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Present Status of Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy Sources

Poster · February 2011

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.1787.1445

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 RECENT TRENDS IN THEORETICAL
AND EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS
(NCRTTEP-2011)

Present Status of Renewable and

Non-Renewable Energy Sources:
Smita B. Joshi
Department of Physics, Sardar Patel University,
Vallabh Vidyanagar-388120

E-mail: sbjoshi1969@yahoo.co.in
 INTRODUCTION
Renewable Energy:
Energy generated from natural resources
e.g.
•Sunlight
•Wind
• Rain
•Tides
•Geothermal heat
ALSO
Sunshine, wind and water power are considered almost
limitless resources while fossil fuels are limited in their supply, and
their price will increase as they become scarcer .

Coal has negative impact on environment.

Mining can damage ground and surface waters .

Coal burns as the fuel it releases CO2 which is one of the main
greenhouse gas that causes global warming.
POTENTIAL OF RENEWABLE ENERGY IN INDIA :

• India is well situated for exploring renewable energy

resources. Being a tropical country, it receives solar
insolation of the order of 1650-2100 kw/m2/year for nearly
250-300 days.
• Daily solar energy incidence varies between 5-7 kwh/m2 in
different parts of country.
• The total solar energy received by India is 19 trillion kwh per
day which is about 2.2 million tons of coal to 1.5 million tons
of oil equivalent.
• There is average wind density of 35 kwh/ m2/ day at number
of places at India.
• India has an over 6000 km long coastline and so tremendous
prospects of harnessing energy from ocean too.[1]
Renewable Energy Consumption in the Nation's Energy Supply, 2008[2]
 Applications of Solar Energy :
• Solar energy is the energy derived from the sun through the form of solar
radiation.
• Solar cooking
• Day lighting
• Solar hot water systems
• Space heating and cooling
• Solar desalination
• High temperature process heat for industrial purposes.
• Solar technologies are broadly characterized as either passive solar or active
solar depending on the way they capture, convert and distribute solar energy.
• Active solar techniques include the use of photovoltaic panels and solar
thermal collectors to harness the energy.
• Passive solar techniques include orienting a building to the Sun, selecting
materials with favorable thermal mass or light dispersing properties, and
designing spaces that naturally circulate air.
 Potential of wind energy:
Top 10 wind power countries[3]
Total capacity Total capacity
Country
2009 (MW) 2010 (MW)
US 35,159 36,300
China 26,010 33,800
Germany 25,777 26,400
Spain 19,149 19,500
India 10, 925 12,100
Italy 4,850 5,300
France 4,521 5,000
UK 4,092 4,600
Portugal 3,535 3,800
Denmark 3,497 3,700
Rest of world 21,698 24,500
Total 159,213 175,000
 Potential for Bio power
• In the United States, we already get over 50
billion kilowatt-hours of electricity from biomass,
providing nearly 1.5 percent of our nation's total
electric sales.
• Biomass was the largest source of renewable
electricity in the U.S. until 2009, when it was
overtaken by wind energy.
• Bio power accounted for more than 35 percent
of total net renewable generation in 2009,
excluding conventional hydroelectric generation.
• Growth in wind power is tremendous, with
capacity more than doubling every three years.
• In 2009, global installed wind capacity reached
around 160 Giga watts, rising 40 GW on the
previous year,
• According to the World Wind Energy Association,
which estimates that by 2020 global capacity could
reach 1900 GW.[3]
• Since 2007, annual wind power additions in Europe
have exceeded growth of any other power source.
 Concluding Remarks:

• Solar energy could generate 2.5 percent of the

world's electricity by 2025.
• Solar energy will be more affordable in future with
new scientific researches that should decrease the
costs and increase the efficiency of the solar
energy.
• Solar energy's value must be recognized by
politicians in order to get more funds for further
research.
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

• The author thanks Prof. A.R.Jani for providing

guidance and technical assistance.
 REFERENCES

1. Dayal M Renewable Energy: Environment &

Development Komak Publishers Pvt Ltd, 1989
Energy Information Administration, Office of
Coal, Nuclear, Electric and Alternate Fuels
2. http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/alternate/page/r
enew_energy consump /figure1.html
3. Wald, Matthew L.”China’s Galloping Wind
Market, January 11, 2011

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