30th National Children’s Science Congress

TITLE OF THE PROJECT

TO STUDY THE EFFECT OF NATURAL AND CHEMICAL
FERTILIZERS ON THE PLANTS AND ENVIRONMENT

THEME: AWERENESS ABOUT FERTILIZERS

SUB-THEME: KNOW YOUR ECOSYSTEM

NAME OF GROUP LEADER: ANIL KUMAR MEENA

S/O MR.NIRANJAN LAL
GROUP MEMBER: AMAN BABAL CLASS-11TH
NAME OF SCHOOL: JAWAHAR NAVODAYA
VIDHYALAYA,SURATGARH,SRI GANGANAGAR
ADDREES OF SCHOOL- JAWAHAR NAVODAYA
VIDYALAYA,SURATGARH

DISTRCT- SRI GANGANAGAR II STATE- RAJASTHAN

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PIN-335804

EMAIL: JNVSURATGARH2014@GMAIL.COM

Contents-
 INTRODUCTIONF: PAGE 3-4
 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:PAGE 4
 HYPOTHASIS: PAGE 5
 METHODOLOGY: PAGE 5-9
 CONCLUSION : PAGE 10

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 TITLE OF THE PROJECT:
 TO STUDY THE EFFECT OF NATURAL AND CHEMICAL
FERTILIZERS ON THE PLANTS AND ENVIRONMENT.

INTRODUCTION
A fertilizer is any material of natural or synthetic
origin that is applied to soil or to plant tissues to
supply plant nutrition. Fertilizers may be distinct
from liming materials or other non-nutrient soil
amendments. Many sources of fertilizer exist, both
natural and industrially produced.
Historically fertilization came from natural or organic
sources: compost, animal manure, human manure,
harvested minerals, crop rotations and byproducts of
human-nature industries (i.e. fish processing waste,
or bloodmeal from animal slaughter). However, starting
in the 19th century, after innovations in plant nutrition,
an agricultural industry developed around synthetically
created fertilizers. This transition was important in
transforming the global food system, allowing for larger-
scale industrial agriculture with large crop yields.
Use of chemical fertilizers are beneficial in providing
nutrients to plants although they have some negative
environmental effects. The large growing consumption
of fertilizers can affect soil, surface water, and
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groundwater due to dispersion of mineral use.
Phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizers when commonly
used have major environmental effects. The main
contributor to eutrophication is phosphate, which is
normally a limiting nutrient; high concentrations
promote the growth of cyanobacteria and algae, the
demise of which consumes oxygen.
Only a fraction of the nitrogen-based fertilizers is
converted to plant matter. The remainder accumulates
in the soil or is lost as run-off. The nutrients, especially
nitrates, in fertilizers can cause problems for natural
habitats and for human health if they are washed off soil
into watercourses or leached through soil into
groundwater.
The radioactive content of the Chemical fertilizers varies
considerably and depends both on their concentrations
in the parent mineral and on the fertilizer production
process. High annual rates of phosphorus fertilizer are
used, this can result in uranium-238 concentrations in
soils and drainage waters that are several times greater
than are normally present.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

The aim of this project is to find the effects of natural and
Chemical fertilizers on plants and environment.

Objective: To aware the people about the consequences of using

natural and artificial fertilizers on plants and environment

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 HYPOTHESIS
 In nature, decomposition of organic matter creates a
natural fertilizer. Applying organic compost or well-
aged herbivore manure adds nutrient-rich organic
material to the soil, improving quality and texture.
Adding organic material to the soil increases its
ability to hold water; reduces erosion from water
and wind; decreases compaction and crusting of the
soil; and raises soil pH.

 Chemical fertilizers are made with synthetic

ingredients designed to stimulate plant growth.
Commercial chemical fertilizers are more expensive
than natural fertilizers. They may contain
ingredients that may be toxic to the skin or
respiratory system. You also need to mix and
measure them accurately. If you use too much, you
can kill your plants. Chemical fertilizers can build up
in the soil, causing long-term imbalances in soil pH
and fertility.

METHODOLOGY
Experimentation: An Experiment was designed to
know the effects of chemical and natural fertilizers over
plants as well as environment. This Experiment gives us
the basic idea about how to use the fertilizers in plants
so as to minimize the harmful effects on environment as
well as to maximize the growth of plant. For this, the use

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natural fertilizers (such as : cow dung, vermicompost,
compost made by natural ingredients) should be
encouraged and the use of artificial fertilizers made in
factories should be discouraged . This would help in
conservation of Environment .This would also help in
increasing the soil fertility, which would in turn will
increase the speed of growth of plant.

Survey: A survey was done in a field. Half field

prepared with the help of natural fertilizers
(Vermicompost) and other half with the help of
Artificial Fertilizers (i.e: D.A.P & UREA). Wheat crop
was grown on both of them. They were given equal water
and other doses. After 8 Weeks the Observations were
made and the condition of Plants and Soil were
recorded.

 SOME PICTURES TAKEN WHILE

OBSERVATION-

 PICTURE OF 1ST WEAK

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 PICTURE OF 2ND WEAK

PICTURE OF LAST 3R WEAK

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 PICTURE OF 4TH WEAK

COMPARISION OF DIFFERENT HEIGHT

 FRIST 2 ARE FROM NATURAL FERTILIZER

 LAST TWO FROM CHEMICAL FERTILIZER

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Observations: On observing plants and soil for 8
weeks following observations were made:-
I. The growth of plants in Chemical Fertilizers
was faster than that of in Natural Fertilizers.
II. The Chemical fertilizers have harmful effects on
soil nature. It decreases the pH level of soil and
makes it acidic in Nature , which in turn
reduces soil fertility.
III. There are not much changes in colour of leaves
of Plant and Soil.
45

40

35

30

25
Natural Fertilizer
20 Chemical Fertilizer

15

10

0
1st week 2nd week 3rd week 4th week 5th week 6th week 7th week 8th week

 Graph of plant height

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 8
7
6
5
4 Natural Fertilizers
3 Chemical Fertilizers
2
1
0
4th week 8th week

 Graph of soil pH

Conclusion: From the above Observations it is

clear that Chemical Fertilizers have definitely
increased the growth of plant in one time but it also
acidify the soil when used in high amount. Due to this
acidification the soil loses its fertility which affects the
plants growth in next coming years. On the other
hand, Natural Fertilizers might be a little slow in
comparison to Chemical Fertilizers but they maintain
the soil fertility which increases the crop Production
and speed up the growth of Plant. Chemical fertilizer
also affects the ground water. It does not get
completely absorbed by plants and goes in rivers and
other water bodies and makes them toxic.

What should be done by farmers: Farmers

should minimize the use of Chemical fertilizers and
encourage the use of Bio-Fertilizers made naturally in
fields. Govt. of India has run NFSM scheme to
encourage Bio-Fertilizers. Farmers should take
advantages of such schemes and contribute in saving
the Environment.
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 Acknowledgement:
I would like to show my heartful gratitude to Mr.Vikas
Kumar Marothia (our Guide teacher) and Mr.
Ramawatar Burdak (Principal) for their tremendous
support and guidance for this project. The completion of
the project would not have been possible without their
help and insights.

Anil Kumar Meena

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 TITLE OF THE PROJECT
TO STUDY THE EFFECT OF NATURAL AND CHEMICAL
FERTILIZERS ON THE PLANTS AND ENVIRONMENT

LOG –BOOK

MADE BY : ANIL KUMAR MEENA

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