REPORTING SCRIPT

INTRODUCTION:
I hope everyone is willing to lend me an ear because
we are now going to discuss about the auditory sense

The auditory sense is used to process sounds

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It’s receptor is the EAR and it is divided into three parts:
a. The outer ear
b. The Middle ear
c. And the inner ear

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Here is a visual representation of the anatomy of the ear

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The outer ear is the part of our ear that is visible. It collects and funnels sounds, and it is also called the pinna
which consists of: the cartilage and skin.

It also has glands that produce ear wax.

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Next is the middle ear. The middle ear includes the following: the eardrums, and the three tiny bones in our ears
also known as the ossicles which contains the; malleus, incus, and the stapes.

The middle ear helps the inner ear receive sound waves from our eardrums.

The eustachian (yus-tey-chan) tubes, which assist in balancing the pressure inside your ears, are located in your
middle ears as well

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And lastly is the inner ear. The inner ear is a fluid space containing the cochlea and semicircular canals.

The cochlea is a snail shaped structure that is lined with tiny hairs.

It is crucial for the sensation of hearing and takes part in the auditory transduction process.

ANATOMY AND PROCESS:

Moving on to the hearing process:

sounds enter through the outer ear by the pinna and will go through the auditory canal or the external auditory
meatus (meetus)

the vibration will hit the eardrums or the tympanic membrane

The stapes, a connective tissue membrane that presses the oval window and is situated at the junction of the middle
and inner ear, is responsible for this.

the vibration causes the ossicles composed of malleus, incus, and stapes to vibrate. The ossicles are responsible
for transmitting the vibrations into our cochlea which is filled with fluid

Ripples or waves are then produced by this fluid. Consequently, the membrane to which the hair is connected is
moved

The activation of the hair cells in the organ of corti, which is a part of the cochlea, triggers transduction, or the
transfer of sensory data into the brain.
And the auditory nerve transports these electrochemical impulses to the brain.

COMMON HEARING PROBLEMS:

There are three types of hearing loss:

TYPE 1: SENSORINEURAL
The first type is the sensorineural hearing loss. Sensorineural hearing loss happens when the hair cells inside your
hearing organ otherwise known as the cochlea, has a problem

These hair cells flex and move when sound comes into the ear. Your hearing is caused by their movement, which
transmits a signal to your brain through the auditory nerve. Your hearing will be impaired if these hair cells don't
function properly.

Noise exposure and aging are some of the most significant factors that contribute to sensorineural hearing loss.

You could get this kind of hearing loss if your hair cells are severely damaged by exposure to loud noises. However,
you can prevent this by limiting your exposure to loud sounds.

If aging is the cause, there isn't much you can do to stop this kind of hearing loss.

This type is curable with hearing aids when the outer hair cells are the ones that are damaged

TYPE 2: CONDUCTIVE
The second type is conductive hearing loss. This type of hearing loss occurs in the middle ear and it affects the
eardrums and the ossicles.

It is caused by problems in the mechanical system that transmits sound waves to the cochlea

There is nothing wrong with your cochlea in this instance; the sound simply cannot travel all the way from your outer
ear to your inner ear.

The neural impulse is produced by sound propagating through the ear canal, vibrating the eardrums, which moves
the ossicles, which then moves the fluid inside the cochlea. You will experience conductive hearing loss if any of
that chain's link has a problem performing its function.

Earwax is a common contributor to conductive hearing loss because it prevents sound waves from vibrating.

A hole in the eardrum and disconnected ossicles are two additional common causes of this type of hearing loss

Conductive hearing impairments often require medical intervention and occasionally require surgery to correct

TYPE 3: MIXED
The third type of hearing loss occurs when a conductive hearing loss coexists with a portion of sensorineural
hearing loss

Because it is uncommon, this requires a variety of treatments

As an example, consider someone who has fluid in their middle ear and hearing loss as a result of working around
loud noises.

FACT:
Our ears are essential for our balance. You may ask what is the connection between our ears and our balance.
This is because the inner ear coordinates with our eyes and muscles, our ears assist us in maintaining equilibrium

The inner consists of three semicircular canals. There are three distinct arrangements of these three semicircular
canals. Each of these canals has fluid called endolymph and hair cells called cilia at the base
Every time we turn our heads, the fluid moves, causing the cilia to move as well. The cilia then send messages to
the brain, telling it the direction our head recently turned.