ENGLISH REVIEWER

L1: I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud

William Wordsworth

➢Born on April 7th, 1770 in Cockermouth, Cumberland

in the Lake District.

➢ In 1804, he wrote the poem " I Wandered Lonely as a

Cloud“

➢ Dorothy, his sister, influenced him with her love of

nature.

Meter

-unit of rhythm in poetry, the pattern of the beats

 Iambic Tetrameter
each line has four iambs (unaccented syllable
/accented syllable).

Rhyme Scheme

-is the pattern of rhymes at the end of each line of a

poem or song.

 first stanza is ABABCC

Simile

-Comparison of two unlike things with the use of “like”

or “as”

I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud

By William Wordsworth

I wandered lonely as a cloud

That floats on high o'er vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host, of golden daffodils;
Beside the lake, beneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.

Continuous as the stars that shine

And twinkle on the milky way,
They stretched in never-ending line
Along the margin of a bay:
Ten thousand saw I at a glance,
Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.

The waves beside them danced;

but they Out-did the sparkling waves in glee:
A poet could not but be gay, In such a jocund company:
I gazed—and gazed—but little thought
What wealth the show to me had brought:

For oft, when on my couch

I lie In vacant or in pensive mood,
They flash upon that inward eye
Which is the bliss of solitude;
And then my heart with pleasure fills,
And dances with the daffodils.
L2: COMMUNICATIVE STYLES INTIMATE STYLE

Communicative Styles It is the style you use when you talk with your family,
loved ones and very close friends. It does not need
It is a way in which people interact and exchange complete language which means grammar is
information with others. unnecessary. It uses personal language codes and
certain terms of endearment, slangs or expressions
whose meaning is shared with a small subset of persons
to person.

❑Telling your bf/gf that you love them

❑Telling your best friend your deepest or darkest
secret
❑Asking your family for advice or support

CASUAL OR CONVERSATIONAL STYLE

It is informal and is usually used when the speaker is

talking to his or her friends. It is often very relaxed and
focused on just getting the information out. Slangs are
quite often used in these instances.

❑ regular conversation at schools or companies

One-way Communication ❑ teacher-student conversation
❑ group discussion inside the classroom
❑ doctor-patient conversation/
❑ expert-apprentice

FROZEN STYLE

It is used generally in very formal setting. It’s the most

formal communicative style for respectful situation. It
Example: ❑Television ❑Radio ❑Writings ❑speeches does not require any feedback from the audience. This
❑performances style usually uses long sentences with good grammar
Two-way Communication and vocabulary which means the language is fixed and
relatively static.

❑institutional anthem
❑ school creeds
❑ marriage ceremonies
❑speech for a state ceremony
Example: ❑Teacher-student communication ❑Friends FORMAL STYLE
talking with each other ❑Communicating with someone
over the line This is used in speaking to medium to large groups. It
may also be used in single hearers- strangers, older
WHAT ARE THE FACTORS AFFECTING THE STYLE OF persons, professional. Speaker must frame whole
COMMUNICATION? sentences ahead before they are delivered and must
▪Person/s involved avoid using slang terminologies. Its language is
comparatively rigid and has a set, agreed upon
▪Location vocabulary that is well documented; is often of a
▪Topic standard variety.

▪Purpose of communication ❑ Meetings

❑ speeches
❑ school lessons
❑ court
❑ a corporate meeting
❑ in an interview or in a classroom
L3: Bells in the Rain RHYME

Elionor Wylie
● A poet and a novelist
● Born in Somerville, New Jersey and grew up in
Rosemont, Pennsylvania and Washington D.C.
● she suffered from a lot of struggles in life that led to
her death at the age of 43
Bells in the Rain
Sleep falls, with limpid drops of rain,
Upon the steep cliffs of the town.
Sleep falls; men are at peace again
While the small drops fall softly down.
The bright drops ring like bells of glass
Thinned by the wind, and lightly blown;
Sleep cannot fall on peaceful grass
So softly as it falls on stone.
Peace falls unheeded on the dead
Asleep; they have had deep peace to drink;
Upon a live man’s bloody head
It falls most tenderly, I think.
A POETRY
● is a piece of writing that partakes of the nature of
both speech and song that is nearly always rhythmical,
usually metaphorical, and often exhibits such formal
elements as meter, rhyme, and stanzaic structure
STRUCTURE of POETRY
● the overall organization of lines and/or the
conventional patterns of sound.
-is basically similar sounding words like ‘cat’ and ‘hat’,
‘close’ and ‘shows’, ‘house’ and ‘mouse’, etc. free verse
poetry, though, does not follow this system.
THEME
This is what the poem is all about. The theme of the
poem is the central idea that the poet wants to convey.
It can be a story, or a though, or a description of
something or someone, anything that the poem is
about.
SYMBOLISM
Often poems will convey ideas and thoughts using
symbols. A symbol can stand for many things at one
time and leads the reader out of systematic and
structured method of looking things. Often a symbol
used in the poem will be used to create such an effect.
IMAGERY
Imagery is also one of the important elements of a
poem. This device is used by the poet for readers to
create an image in their imagination. For example,
when the poet describes the flower as ‘bright red’, an
image of a red flower is immediately created in the
reader’s mind.
L3: Adverbs
Adverb –is a part of speech that modifies a verb, an
adjective or another adverb. The following are the
different kinds of adverbs and their functions.

STANZAS

are series of lines grouped together and separated by

an empty line from other stanzas. They are the
equivalent of a paragraph in an essay.

Couplet (2 lines)
Tercet (3 lines)
Quatrain (4 lines)
Cinquain (5 lines)
Sestet/ sexain (6 lines)
Septet (7 lines)
Octave (8 lines)
LYRIC POETRY

It is any poem with one speaker (not necessarily the poet)

who expresses strong thoughts and feelings. Most poems,
especially modern ones, are lyric poems.

Example: ● William Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18

NARRATIVE POETRY

It is a poem that tells a story; its structure resembles the plot

line of a story [i.e., the introduction of conflict and characters,
rising action, climax and the denouement].

Example: ● “The Raven” and “Anabelle Lee” by Edgar

Allan Poe
L4: Conditionals
Conditional Sentences

are statements discussing known factors or hypothetical

situations and their consequences. Complete
conditional sentences contain a
conditional clause (often referred to as the if-clause)
and the consequence (main clause).

THIRD DEGREE CONDITIONAL STATEMENT

Third degree conditionals are statements of what could

have happened if the event or situation did not actually
take place. It is also called past-unreal. In this type of
conditional, the verb in the if-clause is in the past
perfect tense (had+ past participle), while the
mainclause is expressed as would/could/might+ have+
past participle.

ZERO DEGREE CONDITIONAL

The zero conditional is used to make statements about

the real world, and often refers to general truths, such
as scientific facts. In these sentences, the time is now or
always and the situation is real and possible.
• If you freeze water, it becomes a solid.
The zero conditional is also often used to give
instructions, using the imperative in the main clause.
The first conditional and second conditionals talk about
the future. With the third conditional we talk about the
past. We talk about a condition in the past that did not
happen. That is why there is no possibility for this
condition. The third conditional is also like a dream, but
with no possibility of the dream coming true.

FIRST DEGREE CONDITIONAL STATEMENT

The first conditional is a structure we use when we want

to talk about possibilities in the present or in the future.

EXAMPLE If it is sunny tomorrow, I will have a picnic.

SECOND DEGREE CONDITIONAL STATEMENT

The SECOND-DEGREE CONDITIONAL, sometimes called

present-unreal, is used to talk about imaginary results
of unreal or impossible conditions in the present
situation.

Second degree conditionals can be used to talk about

things in the future that are probably not going to be
true.

It can also be used to talk about something in the

present which is impossible, because it's not true.