MW/3/1

CD MATERIALS AND WORKMANSHIP SPECIFICATIONS

GAS FILTERS

3.1 General

3.1.1 Purpose

This section specifies the requirements for the supply, manufacture,

installation and testing of the gas filters. The gas filter shall be able to
absorb chemical and bacteriological agents such as nerve gases, blister
agents, suffocating agents, tearing and harassing agents, blood agents,
vomit inducing agents and toxins (biotoxics). The gas filter shall
essentially be made up of an high efficiency particulate aerosol (HEPA)
filter and a gas adsorption filter (activated carbon) enclosed inside a steel
container. Both filter elements have to be mounted so that the outdoor air
will be thoroughly filtered by the 2 stages of filtration. i.e. aerosol filter first,
followed by the carbon filter.

3.1.2 Nominal performance

The nominal performance viz. the air flow quantity of the gas filter shall be
600 cubic metres per hour (CMH), for which the gas filters shall be
designed, fabricated, assembled and tested.

3.1.3 Operational modes

The gas filter shall be designed and constructed for 2 modes of operation
namely, the gas filtration mode and the filter by-pass mode. In the gas
filtration mode, all outdoor air for shelter ventilation purposes shall pass
through the gas filter and filtered by the aerosol and activated carbon
filters. In the filter by-pass mode, the outdoor air bypasses the gas filter
and is supplied direct to the shelter air handling unit.

3.1.4 Blast and shock resistance protection

In relation to blast, the gas filter shall be able to withstand the shelter blast
valve peak pass-through free field overpressure and impulse. The blast
pass-through pressure and impulse shall be no less than 2 bars and 1.5
bar-millisecond (bar ms) respectively. The shock resistance of the gas
filter shall be no less than 12.5 g’s in either direction along each of the 3
major axes.

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3.2 Component description

3.2.1 Resistance to war gases

All parts of the gas filter shall be made of materials which shall possess
properties suitable for its use in a hostile environment such as long-term
durability, high resistance to heat, humidity and dust, fire resistant and
high resistance to the biological-chemical agents stated above.

3.2.2 Gas filter container

The filter container shall be made up of minimum 2 mm thick mild steel. It

shall be hermetically sealed with an inert gas for long term storage. It shall
be extremely rigid resisting mechanical damage, shock resistant and gas-
tight. The filter shall not be sensitive to shaking during transportation or to
inner pressure variation of -60,000 to +70,000 Pa as a result of
temperature changes. The container shall be able to withstand an internal
static pressure of 1 bar. There shall be no pressure drop under this test
pressure for a test duration of 10 minutes. The nominal pressure drop
across the entire gas filter shall not exceed 1000 Pa. All welding on the
container for providing air-tightness of the container shall be continuous
weld.

An air inlet and an air outlet tube each with a gas-tight blank-off disc shall
be provided with the container. To ensure gas-tightness, the blank-off disc
shall consist of a metal shut-off plate, rubber seals and suitable number of
bolts and nuts to attach the shut-off plate to the tubes. Only when the
shut-off discs are removed for contaminated air to pass into the gas filter
during the air filtration shall then the gas-tightness be broken.

The gas filter shall be provided with a compensating screw on the

container body sealed against the infiltration of outside air. This screw
shall be used for checking of air-tightness of the gas filter and for pressure
balance when opening the gas filter. The compensating screw shall be
clearly marked with durable and water resistant labels. In addition, each
gas filter shall be equipped with a dial type pressure gauge (of a working
range of 0 to 20,000 Pa complete) with an isolating valve for checking the
pressure of dry compressed air or a suitable inert gas pre-charged at
15,000 Pa into the filter assembly. Drop in this pre-charge pressure will
indicate a leakage of the gas filter container.

The gas filter cover(s), the blank-off discs, the compensating screw and
any container locking ring shall be sealed by the manufacturer at the
factory. Every gas filter shall be checked for air-tightness and sealing
before leaving the factory.

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Each gas filter shall be fastened to the concrete plinth on the platform floor
at a minimum of four (4) mounting points using four (4) base frames or
one (1) common base frame. The base frame(s) shall be made of welded
steel members hot dipped galvanized for corrosion protection. The design
of the base frame(s) and fasteners shall comply with the specified shock
requirements.

An appropriate number of screws for earthing connection shall be

provided on the gas filter container for earthing purposes. These screws
shall be clearly marked with durable and water resistant labels.

The filter container shall be provided with at least two handles for lifting
and transportation.

Two (2) durable and water resistant labels shall be provided at a

conspicuous position on the container the following data concerning the
gas filter:-

i Make, model, and serial number

ii Name and address of manufacturer
iii Filter type
iv Production batch number
v Gas filter model certification number
vi Activated carbon production lot number
vii Activated carbon certification number
viii Weight of activated carbon
ix Date of manufacture of gas filter
x Delivery weight of gas filter
xi Maximum permissible weight of gas filter
xii Nominal capacity (in CMH)
xiii Overall air resistance (in Pa)
xiv Weight of gas filter on-site

The gas filter shall be marked with a durable and water resistant label
which reads “Keep upright at all times. Do not tilt”. The air flow directions
shall be clearly marked with arrows using water resistant paint on the
container air inlet and outlet tubes.

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3.2.3 Aerosol filter

The function of the aerosol filter is to retain the fine solid suspended
particles and aerosols through separation achieved by the effects of
inertia, interception and diffusion.

The filter element material shall have high separation capacity, high fire
retardance, low flow resistance, high aerosol storage capacity, high water,
chemical and putrefaction resistances.

Each aerosol filter shall have a nominal air flow rating of 600 CMH. The
nominal air flow velocity through the aerosol filter surface shall not exceed
1.5 cm per sec. Each filter shall be individually tested and certified to
have an efficiency of not less than 99.9995 % when tested with particles of
0.1 to 0.3 microns. This efficiency shall be maintained for the range of
particle sizes even after the blast and shock tests as specified herein.
Filter style code and performance shall be printed on each filter cell.

The aerosol filter shall be provided with a gas-tight seal such that no
leakage shall occur around its perimeter and all intake air has to pass
through the filter medium. The sealing material shall be ageing resistant
and stable within a range from 0oC to +60oC and shall be resistant against
all types of war biological and chemical agents.

The following are additional requirements for the aerosol filter and the
mechanical values are applicable for both the longitudinal and traverse
directions:-

i) Characteristics for filtering

The filter medium shall be tested with DEHS (Di-ethyl hexyl-

sebacyte) acid. Alternatively, the filter medium may be tested with an
equivalent type of test aerosol such as DOP (Dio-ctylphthalate)
subjected to the approval of the Authority.

The permeability for particle size ranging from 0.1 to 0.3 µm shall
be:-

- Max. 0.005% for velocity range from 0.1 to 2.5 cm/s

- Max. 0.01% for velocity range from 2.5 to 5.0 cm/s

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ii) Traction strength

Traction test (according to ISO 1924 Average value of

paper and board standard or approved 10 samples
equivalent standard)

Traction strength in original condition >1.0 Nmm -2

Traction strength after pre-heating > 0.8 Nmm -2

Traction strength after humid storage > 0.8 Nmm -2

iii) Forwarding tensile strength

Forwarding tensile strength test Average value

(according to ISO 1924 paper and board of 10 samples
standard or approved equivalent
standard)

Forwarding tensile strength in original > 300 mN

condition
Forwarding tensile strength after preheating > 250 mN

Forwarding tensile after storage in humid > 250 mN

atmosphere

iv) Behaviour in wet conditions (according to ISO 3781 standard or US

MIL Specifications MIL-F-51079C or approved equivalent standard

Tensile resistance after 24 hours water storage > 0.6 Nmm -2

v) Chemical stability

The material of the filter shall be dipped in the chemicals mentioned

below at temperature of 34°C during 5 hours ± 15 minutes, thereafter
pre-dried at 34°C for 15 hours ± 2 hours and then dried for 24 hours
± 2 hours at 50°C.

The resistance to the chemicals shall be tested at 34°C and 95%

relative humidity.

⇒ hydrochloric acid 0.5 n

⇒ sodium hydroxide 0.5 n
⇒ benzol chloride
⇒ benzene

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Change of weight max. ± 6% (excl. sodium

hydrate) from 6 samples

Change of traction max. ± 30% however > 1.0

resistance Nmm -2 from 6 samples

vi) Water-alcohol-test (according to ISO 5633-1983 standard or US MIL

Specifications MIL-STD-28 or approved equivalent standard)

After being in contact for 30 seconds with a 15 µl of a water-ethanol

mixture with a part weight of 25 % ethanol, the filter material shall
remain dry on both sides of the filter medium.

vii) Water absorption capacity

The test requirements shall comply with ISO 535 - 1991 or approved
equivalent. The water capacity of absorption shall be less than 10 gm
-2
.

viii) Resistance to mold (mildew)

The resistance to mold of the filter material shall be proven in a

humid chamber in which the material shall be stored for 2 and 4
weeks at 30°C and at greater than 98% relative humidity. The mold
shall not be visible with a magnifying glass on artificial contaminated
surfaces or surfaces not protected against the propagation of mold.

3.2.4 Gas absorption activated carbon filter

The activated carbon bed shall be the gas absorption element in the gas
filter when the contaminated air is channelled through it. The activated
carbon shall be microporosity carbon of a good grade and impregnated
with chromium salt, silver and copper such that it is suitable for use to
neutralise war agents. The activated carbon has to be filled in compactly
and maintained under compaction by compression springs. After filling in
the activated carbon, the carbon humidity shall not exceed 5 % by weight.

The activated carbon bed shall have a specific volume of at least 0.45 litre
of activated coal for every cubic metre per hour of air flow rate i.e.
0.45x600 = 270 litres (minimum) of activated carbon in the filter. The
minimum carbon bed thickness shall be 150 mm.

The complete assembly of gas filter subjected to test with the nominal flow
capacity shall provide at least the same holding time as a reference
carbon column tested at the same time for comparison purposes. This

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column shall be filled at the testing laboratory according to the procedure

specified by the laboratory. The air flow rate through the reference carbon
column shall be computed based on the carbon bed thickness and its
specified minimum specific volume.

A spring assembly shall be provided to keep the activated carbon tightly

compacted to ensure that the war agents are completely absorbed as they
pass through the carbon bed. To this end, a minimum spring pressure as
recommended by the activated carbon supplier shall be maintained on the
activated carbon.

The filter gas absorption capacity shall be maintained after the specified
shock and blast pressure tests.

3.2.5 Pressure drop simulator

A pressure drop simulator shall be provided across the intake and outlet
air tubes. The pressure drop simulator is used in normal times to simulate
the designed pressure drop across the gas filter at an air flow of 600 CMH
without the need to pass the intake air through the activated carbon bed of
the gas filter. A differential pressure manometer shall be provided on the
simulator and marked appropriately such that at the nominal air flow rate
the pressure drop across the gas filter shall not exceed its nominal value
which in any case shall not be more than 1000 Pa. It shall be possible to
read the actual pressure drop across the gas filter at the nominal air flow
rate by using gradations marked at 100 Pa intervals on the manometer.
The respective levels of the liquid in the simulator shall not exceed or drop
below the range of design pressure drop of the gas filter.

3.2.6 Couplings, fastening devices and blank-off discs

Flexible connections and associated flanged couplings, fastening devices

and blank-off discs connecting the outdoor air supply duct to the gas filters
shall be provided such that in the CD conventional mode of operation the
gas filters shall be bypassed. In the filtration operational mode, the
flexible connections and associated accessories shall be able to be
rearranged or adjusted in a speedy manner to direct the contaminated air
through the gas filters. The method and procedure of conversion from
conventional to filtration mode of operation and vice versa shall be
subjected to the approval of Authority. All natural rubbers and synthetic
materials which form any part of these flexible connections and associated
accessories shall be tropicalised and possess high resistance to war
agents, humidity, abrasion, ageing and rough handling. They shall fit
snugly onto the gas filter inlet and outlet tubes such that no air leakage is
allowed. The flexible connection shall also be made of a sturdy and
durable material such that it shall not tear or perforate easily.

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3.2.7 Sealing materials

Any elastomer sealant used shall be subjected to the approval of the

Authority. Other types of sealing materials shall be tested according to
their use and subjected to the approval of the Authority.

3.2.8 Dust protection

The activated carbon bed shall be protected at the air inlet and outlet
sides of the bed with dust protective filters to remove dust with a filter
efficiency of 90 to 95% arrestance ASHRAE 52-76 or approved equivalent
standard.

3.2.9 Corrosion protection

All metal parts of the gas filter shall be properly treated for corrosion
protection such as use of hot dipped galvanized complying with EN ISO
1461 or approved equivalent or epoxy powder coating or a surface
treatment and painting scheme approved by Authority.

3.2.10 Packing

The gas filter supplied shall be completely wrapped with an appropriate

thick transparent plastic cover to protect the gas filter from dust, dirt and
water at all times including after the installation of the gas filters and the
completion of the testing and commissioning of the shelter.

3.2.11 Weighing

Each gas filter assembly shall be weighed in the factory and weighed
again after delivered to site. The gas filter weighing machine shall be able
to provide on weight measurement in kg up to two (2) decimaql points. A
valid calibration certificate shall be submitted for Authority’s review prior to
carrying out the weighing process. The 2 weights shall be recorded on
labels affixed to the gas filter container and compared to see whether
there is any weight gained. The tolerance of the gas filter weighing
machine shall not be exceed 0.3kg. If the on-site weight gain/ loss of a gas
filter is more than 0.3kg compared to the factory weight then that gas filter
will be rejected and has to be replaced at no cost to the Authority.

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3.3 Type tests and batch tests

3.3.1 Type tests

The Contractor shall submit complete and detailed documentation on the

conduct and results of comprehensive type tests in accordance with the
requirements of this Section. Type tests shall be carried out by an
independent testing authority which has been appointed by an established
national civil defence authority to carry out such tests and which has the
necessary expertise, experience, equipment and apparatus to carry out
the required tests. The independent testing authority shall be required to
certify that the gas filters have successfully passed the type tests in
accordance with the requirements specified herein. The Contractor shall
submit all relevant information relating to the independent testing authority
including organisation structure, testing facilities, track record, etc., for the
review and reference of the Engineer

Only gas filters which have successfully passed such type tests will be
considered.

For the submission of the type test results, the following documents shall
be submitted:-

i) Detailed drawings of gas filter, test arrangement, test procedure, test

instrumentation etc.
ii) Installation manual
iii) Operating and maintenance manual
iv) Parts list
v) Certificates, test reports and any other documentation which show
that the gas filter satisfies the requirements specified herein.

The Contractor shall propose the make and model of gas filters supplied
under the contract. In addition to the detailed specifications for the
equipment proposed, the Contractor, as part of tender submission, shall
submit test results or test certificates issued by an independent testing
authority for the following:-

a) Leakage test of gas filter container at 100 kPa of internal pressure.

b) Pressure drop test across gas filter at air flows rates ranging from
400 CMH to 800 CMH at start of batch test and after paraffin oil test,
mechanical shock test and shock tube test.
c) Paraffin oil test on HEPA filter before and after mechanical shock
tests, and after shock tube test.

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d) Mechanical shock test on gas filter at 12.5 g’s in both directions

along the 3 major axes.
e) Shock tube test on gas filter with a minimum peak reflected
overpressure of 2 bars and a minimum peak reflected impulse
density of 1.5 bar-millisecs.
h) Reference carbon column test on gas filter using the specified test
gas.
i) Absorption capacity test on activated carbon using the 4 specified
test gases.
j) HEPA filter element tests:
i) DEHS permeability
ii) Traction strength
iii) Forwarding tensile strength
iv) Tensile resistance in wet condition
v) Chemical stability
vi) Water-alcohol-test
vii) Water absorption capacity
viii) Resistance to mold

3.3.2 Batch tests

Upon award of the tender, 1 batch test shall be carried out by the
Contractor on a gas filter randomly selected from each batch of gas filters
supplied with a distinct activated carbon production lot. The tests shall be
carried out by an independent testing authority proposed by the
Contractor. In this connection, the Contractor shall propose at least two
independent testing authorities for consideration by the Engineer. All costs
related to such test(s) shall be deemed to have been included in the
contract price.

The following tests shall be carried out:-

a) pressure drop across gas filter test at airflows of 400 to 800 CMH

b) shock tube test at 2 bar overpressure and 1.5 bar-millisecs impulse

b) shock test on mechanical test bed at 12.5 g’s in both directions along
the 3 major axes

c) leakage test at 100 kPa of gas filter container internal pressure

d) HEPA aerosol filter test

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e) reference carbon column test

f) absorption capacity test of activated carbon using 4 simulation gases

namely, chloropicrin CCl3NO2 to verify the carbon effectiveness for
physical absorption, and cyanogen chloride ClCN, hydrocyanic acid
HCN and arsine (hydrogen cyanide) to test its effectiveness for
chemical absorption

For each batch test, one gas filter shall be tested. The gas filter shall be
selected by the Engineer at random from the batch of gas filter at the
manufacturer’s factory. The exact timing and dates of the tests shall be
proposed by the Contractor subjected to the acceptance of the Engineer.

Samples of the gas filters shall be tested for compliance with the
requirements of the respective tests as specified herein. In the event that
any one of the gas filter should fail the test, the whole batch of the gas
filters from which the sample is taken will be rejected. A new batch of gas
filters shall be supplied and a sample from the batch shall be selected at
random for a re-test. The batch of gas filters shall be accepted only after
the tests on the sample selected from the batch are successful. The
Contractor shall bear all necessary costs for the successful completion of
the batch tests or any re-tests as specified.

The batch tests shall be witnessed by the Engineer or his representatives.

For this purpose, the Contractor shall allow for the provision of all
necessary coordination works for the witnessing visits. The Contractor
shall note that all costs relating to air tickets, accommodation and meals
shall not be borne by him.

The Contractor shall also arrange for an inspection visit to the

manufacturers of the gas filters including the activated carbon to inspect
the production facilities, production processes and quality control systems.

The Contractor shall be deemed to have allowed for all costs for all the
abovementioned tests and witnessing visits and no claims whatsoever
shall be entertained in this respect.

3.3.3 Testing

a) Shock test

The gas filter shall be tested for its mechanical shock resistance.
The gas filter shall be fixed onto a mechanical test bed and subject to
a shock of no less than 12.5 g’s in both directions (one at a time)

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along each of the 3 major axes. After the blast, the gas filter shall be
inspected visually for any damage or loosening of its components.

b) Blast test

The gas filter shall be mounted behind a shock tube and subject to a
blast wave for the purpose of verifying its ability to withstand a blast
and retain its performance effectiveness thereafter. The shock shall
generate a shock wave to simulate a test blast of over-pressure and
impulse at no less than 2 bars and 1.5 bar-millisecond (bar ms)
respectively. The blast pressure and impulse shall be measured at a
distance of 300 mm from the position of the air intake side blank-off
disc along its axis with the blank-off disc removed. See sketch below
for test arrangement of shock tube and gas filter.

c) Leakage test

The gas filter assembly shall be subjected to an internal static

pressure of 1 bar to check for any leakages. There shall be no
pressure decay at this test pressure for a test duration of 10 minutes
starting from the time when the pressure at 1 bar has stabilized.

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Diaphragm
Booster
Chamber

Pressure Tank
At
Expansion
Chamber
SHOCK
TUBE

Air Compressor

AI
Pressure Gauge to measure blast
overpressure and impulse

300mm

Position of gas
filter blank-off
disc

Position of gas
GAS FILTER filter blank-off
disc

TEST ARRANGEMENT OF SHOCK TUBE AND GAS FILTER

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d) Testing of aerosol filter

The aerosol filter shall be removed from the gas filter after the blast
resistance and shock tests and a aerosol test conducted on it.

The test aerosol shall be generated from an aerosol generator

designed for this purpose. Reference is made to DIN standard 24184
or approved equivalent standard. The method of aerosol production
must achieve high production rates of the order of 1010 s-1 to 1011 s –1
to provide statistically significant measurements. The concentration
and size of distribution of the aerosol produced shall remain constant
throughout the test. The test aerosol shall be fed to the filter at a rate
corresponding to the nominal air flow of the gas filter, i.e. 600 CMH.
The concentration of the aerosol shall be measured before and after
the filter to determine the efficiency of the filter.

Filters with efficiency less than 99.9995 % for test aerosol size
ranging from 0.1 to 0.3 microns arising from this test shall deem to
have failed the test and shall be rejected. The filter efficiency for the
range of particle sizes as specified shall be determined by a
fractionating particle counting method subject to approval of the
Authority.

e) Reference carbon column test

The objective of this test is to verify the effectiveness of activated

carbon as packed in a gas filter. The test with a reference carbon
column contained in a laboratory cylinder shall be conducted only
after the gas filter under test has undergone shock tests at 15g and
blast test at 2 bar overpressure and 1.5 bar-millisec impulses.

A standard reference carbon column shall be prepared from the

same carbon lot as that for the manufacture of the batch of gas filters
subjected to the batch test. The test agent Tri-Chloro-Ethylene, at a
suitable concentration shall be passed through both the gas filter and
the reference carbon column which shall be connected in parallel to
the test agent supply. The individual upstream airflows just before the
gas filter and the reference column shall be measured to ensure the
correct gas flows are present and passing through both test items
during the test. Any branching off of the common duct supplying the
test gas shall occur just before the gas filter and reference column so
as to ensure the best possible consistency in gas concentration for
both test items.

The test set-up shall be able to record the concentrations of the test
gas, at regular time intervals, at the inlets and outlets of the gas filter

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and reference carbon column such that the break-through times for
both gas filter and the column could be measured and compared.

The test shall meet the following conditions:-

i). The test gas flow rate shall be linear and at about 100 mm/s
corresponding to the specific carbon volume of 0.45
litres/CMH of nominal air-flow and a minimum contact time of
1.5 seconds of gas filter.

ii). The method of packing and the measured density of the

activated carbon in the reference column shall be similar to
the actual method of packing and stipulated density of the
activated carbon in the gas filters.

iii). The carbon bed thickness inside the reference carbon

column shall be the same as the gas filter carbon bed lateral
thickness and shall have a minimum contact time of 1.5
seconds.

iv). The test agent shall be Tri-Chloro-Ethylene and the injection

concentration shall be at 40 to 60 g/CMH and break-through
concentration shall be about 0.12g/m3.

The reference carbon column test shall be considered as successful

if the break-through time for the gas filter is clearly greater than that
of the reference carbon column.

f) Testing of activated carbon

i). The absorption capacity test of activated carbon by dynamic

absorption testing shall be carried out by using the following 4
simulation gases:-

For physical absorption effectiveness:

- chloropicrin CCl3NO2 (dry and moist)

For chemical adsorption effectiveness:

- cyanogen chloride ClCN (dry and moist)

- hydrocyanic acid (hydrogen cyanide) HCN (dry)
- arsine (moist)

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ii). Requirements on the absorption performance of activated

carbon:-

Requirement on the resistance time period with

the dynamic absorption testing:
Test agent Concentration Activated carbon pre- Minimum
conditioning resistance
time
co cD
g/m³ mg/m³ minutes
Chloropicrine 16 5 Premoistened ≥ 80
Premoistened normally ≥ 80
aged
Cyanogen 5 5 as delivered 1) ≥ 130
chloride
Premoistened ≥ 100
Premoistened quickly ≥ 75
aged
Premoistened normally ≥ 75
aged
Hydrogen 2 2 As delivered 1) ≥ 200
cyanide
Arsine 3 3 Premoistened ≥ 200

Legend:

co - test agent entry concentration

cD - test agent break-through concentration

Test conditions:

a) carbon bed height 2): - minimum 150 mm

b) conditions of test air temperature,
humidity, pressure: - 34°C, 95 % RH, 1 atm

Notes:

1) volatile matter content (humidity) ≤ 3% weight

2) with respect to a specific carbon volume of 0.45 litre per cubic metres/hour
(CMH) of nominal air flow

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iii) Preconditioning of Activated Carbon

To simulate the applicable conditions which may impair the

absorption performance, the activated carbon is pre-treated
before the absorption test as stated in the abovementioned
table is conducted:-

− pre-moistened at 34°C / 95% RH (F95) at 1 atmosphere

− pre-moistened, normally aged (stored as per F95 for 100
days at 34°C)
− pre-moistened, quickly aged (stored as per F95 for 48 hours
at 34°C)
− pre-moistened, dynamically aged (F95 during 100 days)

iv) Requirements on mechanical, physical and chemical properties

of activated carbon

The properties of the activated carbon shall be tested to

requirements as shown in the Table below. The test method
adopted for each property shall be indicated in the submission
to the Authority.

Property Unit Requirement

Dust content % by weight ≤ 0.030

Abrasion hardness % by weight ≥ 96
Volatile matter content % by weight ≤ 3.0
Silver content 1) % by weight ≥ 0.050
Spontaneous ignition °C ≥ 180
temperature
Effluent air purity
ammonia desorption2) mg/m³ ≤17

Notes:

1) to provide the required adsorption performance against arsine

2) general note: toxic substances < max. admissible working concentration;
smelling substances > threshold of odour

The activated carbon shall also be able to withstand heating in

air to at least 180 °C without spontaneous ignition. A 5 to 10
gm of activated carbon shall be arranged in a 2 cm thick layer
and heated to at least 180 °C in an oven. Explosion shall not
occur during the heating.

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3.4 Technical documentation

3.4.1 Installation manuals

Each batch of gas filters supplied shall be provided with a set of

installation manuals in English. The manuals shall contain installation
instructions supplemented with illustrative drawings and shall include inter
alia description of site preparation requirements, gas filter installation
requirements and procedure, method of fastening to the plinth, the number
and types of base frames and fastening bolts, tightening torque, method of
connection to the main air ducts, etc.

3.4.2 Operations and maintenance manuals

Each batch of gas filters supplied shall be provided with a set of operation
and maintenance manuals in English. The manuals shall contain operation
and maintenance instructions supplemented with illustrative drawings and
shall include inter alia description of operational requirements and
procedure, maintenance requirements and procedure, complete parts list,
list of special operation and maintenance tools, procedure for use of
pressure drop simulator, etc.

The maximum permissible weight increase of the complete gas filter due
to moisture absorption by the activated carbon shall not be exceeded. This
permissible weight increase shall be clearly labelled on the gas filter
container and included in the operations and maintenance manuals.

3.4.3 Labelling

All labels shall be in English.

3.5 Quality assurance

The Contractor shall implement a quality assurance system to ensure that

the manufacture of all gas filters shall conform to the requirements of the
specifications. The quality assurance system shall be in accordance with
ISO 9001.

The Contractor shall adopt a quality plan and quality manual for the
manufacture of gas filters. The documents shall include all quality control
systems, work procedures, check-lists and an inspection and test plan for
the manufacture of all components in accordance with the specifications.

The Contractor shall produce documentary evidence to show that internal

quality audits have been scheduled and shall include audit on the
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implementation of the quality system, inspection and testing, handling,

storage, packaging and the control of quality records.

The Contractor shall produce documentary evidence to show that an

independent testing authority has been appointed to carry out an external
quality audit of the manufacture, assembly and testing of gas filters.

May 2008