CLASSIFIED HAZARD LOCATIONS

HAZARD AREA CLASSIFIED TO:

CLASS 1 :
locations are those in which flammable vapors
and gases may be present

CLASS 2 :
locations are those in which combustible dust
may be found

NOTE : THESE CONCEPTS ONLY USE IN

USA
ZONE AREA CLASSIFIED TO:
• Zone 0, Zone 1, and Zone 2 are zones
where hazardous vapors and gases are
present

• Zone 20, Zone 21, and Zone 22 are zones

where hazardous dusts or fibers are
present
Zones.
Hazardous areas for Group II are further
divided into Zones,
these Zones relate to the predicted
occurrence of when an Explosive
Atmosphere may be present in the area.
These Zones are defined as being:

Colour Zones Presence of Gas

Continuously present
Red 0 (During long periods)
Not Likely to be present
Orange 1 (Regular service)
Accidentally present (short
Yellow 2 time service never in
regular service)

Colour Zones Presence of Dust

Red 20 Continuously present
(During long periods)

Orange 21 Not Likely to be present

(Regular service)

Yellow 22 Accidentally present (short

time service never in regular
service)
WHAT IS CHARACTRISTIC OF ZONE 0
 concentrations of flammable gases or vapors are:

• Present continuously

• Present for long periods of time

WHAT IS CHARACTRISTIC OF ZONE 1
 concentrations of flammable gases or vapors are:

- Likely to exist under normal operating conditions

- May exist frequently because of repair,

maintenance operations, or leakage
WHAT IS CHARACTRISTIC OF ZONE 2
 concentrations of flammable gases or vapors are:

1-Not likely to occur in normal operation

2-Occur for only a short period of time
3-Become hazardous only in case of an accident or
some unusual operating condition
CLASSIFIED OF GROUPS

Group I — Electrical apparatus

for mines

Group II — Electrical apparatus for places with

a potentially explosive atmosphere,
other than mines
GAS GROUP CLASSIFICATION
 Gas group I
 Methane
 Gas group II A
 Ammonia, CO, Propane, Butane, Benzene, Acetone,
Methanol
 Gas group II B
 Butadiene, Ethylene, Ethylene Oxide, Diethyl Ether
 Gas group II C
 Hydrogen
EX ‘D’ TYPE FLAMEPROOF EQUIPMENT

A type of protection in which the parts

can ignite an explosive atmosphere
are to be placed in an enclosure,
which can withstand the pressure
developed during internal explosion
of an explosive mixture, and which
prevents the transmission of the
explosion to the explosive
atmosphere surrounding the
enclosure
(EX-D )
FLAME PATH - WIDTH OF JOINT –MM

GAP - DIAMETRICAL CLEARANCE-MM

MAXIMUM EXOERIMENTAL SAFE GAP
(MESG)

GAP
FLAMPROOF PROTECTION (EX ‘D’)
 Maximum gaps and flame path for gas groups depends
on ignition energies of the gas / vapour and the volume
of the enclosure

 For example, for IIB gas group, for 100 Cubic cm

volume, for flanged joints: ethylene-butadiene-ethylene
oxide….
 Flame Path - 6 mm
 Maximum Gap - 0.3 mm

 For II C Hydrogen, 100 cubic cm volume, for flanged

joints:
 Flame path - 9.5 mm
 Maximum Gap - 0.1 mm
EQUIPMENTEXPLOSION-PROTECTION
METHODS

 Flameproof (EX d )
 Intrinsically Safe (Ex i )

 Non-Sparking (Ex n )

 Pressurization (Ex p )

Non popular method include of:

 Powder filled Ex ‘q’ type

 Oil immersed Ex ‘o’ type

INTRINSICALLY SAFE EQUIPMENT &
CIRCUITS (EX ‘I’ )

 Only electrical protective measure protection

technology by way of power limitation, the other
protective techniques use mechanical means to
prevent ignition from electrical faults (max. 30 volts
or 50 mA)

 Ex ‘i’ circuit is the one which has intrinsically safe

barriers with Zenner diodes for power limitation
SMOKE-DETECTOR
EEX-IA-II C-T5
SMOKE-DETECTOR
AEX-IA-II C-T5
NON-SPARKING TYPE EQUIPMENT
(EX ‘N’ )

 A type of protection applied to electrical

apparatus such that , in normal operation it is
not capable of igniting a surrounding
atmosphere and a fault capable of causing
ignition is not likely to occur

 EX n typical marking: EEx n II T5

EXPLOSION PROOF LIGHTING

EEX Na II C T3
PRESSURIZATION TYPE (EX ‘P’
)
A type of protection by
which the entry of
surrounding atmosphere
into the enclosure of the
electrical apparatus is
prevented by a protective
gas at a higher than that of
the surrounding
atmosphere
PRESSURIZATION TYPE (EX ‘P’ )

1- Dynamic Pressurization
DP is a method of maintaining pressure in an enclosure
in which after purging the protective gas is passed
continiously through the enclosure at a pressure above
that of the specified minimum and discharged to the
outside atmosphere

2- Static Pressurization
Example :purging N2 in distance room
of compressor
 RECOMMENDED PROTECTION
METHODS FOR ZONE O

No electrical equipment should be allowed. Only

Ex ‘ i ‘ (ia or ib) apparatus or circuits to be
used
RECOMMENDED PROTECTION
METHODS FOR ZONE 1
Motors- Ex d
Transformers & Capacitors - Ex d
Control & Instrument Transformers - Ex i
Lighting Fitting - Ex d
Switch Gear & Control Gear - Ex d
Communication/ Telephone equipment/Meters -
Ex i
Portable Hand Lamps- Ex I , EX n
RECOMMENDED PROTECTION METHODS FOR
ZONE 2

Motors- Ex d, Ex p, Ex n,
Control & Instrument Transformers - Ex I
Lighting Fitting - Ex d, Ex n
Switch Gear & Control Gear - Ex d, Ex o
Communication/ Telephone - Ex i
Portable Hand Lamps- Ex i
Hazard class Division Label Description
Department of
Class 1 1.1-1.6 Orange Explosives
Transportation
2.1 red Flammable Gases
These are labels or placards that
Class 2 2.2 green Non-Flammable Gases convey hazard information for
containers or shipments of
2.3 white Poison Gases hazardous materials. Each label
has a characteristic color pattern,
Class 3 N/A red Flammable Liquids pictogram, and hazard class
4.1 red striped Flammable Solids number. There are nine different
hazard classes under DOT
red top classification scheme.
Spontaneously Combustible
4.2
Class 4 white bottom
Materials

4.3 Blue Dangerous When Wet Materials

5.1 yellow Oxidizers

Class 5 5.2 yellow organic peroxides
6.1 white Poisons
Class 6 6.1 white Keep away form Foodstuffs
6.2 White Infectious Substances
Yellow-top
Class 7 N/A Radioactive
White-bottom
White-top
Class 8 N/A Corrosive
Black-bottom
Blackstriped-top
Class 9 N/A Miscellaneous
White-bottom
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR
KIND
ATTENTION