CHAPTER 9: PROBLEM SHEET

Q1) A signal x[n] has a spectrum 𝑋(𝜃) as shown below. The signal is applied to the system
shown below. The ideal lowpass filter H(z) has a gain factor of 1 in the passband and a cut-
𝜋
off frequency 𝜃 = 3. Sketch |𝑋(𝜃)|, |𝑊(𝜃)|, |𝑉(𝜃)|, |𝑌(𝜃)| against 𝜃

h
ja
a ira
lia ik
b
tra m
Q2) A signal has been sampled at 44 kHz. For a particular application, this signal is required to
be used at a reduced sampling rate of 16 kHz. Explain how you would efficiently
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implement a system to achieve this, indicating the type of digital filter you would use (give
reasons).

Q3) (a) Show that the impulse response of the system shown below for the kth channel is
,A E

hk n  h1 ncosn k  .

cos(nk )
or

cos(nk )
SW ss

X h1[n] X

x[n] yk [n]
U ofe

X h1[n] X
Pr

sin(nk ) sin(nk )
N

(b) Show that the frequency response Hk() of the system is given by
H k    12 H    k   12 H    k 

(c) If x[n] = cos(n0), then show using the figure, that the output signal yk[n] is
essentially identical to the input signal x[n].

Chapter 9 23
 Q4) (a) For the diagram shown below, tick the correct answer:

x[n] w[m] v[n]

L=3 M=3

(A) w[m] = x[n]

h
(B) v[n]= w[m]
(C) v[n]=x[n/3]

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(D) None of the above

(b) Figure below shows sampling rate conversion by non-integer factors. Calculate

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the minimum cut-off frequency of the digital lowpass filter.

Digital
x[n] w[m] q[m] y[k]

a
Lowpass M=4
L=7 Filter
fs=8 kHz fs’=14kHz

lia ik
Bandwidth:

b
0 to 2 kHz
Ans: (a) Answer: (D)
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(b) 2 kHz
Q5) A multi-rate system is given below.
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or
SW ss

where,
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1  4 1     2 5 1 2    3 5
H1     H 2     5
H 3     5

0 otherwise 0 otherwise 0 otherwise

Pr

If the frequency spectrum of x[n], X(𝜃) is given as follows, sketch P(𝜃), Q(𝜃), R(𝜃), S(𝜃) and
Y(𝜃).
N

Q6) Which of the following are correct ?

Chapter 9 24
 I) Interpolation may be used to increase the sound quality of a digitized audio
signal.
II) The spectrum is compressed by upsampling.
III) Multi-rate signal processing may be used to allow systems with different
sampling rates to interoperate.
IV) Decimation is an effective and lossless compression mechanism when employed
on any speech signal.
a) I

h
b) II, IV
c) III

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d) II, III
e) None Ans: d

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Q7) The spectrum X(θ) corresponds to a digital signal which is passed through a 4x interpolator.
Which of the following correspond to the resulting spectrum ?
X(θ)

a
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b
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-π -π/2 0 π/2 π

Y(θ)
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a)
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-π 0 π
Y(θ)
or

b)
SW ss
U ofe

-π -π/8 π/8 π
Y(θ)

c)
Pr
N

-4π -π 0 π 4π
Y(θ)
d)

Ans: b
-2π -3π/4 0 3π/4 2π

Chapter 9 25
 Q8) Which of the following are true ?

I) It is always suitable to decimate then interpolate when performing rate-conversion by

non-integer factors.
II) Sampling rate conversion enables increasing and decreasing of sampling rate.
III) In general, decimation is not possible without interpolation first.
IV) Interpolation (up-sampling and low-pass filtering) is a lossless process (ie. no
information is destroyed or distorted).

h
a) I
b) II

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c) II, IV
d) I, III, IV
None available.

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e)
Ans: c

a
lia ik
b
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us . A
,A E
or
SW ss
U ofe
Pr
N

Chapter 9 26