives give opportunities for 8 11 1 0 20
employment.
10. Implementing a variety of programs 7 11 1 1 20
diminishes the population of out-of-school
youth

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PHOTO OF EVIDENCES

23
Lanny M. Roberto
1982 Judea St., Malaria Caloocan City
Cell: 09514332794
Email: lannymroberto@gmail.com

Education
First City Providential College
Francisco Homes, City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan
Senior High School
S.Y. 2019 – present

Manuel L. Quezon High School

Camia St., Barangay 185, Malaria, Caloocan City
Junior High School Completer
S.Y. 2015 – 2019

Manuel L. Quezon Elementary School

Barangay 185, Malaria, Caloocan City
Elementary Graduate
S.Y. 2009 – 2015

Achievements
November 27, 2018
Champion in Essay Writing Contest

April 3, 2018
With Honors

April 24, 2017

24
Third Placer, Group Division Reading Comprehension Contest

Special Skills
Computer Literate (MS Word, MS PowerPoint, MS Publisher, MS Excel)
Good communication skills
Creative (Visual Art and Literature)
Detail-oriented
Self-management
Multi-tasking
REFERENCES

Apao, et. al. (2014). Alternative Learning System Accreditation and

Equivalency (ALS A&E) Program: Quality of Life beyond
Poverty. International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research
and Innovations, 2 (4), 20-21.
Butler, E. & Ignatowski, C. (2010). Literacy for Out-of-School Youth: A
Program Guide. USA: Education Development Center Inc.
Deriquito, M. (2014). Out-of-school youth program launched in Cavite.
The Philippine Star.
Hossain, F. (2015). Serving Out-of-School Youth Under the
Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act. New York:
MDRC.
Jaymalin, M. (2019). DOLE: 4 M Pinoy youths unemployed, out of
school. The Philippine Star.
Lai et. al. (2017). Measuring youth entrepreneurship attributes: the
case of an out-of-school youth training program in
Mindanao, Philippines. Retrieved from
www.books.google.com
Rajasekaran, S. & Reyes, J. (2019). Back to School: Pathways for
Reengagement of Out-of-School Youth in Education.
Retrieved from www.openknowledge.worldbank.org
Witt, P. & Caldwell, L. (2017). New Directions for Youth Development.
Wiley Online Library, 2011 (130), 72-73.

25
 ABSTRACT

This study aims to understand the perceptions of Grade 11 students

towards the out-of-school youth programs of the current administration,
and articulate a possible solution to address the problem. Out-of-school
youth is defined as 16 to 24 years old who are not attending any
academic institutions, and have one or more barriers to employment.
Several programs were implemented by the government to address the
augmenting case of OSY in the country, and one of these is Alternative
Learning System which allows an individual to pursue higher education
through examinations. A qualitative type of research was utilized in this
study that specifically used survey questionnaires with 20 respondents in
the vicinity of First City Providential College, and 10 questions
compromised the interview. The findings of this research shows that
administered out-of-school youth projects in the country, such as ALS,
has improved the respondents' quality of living. Moreover, the
researcher also found out that OSY programs implemented by the
government has been successful in developing the literacy, cognitive
and social skills of participants. Based on these presented data, this
paper showed that the perceptions of Grade 11 students in First City
Providential College towards the out-of-school youth programs of the
current administration is based on the discussed aspect of the project:
education, employment and entrepreneurship.

26
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