DETERMINATION OF PARTIAL MOLAR VOLUME

Jay Robert R. Laceda 1, AG Bert Balanta 2 , Dexter Foronda 3, Edmond Valerio Morande 4,
Jaslyn Jessica Ortiz 5, John Henrix Serdena 6 , Kim Limpiada8, Monzour Dave Manrique 10,
Runir Antonio Timones 11 , Vimalyn Sanchez 12

Abstract

In this experimentation , Partial molar volume of components of solution (Zonrox and

distilled water ) was determined .Varying percentage concentration of Zonrox was used to
comparatively evaluate their Partial molar volume and then , mass of the pycnometer with
amounts of Liquid substance was weighed using triple beam balance. The specific density of the
two liquid sample was determined using Pycnometer then the value obtained was multiplied to
the molecular weight of the substance to get its partial molar volume. Based on the results
obtained from the experiment the partial molar volume of the substance was found to decrease
with an increasing percentage concentration of zonrox in the solution.

Introduction extensive property of a mixture has a

Partial molar property is a thermodynamic
quantity which indicates how an extensive
property of the solution or mixture varies
with changes in the molar composition of
mixture at constant temperature and
pressure. Partial molar or molal quantities
relate changes in extensive properties of the
solution ( such as V,G,H,S, and A ) to
changes in concentration.of all the extensive
thermodynamic properties , the volume is
easiest to visualize. Essentially it is the
partial derivative of the extensive property
with respect to the amount (number of
moles) of the component of interest. Every
corresponding partial molar property. The
partial molar volume is broadly understood
as the contribution that a component of a
mixture makes to the overall volume of the
solution. The partial molar volumes of the
components of a mixture vary with the
composition of the mixture, because the
environment of the molecules in the mixture
changes with the composition. It is the
changing molecular environment (and the
consequent alteration of the interactions
between molecules) that results in the
thermodynamic properties of a mixture
changing as its composition is altered.
Partial molar properties are useful because
chemical mixtures are often maintained at
constant temperature and pressure and under
these conditions, the value of any extensive
property can be obtained from its partial
molar property. They are especially useful
when considering specific properties of pure
substances (that is, properties of one mole of
pure substance) and properties of mixing
(such as the heat of mixing or entropy of
mixing).
METHODOLOGY
Materials and reagents
To be able to carry out the experiment 1
pycnometer , 250 ml round bottom flask ,
triple beam balance , 1 pippete , Zonrox and
Distilled water
Methods
Preparation of Materials
The sample substance Zonrox and Distilled
water was bought from the PUP COOP and
the Glassware was taken from PUP
Laboratory.
Cleaning of the Glasswares
The glasswares were washed thoroughly
with distilled water
Determination of Density of solution
At room temperature , the density of the
following solution was determined 20 , 40 ,
60 , 80 % ( wt / wt ) zonrox solution and
followed by weighing of dry pycnometer.
The pycnometer was then filled with
distilled water until the water level in the
pycnometer reaches the top of the capillaries
then the researchers secured that the water is
free for air bubbles and the pycnometer must
be completely dry. 20 ml , 15 ml , 10 ml and
5 ml of distilled water was transferred to the
round bottom flask using pippete while 5 ml
, 10 ml , 15 ml and 20 ml of Zonrox was
transferred to the pycnometer and combined
with the ml of water as stated and then
determine the weight of Pycnometer . using
the density of water at 25 degrees Celsius
which is 0.9997 g / ml then the volume of
pycnometer containing zonrox and distilled
water was calculated and then density of
solution was calculated.
Determination of Partial Molar Volume
The Partial molar volume was obtain by
multiplying the specific volume obtained
and the molecular weight and then value
obtained was plotted using MS Excel.
Results and Discussion.
Figure 1 : Plot of percent weight of liquid
vs. Specific Volume
Based on the Figure 1 the percentage
weight of zonrox is inversely proportional
to the specific volume. An increase in
weight percentage will also cause a
decreased in specific volume and vice (Concentration ) of Zonrox would result in a
versa. decrease in partial molar volume of water.

Figure 2 : Plot of Percentage weight of and Conclusion:

Partial Molar Volume Zonrox
This experiment indicated that there is an
inverse relationship between partial molar
volume and percentage concentration of two
liquid ( Zonrox and Distilled water ) . it
means that any increase in percentage
concentration of Zonrox will result in a
decrease of Partial molar volume of the
Zonrox itself and Partial molar volume of
Distilled water.

References:
Based on Figure 2 the Percent weight of
Zonrox ( NAHClO ) is inversely related to P. Atkins and J. de Paula, "Atkins'
its Partial molar volume. It means that Physical Chemistry" (8th edition,
increasing the percent weight of Zonrox will Freeman 2006), chap.5
result in the decrease in Partial Molar
volume. T. Engel and P. Reid, "Physical
Chemistry" (Pearson
Figure 3 : Plot of Percent weight of Zonrox Benjamin-Cummings 2006), p. 210
versus the Partial Molar Volume.
K.J. Laidler and J.H. Meiser, "Physical
Chemistry" (Benjamin-Cummings
1982), p. 184-189

P. Rock, "Chemical Thermodynamics"

(MacMillan 1969), chap.9

Ira.Levine, "Physical Chemistry" (6th

edition,McGraw Hill 2009),p.125-128

Based on Figure 3 , the percentage weight of

Zonrox is inversely related to the calculated
Partial molar volume of water . it means that
an increased in percent weight

APPENDICES
Table 1

vol H20
wt/wt vol Zonrox (mL) (mL) Mass
20 5 20 25
40 10 15 25.4
60 15 10 25.6
80 20 5 26

Table 2

Partial Specific Volume of H20

(mL/g) Partial Specific Volume of Zonrox (mL/g)
0.5152 0.1288
0.3828 0.2552
0.2538 0.3807
0.1256 0.5024

Table 3

Partial Molar Vol of Partial Molar Vol of

Specific Volume (mL/g) NaHClO4 H20
0.644 47.94 11.6
0.638 47.49 11.5
0.634 47.23 11.43
0.628 46.75 11.32

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