DIFFERENTIAL

EQUATIONS
2 ENGR. DARWIN JONE JUPITER

Computer Engineering Department

University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines
 Variable Separable
Exact Equation
Linear Equation
Substitution Methods
Mixed Problems
Introduction to Use of Computer
in Solving DE

UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYOF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES ES 208 | ENGR. JUPITER

Direction Fields

-the collection of all line element at each point (x, y)

of the grid with slope f(x, y).

-suggests the appearance or shape of a family of

solution curves of the differential equation, and
consequently, it may be possible to see at a glance
certain qualitative aspects of the solutions—regions in
the plane, for example, in which a solution exhibits an
unusual behavior.

UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYOF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES ES 208 | ENGR. JUPITER

 Autonomous Differential Equation
-ordinary differential equation in which the independent variable does not
appear explicitly.

UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYOF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES ES 208 | ENGR. JUPITER

 Critical Points

-c is a critical point of the autonomous differential equation if it

is a zero of f—that is, f(c) = 0.
-If c is a critical point of , then y(x)= c is a constant solution of
the autonomous differential equation.
-also called as equilibrium point or stationary point

UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYOF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES ES 208 | ENGR. JUPITER

 Attractors and Repellers

Attractor
-both arrowheads on either side of the dot labeled c
point toward c

Repeller
-both arrowheads on either side of the dot
labeled c point away from c

Semi-stable
-attracted to c from one side and repelled from the
other side

UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYOF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES ES 208 | ENGR. JUPITER

Separable Equations

UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYOF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES ES 208 | ENGR. JUPITER

UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYOF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES ES 208 | ENGR. JUPITER
Linear Equations

(1) Change into standard form

(2) Identify P(x) and find
integrating factor.
(3) Multiply by the integrating
factor.
(4) Integrate and solve for y.

Homogeneous Linear DE

Nonhomogeneous Linear DE

UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYOF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES ES 208 | ENGR. JUPITER

UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYOF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES ES 208 | ENGR. JUPITER
UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYOF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES ES 208 | ENGR. JUPITER
Exact Equations

Exact if it corresponds to the differential some function f(x,y) and the expression
on the left-hand side is an exact differential.

UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYOF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES ES 208 | ENGR. JUPITER

UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYOF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES ES 208 | ENGR. JUPITER
UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYOF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES ES 208 | ENGR. JUPITER
UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYOF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES ES 208 | ENGR. JUPITER
UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYOF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES ES 208 | ENGR. JUPITER
UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYOF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES ES 208 | ENGR. JUPITER

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