1. What is the purpose of a double-blind study design?

to prevent experimenter bias

2. In experiments, what do we call the group that serves as a baseline or comparison group?
Control group
3. The psychologist who would argue that the unconscious mind plays a key role in human behavior
is: Sigmund Freud
4. A variable that is manipulated to identify a potential cause-and-effect relationship in an
experiment is referred to as:
Independent variable
5. Any object or event that is perceived by your 5 senses can be referred to as a: Stimulus
6. The term generalizability refers to: how well a study’s research findings apply to other individuals
and situations
7. A research psychiatrist has developed a new medication to treat depression with fewer side
effects. Before he can start advertising this new medication, he needs to collect evidence that it
performs better than a placebo. Which of the following methods would be the most effective tool
to determine whether his drug is better than a placebo at alleviating the symptoms of depression?
8. Aisha has been prescribed medication to help control anxiety. Which of the following has she
most likely been prescribed? a drug that increases GABA in the brain
9. The chemical messengers that carry signals across the space between two neurons are known as
the: neurotransmitters.
10. The body's chief excitatory neurotransmitter that can be found in most of the synapses in the brain
is: glutamate
11. ​The nervous system's ability to rewire its structures as a result of experience is referred to as:
12. The charged particles that play an important role in the firing action of potentials in the nervous
system are known as:
13. Jordan has been diagnosed with depression. She likely has low levels of which of the following
neurotransmitters? Serotonin
14. The region in the left temporal lobe that contributes to the comprehension of speech is:
wernicke’s/Broca’s area
15. The shape of the optic chiasm reflects its function in the visual system. What is this structure
shaped like? The letter X
16. What characteristic of sound do decibels (dB) measure? Loudness
17. At 5:30 every weekday, all the parents arrive at the daycare center to pick up their children. What
BEST enables two-year-old Robin to recognize her mother's face in the group and respond with a
happy smile?
18. According to the opponent-process theory, the eye contains specialized cells that are sensitive to
which pair of colors?
19. Which of the following perceptual cues requires the use of both eyes to be effective? Retinal
disparity
20. The occipital lobe in your left hemisphere receives information from:
21. On which component of the ear does the place theory of pitch perception focus? Basilar
membrane
22. Younger people might take advantage of the fact that as we age we lose the ability to perceive
certain frequencies by using what kind of sound for ringtones? High pitched
23. Which of the following best summarizes the research findings regarding benefits of mindfulness
and meditation?
24. Which of the following sleep disorders is most responsive to behavioral and self-management
strategies? Insomnia
25. During a hypnosis session, the hidden observer tends to focus on: reality
26. After spending the afternoon cleaning out the basement, Charmaine stood in the front yard and lit
a cigarette. It seemed like a small thing, but that first drag felt like a big reward for all her hard
work. Which of the following gave Charmaine that feeling? dopamine
27. Val recently purchased a CPAP machine to help manage a longtime problem with sleep apnea.
Which of the following characteristics most likely applies to Val? Val is obese
28. Monte got really drunk at the homecoming keg party. After a football player spilled a beer on his
girlfriend, Monte started to pick a fight with him—even though Monte was half his size! The
fight didn't last long because as Monte wound up to throw a punch, he lost his balance and fell
over. Which of the following played a key role in Monte's falling down? Brain stem
29. Hypnosis has proven to be effective in relieving pain because it changes the person's: experience
30. In terms of lifetime risk, what is the most common eating disorder?
31. The claim of someone "feeling afraid because their teeth began chattering first" is most consistent
with: James-Lange theory
32. Anorexia is uncommon in cultures that portray beautiful women as: fuller-figured
33. Which of the following is most likely to be true about a person diagnosed with bulimia nervosa?
34. Which of the following would play a key role in the set point due to its monitoring of fat
reserves?
35. When a person restricts calories, which of the following is most likely to occur? Their
metabolism rate will drop
36. A body mass index of 20 is considered to be in which of the following categories? Normal
37. Keegan is researching treatments for phobias, and chooses systematic desensitization. This
technique uses which one of the following classical conditioning concepts? Extinction
38. Which one of these is a type of stimulus that does not naturally elicit an unconditioned response
in an organism?
39. When Marta encountered a butterfly for the first time, she did not know anything about them, so
it was a neutral stimulus. Marta then fell down a hill while admiring a butterfly, and in the future
was afraid of them—from then on, butterflies were which of the following types of stimulus?
Conditioned
40. Ellie fields 50 ground balls everyday as she tries to learn how to play second base in softball. She
is using which component of learning? Acquisition
41. Brooklyn is frustrated because her cat keeps jumping up on the counter in the kitchen. To help the
cat learn to not do this, Brooklyn sprays the cat with a water bottle whenever this happens. The
cat does not like being sprayed, and jumps off the counter when it happens. Brooklyn has used
which type of operant conditioning on her cat?
42. The simplest form of learning that happens as we get used to a stimulus and react less and less to
it is called: habituation
43. John B. Watson conditioned an 11-month-old baby, "Little Albert," to fear rats by making a loud
noise to convert the rat from a neutral stimulus into a which one of these types of stimulus?
Conditioned
44. What’s the most likely explanation for the inability to remember someone’s name after you’ve
met them?
45. For the first few weeks of January, every time Mr. Bruno puts the date on the classroom board, he
writes the previous year—not the current year. This always causes Mr. Bruno's students to laugh.
What is Mr. Bruno experiencing?
46. After spending the weekend at an outdoor music festival, Jamie got back to her dorm and spent
much of the night reading and studying the material for her history final on Monday. Which term
best describes Jamie's studying habit? Massed practice (i.e., cramming)
47. What keeps a sensory memory "alive" for more than an instant? A gymnast
48. Which of the following professions is most reliant on procedural memory?
49. A memory coach who favors the levels-of-processing model would recommend which strategy to
clients who want to improve their recall of information? Elaborative rehearsal
50. Despite being filled with years of stored information, our long-term memory is more like a
database than an overflowing garage of stuff. What gives long-term memory this clean, efficient
structure?
51. When a child uses one word to symbolize all manner of similar instances, what is this called?
52. People who are typically considered creative are people who are known for: divergent thinking
53. Frankie lands in Paris for a three-week vacation, and by the end of the trip, although he has never
studied French in school, can carry on a basic conversation in French. According to Gardner's
Theory of Multiple Intelligences, Frankie has a strong _______ intelligence.
54. Hong knows a half dozen people whom she labels "poor students." However, they all received
high grades from Professor Kaplan, so Hong decides that Professor Kaplan is likely a lenient
grader. Which of the following best describes how Hong likely reached her conclusion? Inductive
reasoning
55. If you were tasked to develop a reliable intelligence test, you should develop the test, administer
it, and evaluate the results to verify that:
56. Who developed the concept of the Intelligence Quotient (IQ)? Lewis Terman
57. You can classify a rattlesnake as a reptile, a snake, and a rattlesnake. These classifications are best
labeled in the following order: superordinate, basic, and subordinate
58. Which of the following reflexes is foundational to learning how to paint? Grasping
59. The statement “All women should be allowed to vote, regardless of other circumstances” would
be classified as which stage of Kohlberg’s stages of moral reasoning? Stage 6: Universal
Principles Orientation
60. In the United States, which group has the lowest rate of divorce? Couples who have children
61. Suppose an adolescent loses the ability to empathize after a brain injury. Of the following options,
this most likely indicates damage to which part of the brain? Preforontal cortex
62. Centration is which of the following? Focusing on only one aspect of an object
63. Which of the following is the major characteristic of the germinal stage of the prenatal period?
Cell division
64. Which of the following organs or structures is highly sensitive to damage at week 24 of prenatal
development?
65. Jordan is working on a political campaign and his ultimate goal is to get folks in his neighborhood
to donate $20.00. Using the foot-in-the-door technique, which of the following could Jordan do to
help with compliance? First ask them to donate $2.00 to the campaign.
66. Which one of the following is a subtle form of discrimination that may cause European
Americans to be slower to help African Americans during emergencies?
67. Research has shown that people will more readily accept weak arguments if the speaker is
attractive. Which one of these factors takes appearance into account? Communicator variables
68. Which one of the following groups places more emphasis on the social status of a potential mate?
69. Which one of these routes to persuasion is used when a person lacks motivation and/or cognitive
resources to critically evaluate persuasive arguments? Peripheral
70. What do studies show about a link between testosterone and aggression? Some studies indicate a
correlation between high testosterone levels and increased aggression, but other studies do not.
71. Once a person has donated to a charity, it is harder to say no the next time. Saying no could cause
dissonance because the first donation made the person feel generosity is part of his or her
self-image. Which one of the following concepts does this explain? Foot-in-the-door
72. The term that describes people's tendency to display similar behavior in the same situation but
different behavior when that situation changes is called: person–situation interaction.
73. Resources and consequences are elements of which component of Bandura’s model of reciprocal
determinism?
74. The part of our personality that judges our actions from a moral perspective is called the:
superego
75. The field of study that examines the influence of genetics and hereditary factors on personality
traits is called: behavioral genetics
76. A clinical psychologist who asks a client about his or her self-image and how the client feels
about himself or herself, is likely to be a proponent of which theoretical approach to personality
development?
77. Cattell's term for the most basic traits that describe people's personalities is:
78. Ten-year-old Catherine took her mother's earrings without permission and lost one at school.
When her mom mentioned the missing earrings, Catherine did not admit to taking them.
Catherine told herself that her mom had plenty of earrings, didn't really need that pair, and put the
incident out of her mind. According to Freud, which part of Catherine's brain used a strategy to
lessen the emotional impact of having lost something she shouldn't have taken?
79. In the United States, smoking tends to be more common in which one of the following groups?
adults living below the poverty line
80. In the context of the Social Readjustment Rating Scale, an event with a high number of life
change units is likely: to be very stressful.
81. Erick just moved from Mexico to California. He's only a few miles from his former home, but his
new environment is quite different. As a result, he's not quite comfortable around some of his
neighbors and keeps largely to himself instead of trying to make new friends. The best description
for Erick's situation is that he is experiencing: minority stress
82. People who report high levels of subjective well-being also tend to report: very few negative life
events
83. Research suggests that men may be more likely than women to confront a stressor directly
because: men have higher levels of corticosteroids when they are stressed.
84. Researchers studying personality have identified "three C's" that taken together appear to be
related to health outcomes—challenge, control, and: commitment.
85. Although any person can develop learned helplessness, some personality characteristics may
make it more likely. Which personality type has the greatest overlap with the characteristics of
learned helplessness? Type D
86. Which of the following symptoms is characteristic of a manicmood state? extremely high
self-esteem and euphoria
87. Compared to men, women are: more likely to attempt suicide but less likely to kill themselves.
88. Riley is demonstrating negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Which of the following is she
MOST likely to demonstrate? lack of facial expressions
89. The main behavioral symptom of hoarding disorder is: difficulty throwing things away.
90. Hearing voices telling you what to do is an example of which of the following? A hallucination
91. Adi believes that the CIA has implanted electrodes in her brain to spy on her. What type of
symptom of schizophrenia is this? A delusion
92. Despite a diagnosis of a mental health disorder, Victoria decides to stop taking the medication
prescribed to control it. She claims that although her family and her doctors believe the
medication "works," she likes herself better when she is in an unmedicated state because she is
smarter and more adventurous. She insists that her disorder doesn't cause her any distress, at least
most of the time. Which one of the following disorders does Victoria most likely have? Bipolar
disease
93. Rational-emotive therapy is based on the premise that many mental health problems originate
with: how people think about and interpret events in their lives
94. What does behavior modification focus on? Changing problem behavior through the learning of
certain principles
95. Felicia is seeing her therapist because she is terrified of rats. If her therapist and she had agreed
on using flooding therapy to address this fear, what might be involved? Felicia spending an hour
in a room with a dozen caged rats
96. What are prescribed to alleviate the symptoms of major depressive disorder? antidepressants
97. Who originally developed the psychoanalytic approach? Sigmund Freud
98. What is a behavior therapy technique in which people are given symbolic rewards for desired
behavior? Token economy
99. Because of their relationship to the functioning of dopamine in the brain, the side effects of
conventional antipsychotic medications resemble the symptoms of: Parkinson’s Disease
100. Which drug is an example of a conventional antipsychotic medication? Haldol
101. A psychologist is conducting a study on the effect of music on math ability. She hypothesizes
that participants who listen to classical music will perform better on a math test than those who
listen to pop music. She randomly assigns participants a music condition (classical or pop) and
then asks them to complete a timed measure of math ability. Which variable in her study is the
independent variable? Music type
102. A method of research used to measure the relationship between two or more variables is best
described as: correlation
103. Wilhelm Wundt is credited with establishing the first psychology laboratory. Which of the
following perspectives is most closely linked to Wundt's research?structuralism
Wilhelm Wundt is credited with establishing the first psychology laboratory. Which of the following
perspectives is most closely linked to Wundt's research? structuralism

What is the purpose of a double-blind study design?

to prevent experimenter bias

Imagine a psychologist who believes that we should not try to understand what's happening in the
human mind because we cannot observe it. Which perspective of psychology does this
psychologist most likely subscribe to?

behaviorism

The almond-shaped structure located almost directly behind the temples is known as the:

amygdala.

Actor Michael J. Fox has a degenerative disease that results in decreased dopamine action in the
brain. What is the name of this disease?

Parkinson’s disease

The branch of the peripheral nervous system that governs involuntary organ function is known as
the:

autonomic nervous system.

The female hormones produced by the ovaries are known as:

.
estrogens.
Remi is in a museum looking at art. Which lobe of the cortex is active in helping Remi process
the visual information?

occipital lobe

Pheromones are believed to serve an adaptive function for humans due to their influence on:

sexual behavior.

Josie and her friends play a game where they each spin around ten times, then see who can walk
the longest before falling over. What physical structure plays a key role in the children's game?

Semicircular canals

What characteristic of sound do decibels (dB) measure?

Loudness

As part of a research experiment, Joanne wore headphones and was exposed to a very faint sound
40 separate times. When she noticed the sound, she raised her hand. For the sound to be
considered an absolute threshold, how many times would Joanne need to raise her hand during
the session?
20

Inside Olivia's brain, adenosine is being blocked from entering receptor sites. What is Olivia
likely doing?
Drinking an espresso
How is hypnosis effective in enhancing an athlete's performance?

By decreasing self-doubt

Which part of the brain houses the internal clock?

Hypothalamus

Which of the following sleep disorders is most responsive to behavioral and self-management
strategies?

Insomnia

Which of the following is a good example of a primary drive?

The need for water to hydrate yourself

Damage to a person's lateral hypothalamus will cause them to:

significantly decrease food intake.

Which of the following would play a key role in the set point due to its monitoring of fat
reserves?

Leptin

The claim of someone "feeling afraid because their teeth began chattering first" is most consistent
with
James-Lange theory
A diagnostic criterion for anorexia nervosa is having a significant fear of:

being overweight.

Which of the following will experience estrus?

A 2-year-old female cat

Which one of the following terms best describes the use of operant conditioning to build a new
behavior in an organism by rewarding successive approximations of the desired response?

Shaping

During a glaucoma test, a puff of air is blown into your eyes. Juan is always nervous before eye
exams because he does not like the glaucoma test. His friend Perry tries to help by explaining that
the puff of air is just the unconditioned stimulus, and automatically blinking your eyes after
receiving the puff of air is an example of a(n):

unconditioned response.

Alexi slaps on some expensive new cologne in the morning, but he is frustrated by noon because
he can no longer smell it even though others can. Vladimir reminds him that it is just an example
of which one of the following?
Habituation

Which one of the following forms of learning requires a person or animal to have an
unconditioned response before learning can occur?
Classical conditioning

Edward Tolman's work with rats and mazes offered support for cognitive learning by showing
that rats used which of the following concepts?
 Latent learning

What brain structure plays a role in the formation of fearful memories?

Amygdala

Which of the following professions is most reliant on procedural memory?

A gymnast

In serial-position experiments, words recalled due to the primacy effect are accessed from:

long-term memory.

For the first few weeks of January, every time Mr. Bruno puts the date on the classroom board, he
writes the previous year—not the current year. This always causes Mr. Bruno's students to laugh.
What is Mr. Bruno experiencing?

Proactive interference

Which component of working memory is responsible for processing someone else’s speech?
Phonological loop

What is often experienced as a sudden realization?

Insight
The Flynn Effect refers to the fact that:

IQ increases across generations.

Question 54
1 / 1 pts
Frankie lands in Paris for a three-week vacation, and by the end of the trip, although he has never
studied French in school, can carry on a basic conversation in French. According to Gardner's
Theory of Multiple Intelligences, Frankie has a strong _______ intelligence.

linguistic

The lowest level of categorization is called the:

subordinate category.

The statement “All women should be allowed to vote, regardless of other circumstances” would
be classified as which stage of Kohlberg’s stages of moral reasoning?

Stage 6: Universal Principles Orientation.

Pretending that your hat is a helmet is an example of:

symbolic thinking

How is children's understanding of gender roles shaped?

It is shaped through a combination of hormonal differences, parenting, socialization, and culture.

Which of the following can be classified as stage 1, obedience and punishment orientation, of
Kohlberg's stages of moral reasoning?
I shouldn't hit my brother because I will be scolded if I do.

Which of the following is characteristic of Down syndrome?

Almond-shaped eyes

When selecting a mate, physical attractiveness is a main focus for:

both heterosexual and homosexual men.

Monique’s favorite baseball team is the Kansas City Royals. When they won the World Series,
her self-esteem increased. Monique experienced a phenomenon we call:

basking in the reflected glory.

Which one of the following is a subtle form of discrimination that may cause European
Americans to be slower to help African Americans during emergencies?

Aversive racism

When people carefully evaluate information and use logic to make decisions, they are at which
one of these levels of consciousness?

Explicit

Which of the following is a main difference between obedience and compliance?

Obedience is in response to a demand; compliance is a response to a request.

In many Western cultures, group accomplishments are valued less than:

individualistic accomplishments.

If a teacher notices a significant change in a student's mood and performance level, which of the
following could provide initial insight into what might be going on in that student's social life or
environment prior to more obvious testing?

direct observation

Actions, verbal statements, and choices all factor into which of Bandura’s components of
reciprocal determinism?
behavior

A major contribution of the trait perspective has been that:

it provided a common language for describing personalities.

Over the lifespan, people tend to become:

more conscientious.

The main focus of a clinical interview is:

to determine the area in which the person has difficulty functioning.

Cognitive appraisal will help you do which of the following in a stressful situation?

Accept that the event is stressful and focus on finding positive ways to cope with it.

Hostile, mistrustful behaviors are associated with heart disease in which personality type?
 Type A

Which one of the following strategies for managing stress is most clearly a problem-focused
coping strategy?

managing your time well

Nearly half of all U.S. highway deaths involve:

alcohol.

Researchers studying personality have identified "three C's" that taken together appear to be
related to health outcomes—challenge, control, and:

commitment.

Flashbacks of vivid memories are characteristic of:

post-traumatic stress disorder.

You’re angry with a colleague at work, and so you come home and yell at your roommate. Which
of the following does this represent?

emotion-focused coping

Jackson frequently acts recklessly, refuses to accept blame for his wrongdoing, and lies to get
what he wants. These are typical characteristics of:

antisocial personality disorder.

During a manic phase, a person with bipolar disorder is most likely to:
 stay up all night talking or working on a project.

Disorders listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) are
considered comorbid if they:

are both present in the same person at the same time.

A person who takes a sociocultural approach to understanding mental health disorders is most
likely to argue that distinguishing "normal" and "abnormal" behavior requires:

attending to environmental factors surrounding each individual.

Which of the following symptoms is characteristic of a manic mood state?

extremely high self-esteem and euphoria

An intense need for attention and excessively dramatic behavior characterize which personality
disorder?

histrionic personality disorder

Dimitri is a third-year college student who avoids social interactions because he has an intense
and chronic anxiety over being negatively evaluated by others. He has recently been diagnosed
with a personality disorder. What disorder was he most likely diagnosed with?

avoidant personality disorder

Family therapy's focus is to:

improve the functioning of the family as a whole system

What does the "Dodo Bird verdict" refer to in terms of psychotherapy?

Different psychotherapy techniques are equally effective as each other

The primary focus of cognitive therapy is to address:

negative, automatic thought patterns.

Rational-emotive therapy has been generally effective at treating:

excessive anxiety disorders.

Cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) is best described as:

a range of treatment approaches to alter faulty cognitions and maladaptive behaviors.

.

Another term for flooding where the client remains exposed to the feared object, situation, or
image for an extended time period is:

prolonged exposure (PE) therapy.

In traditional psychoanalysis, what does the concept of transference refer to?

A process in which the client unconsciously reacts to the therapist as if the therapist were a
parent, friend, sibling, or romantic partner

What naturally occurring mineral salt can alleviate manic symptoms?

Lithium

The term generalizability refers to: how well a study's research findings apply to other individuals
and situations.
Wilhelm Wundt is credited with establishing the first psychology laboratory. Which of
the following perspectives is most closely linked to Wundt's research? Structuralism

A group of hikers discovered a boy living with a pack of wolves. He exhibited strange,
animal-like behaviors and didn't seem to speak any language. Which of the following
methods would be the most effective tool for learning more about this boy? Case study
A variable that is manipulated to identify a potential cause-and-effect relationship in an
experiment is referred to as: an independent variable

The chemical messengers of the endocrine system are: hormones

Drew is driving down a highway at night when he sees a deer run across the road and has
to a swerve to avoid hitting it. He feels slightly panicky after the event and it takes him a
while to calm down again. Which of the following systems was regulating Drew’s
reaction to the deer? sympathetic nervous system

A fatty, waxy substance that insulates portions of some neurons in the nervous system is
known as: myelin

Which of the following neurotransmitters is linked to both Parkinson's disease and

Schizophrenia? Dopamine

The part of the nervous system that is made up of the brain and spinal cord is known as
the: central nervous system

The organs found in males that produce male sex hormones are the: testes

Which of the following correctly traces the path of a visual stimulus? Cornea > pupil >lens >
retina

The Ponzo illusion happens because of which of the following depth cues? Linear perspective

What is one reason why cones are more involved than rods in the process of
distinguishing colors? Cones have more photopigment varieties than rods.

Touch receptors in the epidermis are most likely to be present in the:

Fingers

When considering the stimuli involved, the sense of smell is similar to which of the
following senses? Taste

In bottom-up processing, the perception of a particular visual scene is created from: presented
stimuli

Which of the following meets the criteria for the absolute threshold of an auditory
stimulus? When exposed to 50 separate instances of the same very faint tone, Ronnie
noticed it 25 times

As part of a research project, Carla and Miguel sat in separate, empty rooms. Miguel was
given short bits of information that he "sent" to Carla by focusing his thoughts on her,
and Carla tried to receive Miguel's messages in her mind. What was the researcher
measuring in this experiment? Extrasensory perception

Which of the following is true about the drug Rohypnol? It is sometimes called the “date rape
drug.”

The comparatively higher rate of poor sleep quality among African Americans is thought
to be a product of: environment.

Monte got really drunk at the homecoming keg party. After a football player spilled a
beer on his girlfriend, Monte started to pick a fight with him—even though Monte was
half his size! The fight didn't last long because as Monte wound up to throw a punch, he
lost his balance and fell over. Which of the following played a key role in Monte's falling
Down? The brain stem

When it comes to hypnosis, research supports the idea that it can: help reduce the experience of
pain in some people.

“Lost” memories recovered through hypnosis can best be described as: problematic

The potential risks to the heart associated with bulimia nervosa are caused by an
imbalance in: electrolytes.

Which of the following does NOT have a causal role in the obesity epidemic? Body mass index

Which of the following terms best reflects the concept of homophobia? Prejudice

Which of the following would be classified as a secondary drive? The need for recognition

Which of the following reflects the fraternal birth order effect? A homosexual male is the
youngest of four brothers.

After repeated pairing of a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus, the neutral
stimulus begins to elicit the same response as the unconditioned stimulus, so the neutral
stimulus becomes the: conditioned stimulus

John B. Watson conditioned an 11-month-old baby, "Little Albert," to fear rats by making
a loud noise to convert the rat from a neutral stimulus into a which one of these types of
stimulus? Conditioned

Being paid on the 1st of every month regardless of the month or hours worked is an
example of which reinforcement schedule? Fixed interval
Which of the following approaches to psychology only focuses on observable evidence
of mental processes? Behaviorism

Sanjay thought it was a good omen when a thunderstorm rolled in just as he began his
chemistry final. Because Sanjay studied for the exam during a wild thunderstorm, this
will help him to avoid: cue-dependent forgetting

The case of H. M. demonstrates the link between the: hippocampus and memory formation.

Which component of working memory is responsible for processing someone else’s

speech? Phonological loop

Slow-wave, deep sleep has been shown to enhance which types of memories?
Declarative

Stevie has a hunch that the customer in her store is going to try to steal something. She
has no evidence for this feeling and may, in fact, be wrong. Stevie is relying on:
intuition.

When we use the ease with which we can recall instances of an event to help us estimate
the frequency of the event, we are using: the availability heuristic

What can you assume about the general relationship between mental age and
chronological age in most children? As chronological age increases, mental age generally
increases.
Easton is standing near a bank when a masked man dashes out, jumps into a car, and
speeds away. She calls the police and gives them the license plate numbers of the
getaway car. Based on this scenario, you can assume that Easton would likely score
MOST well on which of Wechsler's subscales? Working memory

What does the fact that Kanzi learned language more completely than his mother suggest
about the acquisition of language? The acquisition of language is easier when it is introduced at
an earlier stage of development.

What is the definition of cognition? The way in which we use and store information in memory

Suppose a psychologist hypothesizes that a child learns to tell the difference between a
baseball and a tennis ball from being taught by a parent. This hypothesis draws on
theories of which researcher? Vygotsky

Which of the following can be classified as stage 1, obedience and punishment

orientation, of Kohlberg's stages of moral reasoning? I shouldn't hit my brother because I will be
scolded if I do
In the United States, which group has the lowest rate of divorce? couples who have children

Bethany is a confident 16-year-old who is comfortable with her mathematics aptitude.

According to Erikson, she has successfully resolved which of the following stages of
psychosocial development? Identity versus role confusion

Gilligan's theory of moral reasoning differs from Kohlberg's, in that Gilligan's theory is
based on differences in which of the following? Gender

After what age are men ordinarily no longer fertile, if ever? Men ordinarily remain fertile
throughout their life span.

Which one of these statements best summarizes why Milgram's experiment cannot be
replicated today? Milgram caused stress and potential harm to his subjects, the "teachers," who
really thought they were shocking someone

Which one of the following was an attempt to modernize and replicate the Milgram
experiment on obedience by Jerry Burger? 150-volt solution

What did Dorothy Otnow Lewis discover about the childhoods of murderers?
A large majority of murderers reported severe childhood abuse, many with
significant head injuries.

Protesters sometimes hold up signs near busy intersections in an effort to use which one
of the following to change people's attitudes? Persuasion

A person who takes up smoking after seeing his or her friends do the same has acquired smoking
behavior through which one of these categories of learning?
Observational learning

According to Alfred Adler, personality develops from which of the following sources?
desire to overcome inferiority

Which of the following must realistically fulfill the needs of the superego?
The ego

According to Freud, children resolve their unconscious sexual attractions to their othersex parent
by transferring this love to an other-sex partner during the: genital stage.

Alok has a recurring dream in which two robbers break into his house at night. He hears
them heading for the staircase and hides under his desk in hopes that they will not find
him. Alok always awakens just as they are about to open his bedroom door. Which of the
following is most likely to happen if Alok were to have Freud as his therapist?
Freud would try to bring Alok's unconscious anxieties, fears, or desires to his
conscious level

The basis on which the id operates is called the: pleasure principle.

Resources and consequences are elements of which component of Bandura’s model of

reciprocal determinism? environment

A stressor such as a major hurricane or earthquake is best considered a catastrophe rather

than a major life event because: catastrophes are events that almost all people perceive as threats
to their lives.

Serena suffered a brain injury and now her sympathetic nervous system doesn’t respond
to danger. She most likely damaged her: hypothalamus.

When a person first encounters a stressor, endorphins are released by: the pituitary gland

Cognitive appraisal will help you do which of the following in a stressful situation?
Accept that the event is stressful and focus on finding positive ways to cope
with it.

What effect do corticosteroids have on the immune system? They weaken it.

Xavier tells his new therapist that he's been feeling down since the death of his
grandmother six months ago. He reports that he's not thinking about suicide, and his
sleep is okay, and he's not having trouble concentrating. But he's not eating well. Given
only those symptoms, the therapist is most likely to believe that Xavier is experiencing:
grief but not major depressive disorder

Which of the following symptoms is characteristic of a manic mood state?

extremely high self-esteem and euphoria

During a manic phase, a person with bipolar disorder is most likely to:
stay up all night talking or working on a project.

In traditional psychoanalysis, what does the concept of transference refer to?

A process in which the client unconsciously reacts to the therapist as if the
therapist were a parent, friend, sibling, or romantic partner

What does psychopharmacology involve? the use of medications

What percentage of people who take conventional antipsychotics long-term will

experience tardive dyskinesia? 10-20%