BEGINNER : ECOSOC: Seizing the Economic Affairs of Brain Drain

Brief Explanation: The emigration of highly trained or intelligent people from a particular
country. The issue of “brain drain”, which is becoming increasingly alarming, occurs because
of different factors such as unstable political conditions, reservation system (which consists
in the facilitation of people belonging to higher classes in education, jobs, and promotions),
low standards of living, poor health conditions, lack of good employment opportunities or
facilities. The migration of a country’s human capital, which may have otherwise benefited its
motherland and contributed to its economy and improvement, results in significant problems
such as loss of talent and quality, and degradation of the economic system and the society
as a whole (especially in the case of migration of doctors and engineers). Consequently, it
increases the disparity in the economic and social prospects of the countries around the
world: the already rich and developed nations grow richer. In contrast, the underdeveloped
ones stay poorer and backward.

Useful Links :

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303984720_Brain_drain_in_less_developed_cou
ntries_A frica_in_focus/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Least_Developed_Countries/

https://www.who.int/entity/workforcealliance/brain-drain-brain-gain/CodeEC_Brain-
DrainPresentat ionAfricaPlatform.pdf

https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-brain-drain-in-economics-defintion-cuases-
effects-exam ples.html

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1275994/#!po=0.892857/
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_capital_flight/

https://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/CMW/Pages/CMWIntro.aspx

http://www.gemun.it/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/ECSOSOC-T2.pdf

https://www.stuymun.org/docs/2021/stuy/ecosoc.pdf
INTERMEDIATE: ILO: Reinforcing Labour Law as a Tool for Economic Growth

Brief Explanation: The relation between labour regulation and economics has always been a
topic of great interest and debate for social actors, politicians, and academics. In Latin
America, there is a common idea that labour and labor-related laws impose “rigidities” on the
labor market that need to be removed in order to promote employment generation.
According to this view, labor and labor-related regulations, although created to help and
protect workers, may actually hurt them, reducing the incentives of enterprises to hire them
and reducing the efficiency in the general economy. Therefore, labor regulations should be at
a minimum. Another vision, however, considers that this “conventional view” generally
ignores the positive effects that labor and labor-related laws could have on the labor market
and assumes that the prior to a regulated labour market – a hypothetical without regulation
situation – is always better, in terms of efficiency and equality, but there is no proof of it and
in fact, they suggest that it could be worst (if it ever exists). As an economy's labor
productivity grows, it produces more goods and services for the same amount of relative
work. This increase in output makes it possible to consume more of the goods and services
for an increasingly reasonable price.

Useful Links :
https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/@ed_emp/@emp_ent/documents/publication/wcm
s_115966.pdf

https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/travail/pdf/rdwpaper27a.pdf

https://wageindicator-data-academy.org/countries/data-academy-garment-indonesia-english/
labour-regulations-english/labour-law-why-we-need-it

https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_norm/---normes/documents/publication/wcm
s_613959.pdf

https://asean.org/wp-content/uploads/images/2015/August/ASEAN-Labour-Ministerial-Meeti
ng-document/Comparative%20Labour%20Laws%20and%20Practices%20in%20ASEAN%2
0Vol%20II.pdf
ADVANCE: UNDP: Ensuring Economic Resilience for Developing and Least
Developing Countries to Covid-19 Recovery

Brief Explanation : COVID-19 has been a major set-back for the global economy with more
than 100 million people pushed into extreme poverty, measured by living on less than $1.90
per day, during 2020 alone. To ensure a strong and durable recovery for all, it will be
essential to properly manage inflationary pressures while addressing debt challenges, but
also to embed climate adaptation measures into economic recovery packages. For without a
broad-based economic expansion, it is difficult to address other challenges, such as
education and healthcare.

The International Monetary Fund recently raised its projection for economic growth in
2021 to 6%, up from 5.5%, and projects 4.4% growth in 2022. The upgraded outlook is
based on how well the pandemic continues to be controlled, the efficacy of fiscal policy in
mitigating economic damage and global financial conditions. Although businesses are the
engines of the economy, governments create the environment and structure that enable
enterprise to flourish (see ‘Government actions that support economic recovery’). How
governments create and shape the environment for economic recovery—and the
opportunities and challenges they face in doing so—will depend on two decisions they make
about their approach.

Useful Links :

https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/industries/government-public-services/six-challenges/economic-r
ecovery-after-covid-19.html

https://www.adb.org/publications/post-covid19-economic-recovery-southeast-asia

https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/industry-and-services/strengthening-economic-resilience-followi
ng-the-covid-19-crisis_2a7081d8-en

https://www.undp.org/albania/projects/economic-recovery-and-resilience
STUDY GUIDE EXAMPLE’S

ECOSOC :
STUDY GUIDE ECOSOC- PIMUN
STUDY GUIDE ECOSOC - MUIMUN

ILO :
STUDY GUIDE ILO - MILMUN
STUDY GUIDE ILO - AUCMUN

UNDP :
STUDY GUIDE UNDP - ZUMUN
STUDY GUIDE UNDP - LUMUN