It was found that the intensity of these concerns changed throughout pregnancy

and the neonatal ( new born baby)period. Subjects who had expected the

pregnancy to occur tended to report less stress during the third trimester than

did teens who had not antic ipated conception. Elster, A. B., & Panzarine, S. (1983).

Teenage Fathers: Stresses During Gestation and Early Parenthood. Clinical Pediatrics, 22(10), 700–

703. 

-As predicted, women became more ambivalent across the transition if they

entered parenthood perceiving less spousal support and more spousal anger, with perceptions of

anger having stronger impact. Women who entered parenthood seeking less spousal support

and those whose husbands were higher in avoidance became more avoidant across the

transition. Men who perceived themselves as providing more prenatal support to their wives

became less avoidant. These results extend attachment theory and research in novel directions.

Jeffry A.Simpson W.Steven Rholes LorneCampbell Carol L.Wilson

a a b a
Journal of Experimental
Social Psychology
Volume 39, Issue 4, July 2003, Pages 317-331