MCQS Introduction to statistical Theory

1: Middle observation in an arranged set of data is called

A. mean
B. mode
C. median
D. range

(c)

2: Nth root of product of values x1, x2, x3, ....., xn is called

A. arithmetic mean
B. geometric mean
C. variance
D. harmonic mean

(b)

3: A bar chart constructed in which area of each bar is proportional to number of

items in each group is known as

A. pi chart
B. histogram
C. frequency distribution table
D. polygon

(b)

4: 1st quartile is also known as

A. lower quartile
B. upper quartile
C. median
D. geometric mean

(a)
 5: Value of [3(n +1)⁄4]th term is formula of

A. variance
B. 3rd quartile
C. 2nd quartile
D. geometric mean

(b)

6: Square of standard deviation is called

A. harmonic mean
B. variance
C. mode
D. 2nd quartile

(b)

7: In set 2, 4, 5, 4, 6, 5, 3, 4, 2, mode is

A. 2
B. 5
C. 4
D. 3

(c)

8: When cumulative frequencies are plotted against end points of their respective
class intervals and joined together, resultant graph is called

A. cumulative frequency pentagon

B. cumulative frequency histogram
C. cumulative frequency hexagon
D. cumulative frequency polygon

(d)
 9: Table which shows frequency of each score is called a

A. polygon
B. pi chart
C. histogram
D. frequency distribution table

(d)

10: 3rd quartile is also known as

A. lower quartile
B. upper quartile
C. median
D. geometric mean

(b)

11: Monthly income of 5 persons are 3000, 5000, 4000, 2000 and 6000. Their
arithmetic mean should be

A. 4000
B. 6000
C. 5000
D. 3500

(a)

12: Positive square root of mean of squared deviations of values from their mean
is known as

A. standard deviation
B. median
C. variance
D. harmonic mean

(a)

13: Harmonic mean of 3,4 and 8 is

A. 3.43
B. 3
C. 4
D. 8

(a)

14: Geometric mean of 2,4 and 8 is

A. 3
B. 5
C. 2
D. 4

(d)

15: Value of [(n +1)⁄2]th term is formula of

A. 2nd quartile
B. median
C. 1st quartile
D. both A and B

(d)

16: A many sided closed figure used in frequency distribution is termed as

A. frequency polygon
B. frequency hexagon
C. frequency pentagon
D. frequency decagon

(a)

17: By adding all numbers in set together and then total is divided by number of
scores in that set, we obtained

A. geometric mean
B. arithmetic mean
C. standard deviation
D. variance

(b)

18: Total number of observations , which are below a certain value are known as

A. class boundaries
B. class marks
C. cumulative frequency
D. variances

(c)

19: Most frequent observation in a data set is called

A. mode
B. median
C. range
D. mean

( a)

20: Frequency polygon is constructed by plotting frequencies against their

A. standard deviations
B. class marks
C. variances
D. means

(b)

21: Range in data 18, 25, 12, 13, 8, 9, 20 is equal to

A. 11
B. 33
C. 13
D. 17

(d)
 22: Summary statistics which measure middle or center of data are called

A. logarithms
B. measures of central tendency
C. measures of dispersion
D. proportions

(b)

23: um of deviations of values from their mean is always

A. 1
B. 0
C. 2
D. 3

(b)

24: Average of all observations in a set of data is known as

A. median
B. range
C. mean
D. mode

(c)

25: Median in set 6, 4, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 4 would be

A. 3
B. 6
C. 5
D. 4

(d)

26: Cumulative frequency polygon is also called

A. ogive
B. histogram
C. absicca
D. sigma

(a)

27: Mean , median and mode are part of

A. measures of central tendency

B. measures of dispersion
C. logarithms
D. proportions

(a)

28:  Number of times each value appears is called value's

A. range
B. mode
C. frequency
D. standard Deviation

(c)

29: Three points that divides set into 4 equal group are called

A. deciles
B. percentiles
C. quartiles
D. none of above

(c)

30: Difference between largest value and smallest value is called

A. mean
B. mode
C. range
D. median

(c)
 31: If Xm is largest value and Xo is smallest value, then range ‘R’ is equal to

A. R = Xm - Xo
B. R = Xm⁄Xo
C. R = Xm + Xo
D. none of above

(a)

32: 2nd quartile is also known as

A. mode
B. harmonic mean
C. arithmetic mean
D. median

(d)

33: Reciprocal of arithmetic mean of reciprocal of values x 1, x2, x3, ....., xn is known
as

A. variance
B. geometric mean
C. harmonic mean
D. arithmetic mean

(c)

34: In set of ‘n’,the median is located at the

A. (n + 1)⁄2th score
B. (n - 1)⁄2th score
C. (2n + 1)⁄2th score
D. (2n - 1)⁄2th score

(a)

35: The expected value or _______ of a random variable is the center of its distribution.
a) mode
b) median
c) mean
d) bayesian inference

Answer: c
Explanation: A probability model connects the data to the population using assumptions

36:  Point out the correct statement:

a) Some cumulative distribution function F is non-decreasing and right-continuous
b) Every cumulative distribution function F is decreasing and right-continuous
c) Every cumulative distribution function F is increasing and left-continuous
d) None of the Mentioned

Answer: d
Explanation: Every cumulative distribution function F is non-decreasing and right-continuous.

37: Which of the following of a random variable is a measure of spread ?

a) variance
b) standard deviation
c) empirical mean
d) all of the Mentioned

Answer: a
Explanation: Densities with a higher variance are more spread out than densities with a lower
variance.

38: The square root of the variance is called the ________ deviation.
a) empirical
b) mean
c) Continuous
d) standard

Answer: d
Explanation: Standard Deviation (SD) is the measure of spread of the numbers in a set of data from
its mean value.

39: Point out the wrong statement:

a) A percentile is simply a quantile with expressed as a percent
b) There are two types of random variable
c) R cannot approximate quantiles for you for common distributions
d) None of the Mentioned

Answer: c
Explanation: R can approximate quantiles for you for common distributions.

40: Which of the following inequality is useful for interpreting variances ?

a) Chebyshev
b) Stautaory
c) Testory
d) All of the Mentioned

Answer: a
Explanation: Chebyshev’s inequality is also spelled as Tchebysheff’s inequality.
41: Which of the following random variables are the default model for random samples ?
a) iid
b) id
c) pmd
d) all of the Mentioned

Answer: a
Explanation: Random variables are said to be iid if they are independent and identically distributed.

42: Cumulative distribution functions are used to specify the distribution of multivariate random
variables.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Explanation: In the case of a continuous distribution, it gives the area under the probability density
function from minus infinity to x.

43: Chebyshev’s inequality states that the probability of a “Six Sigma” event is less than :
a) 10%
b) 20%
c) 30%
d) 3%

Answer: d
Explanation: If a bell curve is assumed, the probability of a “six sigma” event is on the order of one
ten millionth of a percent.

44:  If quartile range is 24 then quartile deviation is

A. 48
B. 12
C. 24
D. 72

(b)

45:  If mean absolute deviation of set of observations is 8.5 then value of
quartile deviation is

A. 7.08
B. 9.08
C. 10.2
D. 11.2

(a)
46:  Sum of all squared deviations is divided by total number of
observations to calculate

A. population deviation
B. population variance
C. sample deviation
D. sample variance

(b)

47:  For recorded observation, ratios measured by absolute variation are

considered as

A. non-relative measures
B. relative measures
C. high uniform measures
D. low uniform measures

(b)

48: If arithmetic mean is multiplied to coefficient of variation then resulting

value is classified as

A. coefficient of deviation
B. coefficient of mean
C. standard deviation
D. variance

(c)

49: If arithmetic mean is considered as average of deviations then resultant

measure is considered as

A. close end deviation

B. mean absolute deviation
C. mean deviation
D. variance deviation
(b)

50: If positive square root is taken of population variance then calculated

measure is transformed into

A. standard root
B. standard deviation
C. standard variance
D. sample variance

(b)

51: Examples of applications of range in real world includes

A. weather forecasts
B. quality control
C. fluctuation in share prices
D. all of above

(d)

52:  In a set of observations, amount of variation can be shown in form of

figures with help of

A. absolute measures
B. uniform measures
C. non-uniform measures
D. exploratory measures

(a)

53: If value of first quartile is 49 and value of third quartile is 60 then value
of inter quartile range is

A. 21
B. 31
C. 11
 D. 41

(c )

54: If set of observations is 11, 13, 15, 12, 16, 18, 19, 14, 20, 17 and absolute
mean deviation is 12 then percentage of coefficient of mean absolute
deviation is

A. 47.41%
B. 57.41%
C. 67.41%
D. 77.41%

(d)

55:First deciles of data is 8, ninth deciles is 12 and fifth deciles is 6 then

coefficient of skewness is

A. ±2
B. ±1
C. ±3
D. ±4

(a)

56:  In statistical procedures, skewness is used to measure the

A. amount of variance
B. amount of upper tail values
C. amount of dispersion
D. direction of dispersion

(c)

57: In kurtosis, frequency curve which looks more peaked than normal curve
of bell shaped distribution is classified as
 A. mega curve
B. mesokurtic
C. leptokurtic
D. platykurtic

(c)

58:  Kurtosis defines peakness of curve in region which is

A. around the mode

B. around the mean
C. around the median
D. around the variance

(a)

59: Frequency distribution is considered as negatively skewed if all values

of distribution moves to

A. lower tail
B. median tail
C. variance tail
D. upper tail

(a)

60: In kurtosis, beta is greater than three and quartile range is preferred for

A. mesokurtic distribution
B. mega curve distribution
C. leptokurtic distribution
D. platykurtic distribution

(d)

61:  In measures of skewness, absolute skewness is equal to

 A. mean+mode
B. mean-mode
C. mean+median
D. mean-median

(b)

62: Considering moments in standard units, fourth alpha with power 1 is

equivalent to

A. beta three
B. beta four
C. beta one
D. beta two

(d)

63: For Karl Pearson's skewness coefficient value of skewness must be in

limits

A. ±3
B. ±5
C. ±4
D. ±2

(a) 

64:Distribution is considered leptokurtic if

A. beta three is less than three

B. beta two is greater than two
C. beta three is greater than three
D. beta two is greater than three

(d)
65: Statistical measures such as deciles, percentiles, median and quartiles
are classified as part of

A. percentile system
B. quartile system
C. deciles system
D. moment system

(a)

66:  For ungrouped data in calculation of moments from mean, formula to

calculate this measure is

A. 1⁄n Σ(x-mean)r
B. 2⁄n Σ(x-mean)r
C. 2⁄n Σ(x+mean)r
D. 2⁄n Σ(x+mean)x

(a)

67: Coefficient of skewness method in which basis of measuring is deciles

and percentiles is classified as

A. Gary's coefficient of skewness

B. Sharma's coefficient of skewness
C. Kelly's coefficient of skewness
D. Jack Karl's coefficient of skewness

(c)

68:  In binomial probability distribution, dependents of standard deviations

must includes

A. probability of q
B. probability of p
 C. trials
D. all of above

(d)

69:  In random experiment, observations of random variable are classified

as

A. events
B. composition
C. trials
D. functions

(c)

70: Tail or head, one or zero and girl and boy are examples of

A. non-functional events
B. complementary events
C. non complementary events
D. functional events

(b)

71: Number of products manufactured in a factory in a day are 3500 and

probability that some pieces are defected is 0.55 then mean of binomial
probability distribution is

A. 1925
B. 6364
C. 63.64
D. 3500
(a)

72: In normal distribution, z-score and z-statistic are classified as names of

A. standardized normal random variable

B. Poisson random variable
C. normal geometric variable
D. weighted average variable

( a)

73: Probability distribution having shape of bell and in which values of mean
lies in center of probability distribution is classified as

A. continuous distribution
B. normal distribution
C. discrete distribution
D. hyper geometric distribution

(b)

74:  In normal distribution, normal curve becomes more wider and more
flatter because of

A. small value of variance

B. large value of variance
C. large value of standard deviation
D. small value of standard deviation

(c)

75: Successful life of product, time, weight and height are classified as
 A. continuous random variable
B. discrete random variable
C. continuous waiting time variable
D. continuous hyper geometric variable

(a)

76: Considering normal distribution, spread is decreased and height of

curve is increased for the

A. larger value of standard deviation

B. smaller value of standard deviation
C. smaller value of variance
D. larger value of variance

(b)