“RAJASTHAN

HAVELI”
BY,THIRUMANI
GOUTHAM
DIVIA
1)INTRODUCTION/
CHARACTERS..
B Y,
THIRUMANI
INTRODUCTION:
• A haveli is a
traditional townhouse or mansion in
the Indian subcontinent, usually one with
historical and architectural significance.
• hawali, meaning "partition" or "private
space".
• Then the term 'haveli' is used as an generic
name for mansions, townhouse and temple
s.
• Courtyard served as the centre for various
ceremonies and rituals.
• Separated areas for men and women, and
provided them with privacy.
• Using open space in the building design to
respond to the local climate, air movement
caused by temperature differences assists in
the natural ventilation of the building.
• The courtyard was used for various Old fort haveli, Rajasthan
functions.
• They can make you feel like one of Rajasthan
royals in an instant.
• All these elements join to form an enclosure
and give the chowk a composed, secured
feel
• Architectural form of havelis has evolved in
response to the climate, lifestyle, and
Alsisar Mahal
availability of material.
• In hot climates where cooling is a necessity,
buildings with internal courtyards for airflow
and cooling were considered the most
appropriate;
• In rainy places the houses were built to be
kept dry from humid air. It provided shade
while also allowing light inside. The arcade
along the court, or the high wall around it,
kept the interiors cool.
 “they usually
contain a
courtyard, often
with a fountain in
the center”
RAJASTHAN HAVELIS:
• They have created a much spectacular building which
helped as a resident for the royal family.
• The havelis is an integral part of the Rajasthan’s history
and culture.
• The much-talked Havelis of Rajasthan are Samode haveli,
Patwon Ki Haveli, Nathmalji Ki Haveli, Shekhavati Haveli,
Mandawa haveli and many others.
PROMINENT CHARACTERISTICS
OF TYPICAL HAVELIS:
• Plinth of house and the main entrance is generally kept high at some
places. The Door Height is very less to control entry. Each door in the
house is beautifully crafted. In staircase, the height of the risers is high
while width is very small. Brackets are used to support the roof while
Niches in the wall with the recesses is used to keep oil lamps. Use of
stone slabs to built the “parinda” for drinking water storage. Rainwater
outlet is given at roof. Wooden false ceiling used in old houses. In old
houses, the terrace is mainly used in summers to sleep at night. Every
house used to have a manual flour-grinding machine (Atta Chakki)
THERE ARE MAINLY THREE TYPES
OF RESIDENTIAL AREA:
1) Class - A Residential Areas: Inhabited by
jewelers, businesspersons:
Mostly old, spacious multistoried, known as havelis
with many courts;
Inner courtyards cover 50% of the total plinth area
of the houses;
Infrastructure facilities in such neighborhoods are
adequate.
 2)Class - B residential Areas: occupied by
small traders, servicemen:
Houses in these areas are old, untransformed,
threestoried structures.
Typical small inner courtyards covering 25% of the total
plinth area leave the rooms on the ground floor.
Houses not properly ventilated.
Toilets and bathing facilities are usually available only
on ground floors.
3)CLASS – C RESIDENTIAL AREAS:
OCCUPIED BY ARTISANS AND LABOURERS .

• Houses are usually single or two room tenements, mostly

semi-pucca.
• Houses are over crowed with no open spaces outside the
buildings.
• Very few houses have electricity connection, toilets or
bathrooms.
2)ELEMENTS /
COMPONENTS:
B Y,
GOUTHAM SANKAR
THE TRADITIONAL HOUSE
(HAVELI):
Haveli is defined as the large traditional Indian house having one or
more courtyards. The main elements/components of the Haveli are:
• 1. Courtyard
• 2. Parsal
• 3. Osari
• 4. Khadki/ Choubara
• 5. Zarokahas/verandah
• 6. Otala
 1)COURTYARD..
❖ It is commonly called as
“CHOWK”.

❖ It is a centrally located open

mansion mandawa
place surrounded by partly
shaded places and/or fully
shed places.

❖ It Works chiefly as a source

of sunlight and air for the
activities occurring in the
adjacent areas

❖ Some havelis have multiple

courtyards, separate for men
and women to provide them
with privacy. The courtyard
also served as a
microclimate modifier.
• All these elements joining to form an
enclosure, give the chowk a
composed and a secured feel
• The positions of the openings will
have a tremendous effect on the
sense of enclosure felt by users.
• The paintings on the walls overlooking
the chowk in the havelis of
Shekhawati, depicting Krishna-Radha
Leela, the stories related to the
owner, the stories of Shekhawati itself,
the battle scenes to make women
aware of them, the steam engine to
depict advancement – all these are
manifestations of the lifestyle of
people. It is an inward looking area,
but an open space!
 STACK EFFECT

Floor plan and the section of

a typical courtyard haveli,
Jaisalmer, showing the air
flow and the cooling by
convection currents formed.
Air movement caused by
temperature differences is
utilized in the natural
ventilation of building.

Jaisalmer fort
 2)PARSAL
• It is a partly shaded place
surrounded on one side by
the open place (courtyard)
and on the other side by the
fully shaded place

• This place is Shaded with low

intensity of Light. It has both
“active” and “passive”
activities and works as a
“transitory” place

• This is why it is the most

“active” element of the
dwelling (located between
the fully shaded rooms and
the open courtyard it receive
the light from the courtyard
and takes it to the room
• this is why it is the most
“active” element of the
dwelling (located
between the fully shaded
rooms and the open
courtyard it receive the
light from the courtyard
and takes it to the room
• Places of shade and
shelter function as social
meeting places and
shaded sitting places
outdoor places.
3)OSARI

• It is very similar to the

‘Parsal’.

• However, parsal has wall

on three sides and osari
on four sides.

• A partly shaded place

boarded on one side by
the courtyard and on the
other side by an open or
shaded place.
4)KHADKI/
CHOUBARA:
It is a fully shaded place or rooms
with Osari (a partly shade place)
on one side, and either an open,
or partly shaded place (Otala), on
the other side.

It is a supplementary to the Osari.

This enclosed, fully shaded place

works as a filter to street heat, light
and noise.

Activities occur are ‘rest’, ‘play’,

‘site’ and at times ‘dry’. Cooler
and darker than other elements
studied owing to its location (sun’s
rays never enter).

Its small dimensions do not allow it

to become an entrance
chamber.
5)ZAROKHA/
V E R E N DA H :

It is a projected place for, shade,

sun, light, and breeze.

A partly shaded or open place

However, Verandah is Located on
the ground floor, and Jharokha on
the upper floors. Jharokha is meant
to shade the lower storey and
exposed to the street for
communication.

It also works as a shelter from the

rains for the rooms next to it and
the lower storied rooms.
. Jharokha
6 ) OTA L A ( O R
OT TA ) :
It is the outer most place of a
dwelling. Either an open Or a partly
shaded place.
3)CASE STUDY
“NATHMALJI - KI – HAVELI”

B Y,
DIVIA
NATHMALJI - KI - HAVELI
LOCATION : Jaisalmer , Rajasthan

Jaisalmer in rajasthan bears relics to the rich architectural splendor of the ancient times.
An unique feature of the marvelous architectural monument of Nathmalji ki haveli is the gaint
structure of two elephants of yellow sand stone at the main entrance.

HISTORY : Nathmalji haveli was constructed

by two brothers ,where the whole building is
in symmetry and the left side was
constructed by one and right side was by
the other, the difference is noticed only
when one looks closely.

The walls and the ceilings are decorated

with exquisite paintings and fine carvings.
The rich architectural features of two
brothers are reflected on these in
the Nathmalji's haveli.
 PLAN :

The building is planned around two courtyards ,the one in the front is much smaller than the
one in the rear.
The front part of the building is three storey high and has the main living quarters.
The rear spart is two storey high and has the ancillary accomodation.

ENTRY
The difference between the right and left facade (grill ,pillar ,design and shape of tiny window)
BUILDING MATERIALS :

The materials used in the walls are mostly sandstone and limestone are used in the upper storey
and façade since it can be craved easily.
The stone joints are made without mortar and held together using iron cramps.
Due to thick walls and mud plaster, it reduces thermal load in the building.
BUILDING FORM :

The entire building is full of unequal heights with wind pavilions ang high parapet walls ,
creating an uneven skyline and shading in the process.
At the second level they have a number of projections like sunshades and balconies.
At the lowest levels , the flat parts of the building façade are deeply carved creating finned
surfaces.
Uneven building form also influences radiateive heat loss from walls.
Also increased wall area of the uneven building mass radiates a greater amount of heat to
the sky and consequently stays cooler than a more compact space.
The courtyards provide necessary light and ventilation foe all the surrounding room.
When the front portion receives some sunlight the rear portion is completely exposed to
sun.
The street and the narrow shaft are completely protected from the sun , and due to
uneven leveling of the openings the building ensures continuous airflow throughout the
house.
WINDOWS : windows and balconies are generally fitted with
jallies or latice windows for privacy as well as to restrict dust
but at the same time to let the wind in.
Door are built with stone frames and fitted with timber door
ROOFING:
The roof is made of closely spaced timber beam and then covered by a layer of grass matting
and finally laid by a layer of earth on the top.
These are then finished with stone floor or mud plaster.
The layer of earth and grass matting keeps the interior cool.
The room in the basement were designed as strong rooms for valuables.
The temperature remains constant throughout the year due to the absence of heat
load and due to the rapid decay of the ambient temperature wave in the soil.
Vertical air ducts and shaft directs the wind direction into the building and accelerate
the ventilation throughout the courtyard.
INTERIOR VIEWS:
“see you with next
………..slide….”