Important Questions

Chapter 2 – Linear Equations in One Variable

Question (1 – 10) 1 – Mark:

1. A _____ is a statement of equality of two algebraic expressions involving one or more

unknown quantities called variables.
Solution: Equation

2. An equation involving only linear polynomials is called a _________

Solution: Linear equation

ax + b p
3. If = then. q ( ax + b) = p ( cx + d ) This process is called _________
cx + d q
Solution: Cross multiplication

4. Any term of an equation may be taken to other side with a change in its sign. This process
is called ________.
Solution: Transposing

5. Any equation of the type ax + b = 0 where a ≠ 0 is called a _____ in variable x.

Solution: Linear equation

6. Any value of the variable which satisfies the equation is called ______ of equation.
Solution: Solution

7. We can add the _______ to both sides of equation.

Solution: Non zero same number

8. We can divide both sides of an equation by the same _____ number.

Solution: Non zero

9. x = 1 is the solution for 4(x + 5) = 24. Say true or false.

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Solution: True

10. Which of the following is not a linear equation in one variable?

(a) 3y + 2 = 0
(b) 3y – 4 = y
(c) p + 2q = 7
(d) 2(x – 3)+7 = 0
Solution:
Option (c) is not a linear equation because p + 2q = 7 has two variables p and q.

Question (11 – 14) 2 – Marks:

11. Solve 14x = 40 + 9x
Solution:
14x = 40 + 9x
14x – 9x = 40 (by transposing)
5x = 40
40
x=
5
X=8

4 7
12. Solve x+2=
6 3
4 7
Solution: x+2=
6 3
4 7
x = −2
6 3
2 7−6
x=
3 3
2 1
x=
3 3
1 3
x= 
3 2
1
x=
2
y +1 3
13. Solve for y and check the solution =
2y + 3 8

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 y +1 3
Solution: =
2y + 3 8
8 ( y + 1) = 3 ( 2 y + 3)
8y + 8 = 6y + 9
8y − 6y = 9 − 8
2y = 1
1
y=
2
Verification :
1
By substituting value of y =
2
1
+1
LHS = 2
1
2  + 3
2
3
= 2
1+ 3
3
3 1
= 2= 
4 2 4
3
=
8
= RHS
Hence verified

p +1 2 p + 3
14. Solve =
p −1 2 p − 5
Solution:
( p − 1)( 2 p + 3) = ( p + 1)( 2 p − 5)
p ( 2 p + 3 ) − 1( 2 p + 3 ) = p ( 2 p − 5 ) + 1 ( 2 p − 5 )
2 p2 + 3 p − 2 p − 3 = 2 p2 − 5 p + 2 p − 5
2 p2 + p − 3 = 2 p2 − 3 p − 5

2 p2 + p − 2 p2 + 3 p = −5 + 3
4 p = −2

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 2
p=−
4
1
p=−
2

Question (15 – 17) 3 – Marks:

2 1
15. x + x = x − 8 . Solve for x.
4 3
Solution:
2 1
x + x = x −8
4 3
2 1
x +  = x −8
 4 3
6 + 4
x = x −8
 12 
10 x
= x −8
12
5x
− x = −8
6
5 − 6
x = −8
 6 
 1
x  −  = −8
 6
x
=8
6
x = 8 6
x = 48

16. Two numbers are in ratio 10 : 16. If the sum of numbers is 572. Find the numbers.
Solution: Let the numbers be 10x, 16x
As per given,
10 x + 16 x = 572
26 x = 572
572 286
x= =
26 13
x = 22
Hence the numbers are

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10 x = 10  22 = 220
16 x = 16  22 = 352
Verification:
10x + 16x = 220 + 352 = 572
Hence the result is also verified.

17. The sum of three consecutive multiples of 3 is 867. Find the numbers.
Solution: Let the three consecutive numbers be x, x + 3, x + 6
By given,
x + x + 3 + x + 6 = 867
3x + 9 = 867
3x = 867 − 9
3x = 858
858
x=
3
x = 286

Question (18 – 22) 4 – Marks:

x + 6 x − 3 5x − 4
18. Solve for x : + =
4 5 8
Solution:
x + 6 x − 3 5x − 4
+ =
4 5 8
5 ( x + 6 ) + 4 ( x − 3) 5 x − 4
=
20 8
5 x + 30 + 4 x − 12 5 x − 4
=
20 8
9 x + 12 5 x − 4
=
20 8
8 ( 9 x + 12 ) = 20 ( 5x − 4 )
72 x + 96 = 100 x − 80
100 x − 72 x = 96 + 80
28x = 176
176 88
x= =
28 14
44
x=
7

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 3y + 5 2
19. Solve for y : =
2y +1 6
3y + 5 2
Solution: =
2y +1 6
6 ( 3 y + 5 ) = 2 ( 2 y + 1)
18 y + 30 = 4 y + 2
18 y − 4 y = 2 − 30
14 y = −28
28
y=−
14
y = −2

20. Ram’s father is 26 years younger than Ram’s grandfather and 29 years older than Ram.
The sum of the ages of all three is 135 years. What is the age of each one of them?
Solution: Let Ram’s present age be x years.
Ram’s father’s present age = ( x + 29) years

Ram’s grandfather’s age = ( x + 29 + 26) years

We know sum of all three ages is 135 years.

Hence x + ( x + 29) + ( x + 29 + 26) = 135

3x + 29 + 29 + 26 = 135
3x = 135 − 84 = 51
51
x=
3
x = 17
Hence Ram’s present age x = 17 years
Ram’s father’s present age = (x + 29)
= 17 + 29
=46 years
Ram’s grandfather’s age = (x + 29 + 16)
=46 + 26
=72 years

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21. The sum of digits of two digit number is 12. If 18 is added to it, the digits are reversed.
Find the number.
Solution:
Let the unit’s digit be x
As the sum of both digits is 12, the ten’s place is 12 – x
Therefore, the number = (12 − x ) 10 + x

By reversing the new number formed = x 10 + (12 − x )

As per given information

x  10 + (12 − x ) = (12 − x ) + x + 18
10 x + 12 − x = 120 − 10 x + x + 18
9 x + 12 = −9 x + 138
18 x = 126
x=7
Hence the original number is 57.

2
22. The breadth of a parallelogram is rd its length. If the perimeter is 150 metres. Find the
3
dimensions of the parallelogram.
Solution: Let x be the length
2 2
Breadth = of length = x
3 3
Perimeter of parallelogram = 150m
Perimeter = 2 (l + b)
 2 
150 = 2  x + x 
 3 
4
150 = 2 x + x
3
6 + 4
 3  x = 150

10
x = 150
3
150  3
x=
10
x = 45

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 2
Length = 45, breadth = =  45 = 30
3

Question (23 – 23) 5 – Marks:

23. The denominator of a fraction exceeds its numerator by 4. If the numerator and
4
denominator are both increased by 3, the new fraction becomes . Find the original fraction.
5
Solution:
Let the numerator of the original fraction is x.
Hence denominator = x + 4
x
Hence fraction =
x+4
Now, when both numerator and denominator are increased by 3
x+3 4
=
x+4+3 5
x+3 4
=
x+7 5
By Cross Multiplication, 5 ( x + 3) = 4 ( x + 7 )
5 x + 15 = 28 − 15
x = 13
x 13 13
Hence the original fraction = = = .
x + 4 13 + 4 17

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