Project Title : Job ref.

Part of structure : Sheet no.: Revision:

Flexible Pavement Design (ESAL : 5.0E+06 & Subgred CBR : 10%)
Drawing ref. : Design by: Date: Check by: Date:

Reference Description Output

REFERENCES :
1. ATJ5/85 : Arahan Teknik Jalan 5/85.
2. GDOR : Forth Malaysia Road Conference Workshop On Revision of "A guide On
Geometric Design of Roads".
3. SPDRR : Sabah Policy For The Design of Rural Road 1981.

DESIGN DATA :
1. Terrain Type = -
cl.3.5 GDOR 2. Design period, x = 15 years x= 15 years
cl. 3.5 ATJ5/85 3. Subgrade CBR value = 10 % CBR = 10 %
4. Initial Average Daily Traffic (both ways), ADT = 153 veh/day (vpd) ADT= 153 vpd
5. Percentage of selected heavy goods vehicles, Pc = 30 % Pc = 30 %
Table 2.06-2SPDRR 6. The rate of annual traffic growth, r = 4 % r= 4%
7. Total Carriageway width, Lc = 6 m Lc = 6m
8. Shoulder width, Ls = 2 m Ls = 2m
Table 3.1 ATJ5/85 9. Road Equivalence Factor, e = 3.0 e= 3
Table 3.2 ATJ5/85 10. Ideal hourly capacity on one way traffic flow, I = 1000 veh/hour (vph) I= 1000 vphl
Table 3.3 ATJ5/85 11. Roadway factor, R = 0.81 R = 0.81

TRAFFIC ESTIMATION :
cl. 3.3.4ATJ5/85 1. Initial annual commercial traffic for one direction, Vo
Vo = [ADT x 0.5 x 365 x (Pc/100)]
= 8377 veh/lane (vpl) Vo = 8377 vpl
cl. 3.3.5ATJ5/85 2. Accumulative sum of commercial vehicles one direction for x year, Vc
x
Vc = Vo [ (1+r) - 1 ]
r
= 167733 veh/lane (vpl) Vc = 167733 vpl
cl. 3.3.9ATJ5/85 3. Total equivqlent standard axles, ESA
ESA = Vc x e
= 5.0320E+05 ESA = 5.0320E+05

TRAFFIC PROJECTION CHECK AT THE END OF DESIGN PERIOD :

cl. 3.3.7ATJ5/85 1. Initial daily traffic in one direction, V1
V1 = (ADT x 0.5)
= 77 veh/day/lane (vpdl) V1 = 77 vpdl
cl. 3.3.7ATJ5/85 2. Volume of daily traffic after x years in one direction, Vx
x
Vx = V1 x (1 + r)
= 138 veh/day/lane (vpdl) Vx = 138 vpdl
Table 3.4 ATJ5/85 3. Traffic reduction factor, T
T = 100 / (100 + 5 Pc)
= 0.40 T = 0.40
cl. 3.3.12ATJ5/85 4. Maximum one way hourly traffic volume, c
c = (I x R x T)
= 648 veh/hour/lane (vphl) c = 648 vphl
cl. 3.3.13ATJ5/85 5. The 24 hours one way traffic capacity, C
C = 10 x c
= 6480 veh/day/lane (vpdl) C = 6480 vpdl
Therefore, C > Vx Design period is OK C > Vx

THICKNESS DESIGN NOMOGRAPH :

Figure 2 ATJ5/85 From figure 2 the corrected equivalent thickness,
TA' = 23.0 cm

DESIGN OF LAYER THICKNESS :

Table 3.5ATJ5/85 1. Structural layer coefficients :-
Layer Material Coefficient
a1 Asphalt concrete 1.00
a2 Mechanically stabilize crushed aggregate 0.32
a3 Crushed aggregate 0.25
Table 3.8ATJ5/85 2. The minimum thickness of Bituminous layer, D1 = 15.0 cm
Table 3.6ATJ5/85 3. The minimum thickness of Road Base layer, D2 = 10 cm
Table 3.6ATJ5/85 4. The minimum thickness of Sub Base layer, D3 = 10 cm
5. Nominated D1 = 10.0 cm , D2 = 25 cm D3 = 20 cm
6. Design of layer thickness, TA'' = a1D1 + a2D2 + a3D3
= 23.00 cm
Therefore, TA'' < TA' Design of layer thickness is OK
 Project Title : Job ref.:

Part of structure : Sheet no.: Revision:

Flexible Pavement Design (ESAL : 5.0E+06 & Subgred CBR : 10%)
Drawing ref. : Design by: Date: Check by: Date:

Reference Description Output

7. Pavement thickness
Layer Pavement type Pavement thickness (mm)
a1 Wearing Course 50
a1 Binder Course 50
a2 Road Base 250
a3 Sub Base 200

Table 3.5ATJ5/85 NOMOGRAPH OF THICKNESS DESIGN:

Table 3.2 : Maximum Hourly Capacity Under Ideal Condition
Road Type Passenger Vehicle Units Per Hour
Multilane 2000 per lane
Two lane (bothways) 2000 total for bothways
Three lane (bothways) 4000 total for bothways
Table 3.1 : Guide For Equivalence Factore
Percentage of selected heavy goods vehicles* 0 - 15% 16 - 50% 51 - 100%
Type of Road Equivalence Factore Local 1.2 Trunk 2.0 3 3.7
Note :
* Selected heaby goods vehicles refer to those conveying timber and quarry material.
Table 3.3 : Carriageway Roadway Reduction Factor
Shoulder Width
Carriageway Width
2.00m 1.50m 1.25m 1.00m
7.5m 1.00 0.97 0.94 0.90
7.0m 0.88 0.86 0.83 0.79
6.0m 0.81 0.78 0.76 0.73
5.0m 0.72 0.70 0.67 0.64
Table 3.5 : Structural Layer Coefficients
Component Type of Layer Property Coefficient
Wearing And Binder Asphalt Concrete 1.00
Course
Road Base Course Dense Bituminous Macadam Type 1 Stability > 400 kg 0.80
Type 1 Stability > 300 kg 0.55
Cement Stabilized Unconfined Compressive 0.45
Strength (7 days) 30 - 40
2
kg/cm
Mechanically Stabilized Crushed CBR >=80% 0.32
Aggregate
Sub Base Course Sand, Laterite etc. CBR >=20% 0.23
Crushed Aggregate CBR >=30% 0.25
Cement Stabilized CBR >=60% 0.28
Table 3.6 : Minimum Layer Thickness
Type of Layer Minimum Thickness
Wearing Course 4 cm
Binder Course 5 cm
Road Base Course Bituminous 5 cm
Wet Mix 10 cm
Cement treated* 10 cm
Sub Base Course Granular 10 cm
Cement treated 15 cm
Note : * For cement treated base course, the total bituminous layers overlaying it
should not be less than 15 cm.
Table 3.8 : Minimum Thickness of Bituminous Layer
TA' Total Thickness of Bituminous Layer
< 17.5 cm 5.0 cm
17.5 - 22.5 cm 10.0 cm
23.0 - 29.5 cm 15.0 cm
> 30.0 cm 17.5 cm