Lecture -1

1. What is Cloud Computing?

Cloud computing is the on-demand delivery of compute power, database, storage,
applications, and other IT resources via the internet with pay-as-you-go pricing.
2. What is AWS?
Amazon web service (AWS) is a platform that offers cloud computing solutions to be used easily using
flexibility, scalability which is developed with a combination of infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform
as a service (PaaS) and packaged software as a service (SaaS) offerings.
2. What are the three main cloud service models?
(i)Infrastructure as a service (IaaS):
(ii)Platform as a service (PaaS):
(iii)Software as a service (SaaS):
3. What is the role of AWS CloudTrail?
The role of AWS Cloud Trail is a service that helps to log, monitor and retain account activity across the
AWS infrastructure that enables governance, operational auditing, and risk auditing of the user AWS
account.
4. What is the CloudWatch?
Amazon CloudWatch is a component of Amazon Web Services that provides monitoring for AWS
resources and the customer applications running on the Amazon infrastructure.
5. The difference between AWS CloudWatch and CloudTrail?
AWS CloudWatch monitors your AWS resources and applications, whereas CloudTrail
monitors the activity in your AWS environment. For instance, with CloudWatch, you can
scale your applications, whereas, with CloudTrail, you can see who did what to your
applications.
6. Explain Amazon ElasticCache
Amazon ElastiCache is web service in-memory data store and cache service which helps to improve the
performance of web applications by retrieving information which is fully managed in memory caches.
7. What is AWS Lambda?
Lambda is a compute service that lets you run code without provisioning or managing servers.
8. What is AMI?
AMI stands for Amazon Machine Image. It’s a template that provides the information (an operating
system, an application server, and applications) required to launch an instance, which is a copy of the
AMI running as a virtual server in the cloud. You can launch instances from as many different AMIs
as you need.
9. What are the types of AMI provided by AWS?
All AMIs are categorized as either backed by Amazon EBS or backed by instance store.
 Amazon EBS-backed AMI – The root device for an instance launched from the AMI is
an Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume created from an Amazon EBS
snapshot.
 Amazon instance store-backed AMI – The root device for an instance launched from
the AMI is an instance store volume created from a template stored in Amazon S3.

The following table summarizes the important differences when using the two types of AMIs.

Characteristic Amazon EBS-backed AMI Amazon instance

store-backed AMI
Characteristic Amazon EBS-backed AMI Amazon instance
store-backed AMI

Boot time for an Usually less than 1 minute Usually less than 5
instance minutes

Size limit for a 64 TiB** 10 GiB

root device

Root device EBS volume Instance store volume

volume

Data persistence By default, the root volume is deleted Data on any instance
when the instance terminates.* Data store volumes persists
on any other EBS volumes persists only during the life of
after instance termination by default. the instance.

Modifications The instance type, kernel, RAM disk, Instance attributes are
and user data can be changed while fixed for the life of an
the instance is stopped. instance.

Charges You're charged for instance usage, You're charged for

EBS volume usage, and storing your instance usage and
AMI as an EBS snapshot. storing your AMI in
Amazon S3.

AMI Uses a single command/call Requires installation

creation/bundling and use of AMI tools

Stopped state Can be in a stopped state. Even when Cannot be in a stopped

the instance is stopped and not state; instances are
running, the root volume is persisted running or terminated
in Amazon EBS

10. What is Amazon EMR?

Amazon EMR stands for Amazon Elastic MapReduce (EMR) is software framework which helps developers
to code that process large amounts of data in any type of processor for big data processing and analysis.
11. What are the storage class available in Amazon s3?
The storage class available in Amazon s3 includes S3 Intelligent-Tiering for data, S3 Standard-Infrequent
Access (S3 Standard-IA) and S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA).
12. Explain can you vertically scale an Amazon instance? How?
The capacity of the EC2 instance can be increased using vertical scaling to manage the growing demands
of the application .Vertical Scaling is done by adding more power e.g. CPU, RAM) up to 488 GB of RAM or
128 virtual cores to an existing machine.
13. What is Redshift?
Redshift lets you easily save the results of your queries back to your S3 data lake using open formats, like
Apache Parquet, so that you can do additional analytics from other analytics services like Amazon EMR,
Amazon Athena, and Amazon Sage Maker.
14. What Are The Components Involved In Amazon Web Services?
Key components
 Compute.
 Storage.
 Databases.
 Management and security.
 Networks.
 Analytics.
 Application services.
 Implementation and management.
15. Distinguish Between Scalability And Elasticity?
In terms of AWS: Scalability refers to the ability for your resources to increase or decrease in size or
quantity. Elasticity is the ability for your resources to scale in response to stated criteria.
16. What Are The Main Features Of Amazon Cloud Front?
Amazon CloudFront offers programmable and secure edge CDN computing capabilities through
CloudFront Functions and AWS Lambda@Edge. CloudFront Functions is ideal for high scale and latency
sensitive operations like HTTP header manipulations, URL rewrites/redirects, and cache-key
normalizations.
17. What Is Amazon EC2 Service?
EC2 encourages scalable deployment of applications by providing a web service through a user who boots
AMI to configure a virtual machine containing any software desired.
18. What Are The Features Of The Amazon EC2 Service?
The Features of Amazon EC2 service provides a number of powerful features with scalable, enterprise
class applications and direct access to the processor and memory of the underlying server.
19. Will you use encryption for S3?
Amazon S3 server-side encryption is used with one of the strongest block ciphers available, 256-bit
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES-256).
20. What is DynamoDB?
DynamoDB is a NoSQL database service which helps to use the database effectively to create a database
table which is fully managed to store and retrieve any amount of data and serve any request traffic.
21. Which AWS services will you use to collect and process e-commerce data for near real-
time analysis?
The AWS service which helps to collect and process e-commerce data for near real time analysis is
DynamoDB which is NoSQL database service which is fully managed to meet fluctuating application
demands and also to build applications with virtually unlimited throughput.
22. What is SQS?
Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) is a pay and use web service for message storage with short
duration between computers which is mainly used to decouple applications or integrate applications.
25. What is a Data lake?
It is a centralized data repository to store all your structured and unstructured data at any
volume. The core aspect of Data lake is that you can apply various analytical tools to data,
derive analytics, and uncover useful insights without structuring the data. Also, Data lake
stores data coming from various sources such as business applications, mobile applications,
and IoT devices.

26. What is Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling?

This AWS service automatically adds or removes EC2 instances as per the changing demands
in workloads. Also, this service detects the unhealthy EC2 instances in the cloud
infrastructure and replaces them with new instances, consequently. In this service, scaling is
achieved in dynamic scaling and Predictive scaling. They can be used separately as well as
together to manage the workloads.
27. What is Amazon S3 Glacier?
It is a storage class built for data archiving, which helps retrieve data with high flexibility and
performance. So, data can be accessed faster in milliseconds, and S3 Glacier offers a low-
cost service. There are three S3 glacier storage classes – Glacier instant retrieval storage, S3
Glacier flexible retrieval, and S3 Glacier deep archive.

Interview Link

Link-1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-__KCZjf8tM
Link-1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XbsnOTwvxgQ
Link : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t7Tf7j2mROA
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CuaSiovk9wU
Link-2- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=np9sVKO2yIg
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EqJ4AZTWcW4