1

Problems
Breadth
Breadth Problemsp
add " r = 0.25 in"

MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND MATERIALS d1 = 3.0 in d2 = 2.5 in

PROBLEM 1
........................................................................................................................

A 0.25 in diameter steel support wire with modulus of

The maximum torsional shear stress is most nearly
elasticity 30 × 106 psi is normally strung between two
utility poles 125 ft apart under 2500 lbf of tension. A
(A) 1700 psi
winch maintains the tension by stretching the wire. A
new procedure requires 6250 lbf of tension. The length (B) 2100 psi
of additional wire the winch must decrease to reach the
new tension is most nearly (C) 2800 psi
(D) 3700 psi
(A) 2.6 in
Hint: Find the stress concentration factor for a filleted shaft in torsion.
(B) 3.8 in
(C) 6.4 in
PROBLEM 4
(D) 8.9 in ........................................................................................................................

Hint: Find the wire length for each tension. The principal stresses on the object shown are most
nearly
5000 lbf/in2
PROBLEM 2
........................................................................................................................

A bridge’s steel midspan is to be installed at 35°F dur- 6000 lbf/in2

ing the winter. Rivet holes at each end of the midspan
must measure 48.5 ft from the center. The I-beams for
the midspan are prepared in a fabrication shop with a
controlled temperature of 72°F. The change to the cen- 2500 lbf/in2
ter distance that should be made when the rivet holes
2500 lbf/in2
are drilled in the shop is most nearly

(A) −0.14 in
(B) −0.012 in 6000 lbf/in2
(C) 0.012 in
5000 lbf/in2
(D) 0.14 in
Hint: Use the coefficient of linear thermal expansion of steel. (A) 2400 psi, −9900 psi
(B) 2500 psi, 5000 psi
PROBLEM 3
........................................................................................................................ (C) 9900 psi, −2400 psi

A 250 hp motor turns a shaft at 2400 rpm. The shaft (D) 3800 psi, 6100 psi
steps down in diameter from 3.0 in to 2.5 in. Hint: Determine the applied stresses, σx, σy, and τ. Remember that tensile stresses are
positive.

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 1-6 M A C H I N E D E S I G N A N D M A T E R I A L S S I X - M I N U T E P R O B L E M S

SOLUTION 1 SOLUTION 2
Problems

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Breadth

The cross-sectional area of the wire is From a table of steel properties, the coefficient of linear
thermal expansion of steel is
2
0.25†in
A = r2 =
2 = 6.5 × 10 6†
1/°F
= 0.049†
in2
The change in the length of the beam from the cold tem-
perature to the hot temperature is
The modulus of elasticity for steel is
L = L 0†
(T2 T1)
E = 30 × 10 6†
psi
1 in
The change in wire length for the old tension is
= 6.5 × 10 6† (48.5†
°F
ft) 12† (72° F
ft ( ) 35°F)

= 0.140†
in
in
LoF1
(125†
ft (
ft) 12† (2500† lbf) ) The answer is (D).
1 = =
EA lbf
30 × 10 6† 2 (0.049†
in2) Why Other Options Are Wrong
in
(A) This incorrect solution results when the tempera-
= 2.55†
in
ture change is reversed.
The change in wire length for the new tension is (B) This incorrect solution results when the change in
length is not converted to inches and the temperature
LoF2 change is reversed.
2 =
EA (C) This incorrect solution results when the change in
in length is not converted to inches.

=
(125† ft) 12† (6250†
ft ( lbf) )
lbf SOLUTION 3
30 × 10 6† 2 (0.049†
in2) ........................................................................................................................
in
The shoulder has a radius of
= 6.38†in
d1 d2
The additional change in length from the old tension to r =
2 2
the new tension is
3.0† in 2.5† in
=
= 2 1 = 6.38†in 2.55†
in 2 2
= 3.83†
in (3.8† in) = 0.25† in

The winch would have to pull 3.8 in of additional wire to Find the stress concentration factor for the fillet.
achieve the new tension. r 0.25† in
= = 0.1
The answer is (B). d2 2.5†in
d1 3†in
Why Other Options Are Wrong = = 1.2
d2 2.5†in
(A) This incorrect solution is the change in length for
the old tension.
Find (0.1, 1.2) on a graph of stress concentration factors
(C) This incorrect solution is the change in length for for a filleted shaft in torsion.
the new tension.
k = 1.3
(D) This incorrect solution results when the changes in
wire length for the old and new tensions are added
together instead of subtracted.

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