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STD.BSI BS E N 2 4 5 - E N G L 1 7 7 8 Lb2Libb7 O b 7 2 5 7 2 2 7 b lss

BRITISH STANDARD BS EN
145 : 1998

Respiratory protective
devices -
Self-contained closed-circuit
breathing apparatus
I compressed oxygen or
compressed oxygen-nitrogen
type -
Requirements, testing ,
marking

The European Standard EN 145 : 1997 has the status of a

British Standard

ICs 13.340.30

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STD.BS1 B S E N 1 4 5 - E N G L 1 9 9 8 L b 2 4 b b 7 ü b 7 2 5 7 3 O22

BS EN 146 : 1998

National foreword
This British Standard is the English language version of EN 145 : 1997. It supersedes
BS 7170 : 1990 and BS EN 145-2: 1993,which are withdrawn.
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PW4,
Respiratory protection, which has the responsibilityto:

- aid enquirers to understand the te^,

- present to the responsible European committee any enquines on the
interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed
- monitor related international and European developments and promulgate
them in the UK.

A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to

its secretary.
Cross-references
The British Standards which implement international or European publications
referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the
section entitled ‘InternationaiS t a n ~ dCorrespondence
s Index’, or by using the
‘Find’facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.

Summary of pages
This document comprises a h n t cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page,
pages 2 to 26, an inside back cover and a back cover.

This British Standard, having

been prepared under the
diredion of the Heaith and Amd. No. Date Textaffected
Environment Sector Board, was
published under the authority of
the Standards Board and comes
into effect on
15 January 1998

0 BSI 1998

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 S T D - B S I BS E N 1 4 . 5 - E N G L 1778 Il b 2 4 b b 9 Ob725ïLi Tb9 E
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 145
NORM3 EUR0PEE”E
EUROP- NORM August 1997

ICs Supersedes EN 145 : 1988 and EN 145-2 : 1992

Descriptors: Personal protective equipment, accident prevention, respiratory protective equipment, compressed gas, oxygen, nitrogen,
designation, specifications,safety, tests, markjng

English version

Respitatmy protective devices - Self-contained closed.circut

breat3ung apparatus compressed oxygen or compressed
oxygen-nitrogen type - Requrrements, testing, markmg

Appareils de protection respiratoire -Appareils de Atemchutzgeriiîe - Regenerationsgerate mit

prokction respiratoire isoiants autonomes à circuit hcksauerstoff oder D r u c k k s b f f -
fermé, du type à oxygène comprimé ou à Anforderungen, prufung, Kennzeichnung
oxygèneamte comprimé - Ekigences, essais,
marquage

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1997-04-03. CEN members are
bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Intend Reguhons which stipulate the
conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard
without any aiteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliogmphical references concerning such national standards
may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German).
A version in any other language made by transiaiion under the responsibility of a
CEN member into its own language and notified to the Centsal Secretariat has the
same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norwax Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and
United Kingdom.

European Committee for Standardization

Comité Européen de Normalisation
Europäisches Komitee fur Normung

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36,B-1060 Brussels

O 1997 CEN - Ali rights of exploitaîion in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national
Members.
Ref. No. EN 145 : 1997 E

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S T D D B S I BS E N 1 4 5 - E N G L 1978 W 1 b 2 4 b b 9 Ob72595 9 T 5 1[1

Page 2
EN 145 : 1997

Foreword
This European Standard has been prepared by
Technical Committee CENR%79, Respiratory
protective devices, the secretariat of which is held by
DIN.
This European Standard supersedes EN 145 : 1988 and
EN 1452 : 1992.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a
national standard,either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the iatest by February 1998,
and conflicting national standaràs shall be withdrawn
at the latest by February 1998.
The significant technical differences between this
European Standard and the previous European
Standards are:
- speciñcations for positive pressure devices;
- specificationsfor oxygen - nitrogen devices.
For relationship with EU Directive, see informative
annex ZA, which is an integrai part of this standard
According to the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations,
the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European
standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Finland, France, Germany,Greece, Iceland, Ireland,
Ita& Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugai,
Spain, Sweden,Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

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STD.BS1 BS E N 1 4 . 5 - E N G L 1998
Introduction
A given respiratory protective device can only be
approved when the individual components satisfy the
requirements of the test specification which may be a
complete standard or Part of a standard and practical
performance tests have been carried out on complete
apparatus where specified in the appropriate standard.
If for any reason a complete apparatus is not tested
then simulation of the apparatus is permitted provided
the respiratory characteristics and mass distribution
are similar to those of the complete apparatus.
1 scope
This European Standard specifies minimum
requirements for selfcontained closedcircuit breathing
apparatus, compressed oxygen (OZ) and compressed
oxygen-nitrogen(OZ- N2) types, used as respiratory
protective devices, except escape apparatus and divjng
WP-.
Laboratory and practicaì performance tests are
included for the assessment of compliance with the
requirements.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or
undated reference, provisions from other publications.
These nonnative references are cited at the
appropriate places in the text and the publications are
listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent
amendments to or revisions of any of these
publications apply to this European Standard only
when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For
undated references the latest edition of the publication
referred to applies.
EN 132 : 1990 Respiratory protective dankes -
Definitions
EN 134: 1990 Respiratory protective devices -
Nomenclature of components
EN 136 : 1997 Respiratory protective devices -
FUU face masks - ñequirements,
testing, nmrking
EN 142 : 1989 Respiratory protective devices-
Mouthpiece assemblies -
Requimmmts, testing, marking
EN 144-1: 1991 Respiratory protective clevices -
Gas cylinder valves - Thread
connection for ins& connector
EN 1481: 1987 Respiratory protective devices-
Threads for facepieces - Standard
thread connection
EN 1482 : 1987 Respiratory protective deuices-
Threadsfor fiepieces - Centre
thread connection
EN 1483 : 1992 Respiratory protective dezuices -
l7weaù-sf o r facepieces - Thread
connection M 4 5 x 3
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Page 3
EN 145 : 1997
EN 50014 : 1992 Ekctricaì apparatus for potentially
explosive atmmpheres - Gaeml
requi?ments
EN 50020 : 1994 Electrical apparatus for potentiuüy
explosive atmospheres - Intrinsic
safety ‘i’
3 Definition and description
For the purpose of this European Standard the
definitions given in EN 132 : 1990 and the
nomenclature given in EN 134 : 1990 apply together
with the following description:
Self-contained closedcircuit breathing apparatus,
compressed oxygen or compressed oxygen-nitrogen
type,designed and constructed so that exhaled
breathing gas is ducted from the facepiece into a
circuit which contains a carbon dioxide absorption
cartridge and a breathing bag where it is available for
rebreathing. The carbon dioxide absorption cartridge
contains chemicais which absorb exhaled carbon
dioxide. Oxygen or oxygen-nitrogen are fed into the
apparatus at a suitable point by means of a constant
injected flow or by a lung governed flow or by a
suitable combination of both. The gas flow may be of
the pendulum or loop type and excess gas is ejected
via a relief vaive.
4 Designation
Designation of a Self-contained closed4rcuit
compressed oxygen or compressed oxygen-nitrogen
breathuig apparatus meeting the repuirements of this
European Standark
Sekontained closed-circuit breathing apparatus
EN 145/type/class
e.g. Self-contained closed-circuit breathing apparatus
EN 145/02-N2/2N.
5 Classification
The apparatus are classified according to the nominal
working duration. See table 1.
6 Requirements
6.1 Design
The apparatus should be of simple and reliable
construction and as compact as possible. The design of
the apparatus shall be such as to allow its inspection
for reliable and safe operation.
The apparatus shall be sufficiently robust to withstand
the rough usage it is likely to receive in service and
designed so that it will continue to function
satisfactorily while, temporarily, accidentally
submerged in water in a normal wearing position
(upright) and, thereafter, until the gas in the cylinder is
exhausted
WARNING.The apparatus is not designed for use
under water.
 S T D - B S I BS EN 1 4 5 - E N G L 1798 1b24bb9 üb72597 778 D
Page 4
EN 145 : 1997

Class of apparatus Nominai working Minute volume

duration
Negative pressure Positive pressure h Cycledmin Vstroke Vmin
1N 1P 1 25 2,o 50,O
2N 2P 2 20 2,o 40,O
4N 4P 4 20 175 30,O
The apparatus shaü be designed so that there are no
parts or sharp edges iikeiy to be caught on projections
in m o w passages.
The apparatus shall be designed so that the wearer can
remove it, an4 while still wearing the facepiece,
continue to breathe from the apparatus.
The apparatus shall be designed to ensure its full
function in any orientation.
The main valve of the gas cylinder(s) shall be arranged
so that the wearer can operate it while wearing the
apparatus-
Ali inàividmi components of the apparatus, except the
breathing hoses and the pressure gauge tube with
pressure gauge shall be provided with a protective
cover to provide protection against external damage.
The gas cylinder valve shall be protected against
damage from e x t e d elements. The protective cover
shall not be able to open accidentally whilst the
apparatus is in use.
The apparatus shail be so designed and constructed as
to prevent ingress of the external atmosphere w i h Class of apparatus Maximum mass of
the iimits set out in this European Stanàard apparatus
The apparatus shaü be so designed that chemicals of Negative pressure Positive pressure kg
the apparatus, saliva or condensate shall not interfere
with the function of the apparatus or cause any 1N 1P 12
harmful effect to the wearer. 2N 2P 16
Parts which are designed for training apparatus shall 4N 4P 16
not be interchangeable with the working apparatus and
shail be cleariy marked accordingly or manufadared in 6.6 Connectors
such a way that they cannot be inadvertently fitted to a
working apparatus. 6.6.1 General
Testuig shall be done in accordance with 7.2 and 7.3. Components of the apparatus shaü be readily
separated for cleaning, examining and tesimg.
6.2 Material
All demountable connections shall be readily
Ail materials used in the construction shall have conneded and secured, where possible by hand
adequaî~mechanid &mgth, durability and resistance Any means of sealing used shall be retained in position
to deterioration, e.g. by innuence of heat andor when the joints and coupluigs are disconnected during
moisture. nonnai maintenance.
Exposed parts of the apparatus, excluding facepiece Testing shaii be done in accordance with 7.2 and 7.3.
and breathing hoses, shall have a surface resistance of
less than lo9 R. 6.6.2 Coupiìngs
Exposed parts of the apparatus, Le. those which may The apparatus shall be constructed so that any twisting
be subjected to impact during use, shall not be made of the breathing hoses does not affect the fit or
of magnesium, titanium, aiumjnium or alloys containing p e r f o m c e of the apparatus, or cause the breathing
such proportions of these metals as will, on impact, hoses to become disconnected.
give rise to frictional sparks capable of igniting The design of the coupling shall be such as to prevent
flammable gas mixtums. unintentionai interruption of gas flow.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.2 and 7.3.

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S T D - B S I B S E N 1 4 5 - E N G L L778 W Lb2qbbS ü b 7 2 5 7 8 b 0 4 W
6.6.3 Strength of breathing hose connections
The connections of the breathing hoses between
apparatus and equipment connector shall withstand
axiaily a tensile force of 250 N for 10 s.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.10.
6.6.4 Connection between apparatus and
facepiece
The connection between the facepiece and the
remainder of the apparatus may be achieved by a
permanent or special type of connection or by a thread
type connection.
The apparatus shall not have threads defined in
EN 1481: 1987 and EN 148-3 : 1992 or any thread type
which can be connected to such threads.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.2 and 7.3.
if a centre threaà connection is used, then the
couplingelbow BA according to clause 3.1 of
EN 1482 : 1987 shall be used.
6.6 Body harness
The body harness shall be designed to allow the user
to don and to doff the apparatus quickly and easily
without assistance and shall be austable. Ail
ad,pting devices shall be so consímcted that once
@usted they will not slip inaàvertentJy
The body harness shall be constructed such that when
tested in practical performance tests the apparatus
shall be worn without avoidable discomfort, the wearer
shall show no undue sign of strain attributable to
wearing the apparatus, and that the apparatus shall
impede the wearer as little as possible when in a
crouched position or when working in a confined
space.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.2 and 7.3.
The material of the straps and buckles shall be flame
resistant, i.e. considered as such if it does not burn or
does not continue to burn for more than 5 s after
removal from the test fiame.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.11.
The harness shall be considered to be satisfactory if
during the practical performance test it does not slip
and continues to hold the apparatus securely to the
wearer's body throughout the duration of the test.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3.
6.7 Inhalation valves and exhalation valves
Valve assemblies shall be such that they can be readily
maintained and cannot be incorrectly replaced.
Inhalation and exhalation valve assemblies,
subassemblies and piece parts that are by the
manufacturexs design identical, are acceptable.
Differently designed inhalation valves and exhalation
valves are acceptable if an unambiguous description is
given in the information supplied by the manufacturer.
The information in the information supplied by the
manufacturer should be supported by illustrations
(photographs, drawings) on how to assemble the unit
correctly
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EN 145 : 1997
lb enable correct assembly, the parts have to be
unambiguously described or marked
Means to check the correct assembly shall be
described in the manufacturer's information.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.2.
6.8 Relief valve
6.8.1 General
The apparatus shall be provided with a reiief valve
operated automatically by pressure in the breathing
circuit The valve shall operate correctiy in ali
orientations and shall be protected against dirt and
mechanical damage.
Means shall be provided for sealing the relief valve to
permit leak t e s h g of the apparatus.
if the relief valve is positioned in the breathing circuit
before the absorption cartsidge and is activated there,
then the pressure difference between the relief Valve
and the entry of the breathing bag dudi be in no case
greater than the minimum opening pressure of the
relief valve.
Apparatus shall have a reiief valve which consists of
two single consecutive valves or any other means
which aiiow the requirements of this European
Standard to be achieved.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.2.
6.8.2 Negative pressure apparatus
The opening pressure of the moist relief valve
measured at a constant flow of 1,0 Vmin shall be
between 1,5 and 4,O mbar in any Orientation of the
valve.
The resistance of the relief valve shall not exceed
5 mbar in any orientation of the valve when tested
a) at 50 Umin continuous flow for sets with a
continuous gas flow rate greater than 2 iím,
b) at 30 iímin continuous flow for sets with a
continuous gas flow rate of less than 2 h in.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.12.
6.8.3 Positive pressure appamtus
The opening pressure of the moist relief valve
measured at a constant flow of 1,0 iímin shall not
exceed 10 mbar.
The resistance of the relief valve shall not exceed
11mbar when tested
a) at 50 Vmin continuous flow for sets with a
continuous gas flow rate greater than 2 iímin,
b) at 30 Ymin continuous flow for sets with a
continuous gas flow rate of less than 2 hin.
lèsting shall be done in accordance with 7.12.
6.8.4 Leaktightness of reli@ valve
The relief valve shaU withstand an outside pressure of
10 mbar operating against the opening direction of the
valve without exceeding a maximum pressure drop of
lmbarin lmin.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.17.
 Page 6
EN 146 :1997
6.9 Breathing bag
6.9.1 General
The breathing bag shall be made of strong flexible
materiai and shall be protected against compression by
external forces.
The breathing bag shall be reliably and tightly joined to
the connection. The connector at the inhalation side
shall be shaped in such a way that its opening cannot
be closed by the bag itself.
6.9.2 Volume
The effective volume of the breathing bag shall be at
least 5 L It shaü be measured between 7,5 mbar
and -5 mbar relative to atmospheric pressure.
NOTE. For apparatus using a constant flow supply it may be
necessary to increase the volume of the breathing bag.
'ksting shall be done in accordance with 7.2 and 7.13. 6.11.3.2 Function of Ute appamtus
6.10 Practical performance
In addition to the machine tests described, the
apparaíus shall also undergo practical performance
tests under reahtic conditions. These practical
performance tests serve the purpose to check the
apparatus for imperfections that cannot be determined
by the tests described elsewhere in this European
standard.
At the time when the apparatus is rejected by the
wearer or when the inhaMion breathing resistance
reaches 35 mbar, the level of oxygen in the inhalation
air shall be at least 21 % (by volume) and the levei of
C@ shall not exceed 3 % (by volume).
Where, in the opinion of the testing authority, approval from
is not granted because practicai perîormance tests
show the apparatus has imperfections related to the
wearer's acceptance, the testing authority shall
describe the tests which revealed these imperfections.
This will enable other test houses to duplicate the tests lung governed demand vaive (i connected to the
and assess the results thereof.
'&sting shail be done in accordance with 7.3.
6.11 Resistance to temperature, flammability
and resistance to radiant heat
6.11.1 Resistance to temperature
'huble free operation shall be ensured after storage at remain leaktight after a test period of 20 min, although
tempemiares ranging from -30 "C to 60 "C.
lksting shall be done in accordance
with 7.4.1.1,7.4.1.2,7.4.2.1 and 7.4.2.2.
6.11.2 Per$orma.nce
6.11.2.1 P e t . $ ì m e at -6 OC to 30 "C
The apparatus shail operate trouble free over the
ternperatwe range -6 "Cto 30 "C.
Testing shali be done in accordance with 7.4.1.2
and 7.4.2.2.
6.11.2.2 Lírw t e r n w w M i m ( Ö p t M ]
Where the apparatus is designed for low temperatures
below -6 "C it shall operate trouble five.
Testuig shall be done in accordance with 7.4.1.3
and 7.4.2.3.
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6.11.3 Conditioning of the apparatus
6.11.3.1 Facepiece connector
Subsequent to conditioning in accordance with 7.14
and returning to temperature of (20 f 3) "C all
connections between apparatus and facepiece shall be
checked.
Where the centx-ethread is used it shall be checked
with thread pitch gauges. After testing, the facepiece
connector shall remain dimensionally accurate to
gauge.
For all facepiece connectors a pull test in accordance
with 7.12.4 of EN 136 : 1997 shall be applied. No
separation shall occur.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.2.
Subsequent to conditioning in accordance with 7.14
and returning to ambient temperature the apparatus
shall meet the requirements of 6.28 at a minute volume
of 50 Vmin. The m&riaJs used shall not show any
deterioration, e.g. deformations, cracks or corrosion.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.2 and 7.8.
6.11.4 Flammabilitg
The breathing hoses leading to the facepiece, the
facepiece connector and the lung governed demand
valve (if connected to the facepiece) shall be
'self-extingukhing', ie. the material shall not be of a
highly flammable nature and the parts shall not ignite
or continue to burn for more than 5 s after removal
the test fiame.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.16.
6.11.6 Resistance to radiant heat
The breathing hoses, the facepiece connector and the
facepiece) shall be tested for resistance to radiant heat
using the test methods described in 8.6 of
EN 136 : 1997.
The apparatus is considered to be resistant to radiant
heat in accordance with this European Standard if it
continues to function correctly and the components
the components may be deformed.
6.12 Strength of high and medium pressure
Pa*
Metaüic high pressure tubes, valves and connections
shall be capable of withstan- a test pressure of 50 %
above the maximum filling pressure of the cylinder@).
Non-metallic high pressure parts shall be Capable of
withstandjng a test pressure of twice the maximum
ñüing pressure.
All medium pressure tubes downstream of the pressure
reducer shall be capable of withstanding twice their
maximum attainable working pressure for at least
15 min.
!&sting &ali be done in accordance with 7.2.
O BSI 1998
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6.13 Interchangeability of high, medium and low
pressure connections
High, medium and low pressure connections shall not
be interchangeable.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.2.
6.14 Cylinders
Only cylinders of q u a i maximum filling pressure shall
be connected to an apparatus with more than one
cylinder.
Compressed gas cylinders shall comply with national
requirements. The cylinder shail be approved with
respect to the appropriate filling pressure.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.2.
6.16 Cylinder valve
There shall be only one valve to control the total gas
stored.
The valve shall be so designed that the valve spindle
cannot be completely unscrewed h m the assembly
during normal operation of the valve.
The valve shall be designed so that it cannot be closed
inadvertently by contact with a surface by one of the
following methods:
a) the valve shall be designed so that a minimum of
two turns of the handwheel are required to fully
open the valve; or
b) the valve shaìi be lockable in the open position.
The connection between the cylinder and the cylinder
valve shall be achieved by a connection defined in
EN 144-1 : 1991.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.2.
6.16 Cylinder valve outlet
It shall not be possible to connect cylinders with a
higher maximum filling pressure (e.g. 300 bar) to an
apparatus which is designed only for a lower
maximum filling pressure (e.g. 200 bar).
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.2.
6.17 Pressure reducer
Any Gustable medium pressure stage shall be reiiably
secured agajnst accidental alteration and adequately
sealed, so that any unauthorized aqjustment can be
detected.
The pressure reducer shall niaintain a medium
pressure of f10 % of the manufacturer’s design
pressure at ail cylinder pressures above 20 bar.
Where component parts of the apparatus downstream
of the pressure reducer are not capable of
withstanding the full cylinder pressure, a pressure
reducer safety valve shail be provided
The pressure reducer safety valve shall be designed to
pass an air flow of at least 100Vmin at a medium
pressure not exceeding 30 bar. With the pressure
reducer safety valve activated, the inhalation and
exhalation breathing resistance shail not exceed
25 mbar.
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EN 145 : 1997
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.16.
Where a pressure reducer safety valve is not provided,
the breathing resistance requirements given above shall
be met at a simulated air flow of 100 l/min.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.16.
6.18 Pressure indicator
The apparatus shall be equipped with a reliable
pressure indicator, which will indicate the pressure in
the cylinder(s) on opening the valve.
The pressure indicator shall be placed to enable the
pressure to be read conveniently by the wearer.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.2.
The pressure indicator tube ( i fitted) or any other
means of conveying the pressure reading to the
pressure indicator shall be sufficiently robust to
withstand rough usage. Where the pressure indicator
tube (if fitted) is protected by a cover the enclosed
space shall be vented to the atmosphere.
The pressure indicator shall be resistant to dust and
water and shall withstand immersion in water at a
depth of 1m for 24 h. After the test, no water shall be
visible in the device.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.2 and 7.3.
The pressure indicator shall be graàuated from the
zero mark up to a value of at least 50 bar above the
maximum filling pressure of the cylinder.
The following tolerances shall apply regarding the
accuracy when reading at decreasing pressure when
compared with a test gauge:
at
40 bar Obar
- 5 b ~
100 bar 10 bar
200bar f lobar
300 bar f 10 bar
When a pressure gauge is used the maxjmum diameter
of the case should not exceed 63 m.
The design of the pressure indicator shall allow the
reading of the indicated pressure to within 10 bar.
When a pressure gauge connecting tube (if fitted) is
severed at a point aqjacent to the high pressure source
the resulting flow shall not exceed 25 Mi at 200 bar.
If the means for restricting the flow are fitted in the
connector of the pressure gauge tube, it shall not be
possible to fit the pressure gauge tube in reverse order.
The pressure gauge (if fitted) shall be provided with a
blow out release which protects the wearer against
injuries.
If a pressure gauge is used the gauge window shall be
made of material being non-splintering when broken.
The apparatus shail be provided with a device for
shut-off of the pressure gauge tube (if fitted), which
can be manipulated by the wearer (apparatus donned)
if required It shall be possible to lock this device in
the opened position.
 Page 8
EN 146 : 1997
There shall be an indication that the pressure gauge
shall be used for oxygen only.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.2 and 7.3.
If the pressure indicator is equipped with an electrical
energy source it shall comply with the class
EEx ia IIC T4, or for mining industry EEx ia I, in
accordance with EN 50014 and EN 50020 respectively
%stingshall be done in accordance with 7.1.
6.19 Warning device
6.19.1 General
warning devices which operate elecíxically shall
comply with the class EEx ia IiC T4, or for mining
i n d m EEx ia I, in accordance with EN 50014 and
EN 50020 respectively
6.19.2 Warning device
The apparatus shall be so designed that the wearer is
warned immediately if the main valve is closed or if
the cylinder fitted is empty
If the warning device is controlled by gas pressure the
wearer shall be warned immediately when any leakage
in excess of 0,4 I/min occurs in the parts of the
warning device containing the gas.
There shall not be any loss of gas due to the operation
of the warning system.
6.19.3 Warning devices for low cylinder pressure
(optional)
if the apparatus is equipped with an indication for low
cylinder pressure the wearer shall be warned, when
the cyiinder pressure has derreased to (55 f 5) bar, The
warning signai shaii continue until the breathing gas is
used up.
There shall not be any loss of gas due to the operation
of the warning system.
‘I\3sting shall be done in accordance with 7.3 and 7.6.
6.20 Flexible hoses
The breathing hoses shaii be flexible and non-kjnking.
The breathing hoses shaii permit free head movement
and shall not restrict or close-off the gas supply under
chin or ann pressure during pracücal p e r f o m c e
tests.
‘Ikshng shall be done in accordance with 7.3.
The permanent deformation of the breathing hoses
shall be no more than 10 %.
‘&sting shaü be done in accordance with 7.6.
6.21 Gas supply
6.21.1 General
The apparatus shall have a device which permits an
adequate flow of gas into the breathing circuit. This
device can be of the constant flow type,of the lung
governed type,or can include the constant flow and
the lung governed type (combined type).
men-nitrogen breathing apparatus shaii not be of
the lung governed type om.
lèsting shaii be done in accordance with 7.2.
COPYRIGHT British Standards Institute on ERC Specs and Standards
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6.21.2 Constant jlow
In apparatus using a constant flow only, the flow of
oxygen shall be not less than 4 Vmin down to 5 % of
the maximum filling pressure of the cylinder(s).
Down to 10bar the constant flow shall not exceed
110 % of the value given by the manufaÆturex
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.7.
6.21.3 Lung governedjlow
6.21.3.1 Negative pressure apparatus
The opening pressure of the lung governed supply
mechanism measured at a constant flow of 10 Ymin
shall not exceed 3,5 mbar.
When a negative pressure not exceeding 5 mbar is
applied, the gas flow rate shall be at least 80 iímin at
all cylinder pressures above 10 bar.
‘&sting shall be done in accordance with 7.7.
6.21.3.2 Positive pressure apparatus
At a constant flow of 10 Vmin the opening pressure for
the lung governed supply mechanism shall not be
negative (2O mbar).
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.7.
6.21.4 Combined type apparatus
Combined type apparatus shall maintain a constant
flow of at least 1,2 iímin of oygen until the pressure
falls in 10bar.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.7.
6.22 Scavenging device
Apparatus operaimg with a lung governed supply only
or a combined type with a constant flow below
1,2l/min shall have a device to allow sufficient
breathing gas to be removed from the circuit to the
outside to fulfil the requirement given in 6.28.4.
lèsting shall be done in accordance with 7.2 and 7.3.
6.23 Pre-flushing system
Apparatus operating with a lung governed supply only
shall be equipped with a device which at the beginning
of breathing or at opening of the cylinder vaive
automatically feeds5 to 101 of gas into the breathing
circuit.
lèsting shall be done in accordance with 7.2 and 7.7.
6.24 Supplementary supply valve
Apparatus equipped with a pressure reducer and/or
lung governed vaive shall be provideà with a man-
operated supplementary suppiy vaive of self-closing
type, whereby the wearer can obtain a supply of gas
whilst wearing the apparatus. The flow rate shall be at
least 80 I/min at all cylinder pressures above 50 bar
independently of the pressure reducer or lung
governed valve. Below 50 bar flow rates shall be at
least 8/5 P (hin), where P is the cylinder pressure in
bar.
The supplementary supply vaive shail be designed so
that it cannot be operated inadve&ntly If the vaive is
a push-button device, the operating force shall be 20
to 40 N.
‘&sting shall be done in accordance with 7.2,7.3
and 7.7.
O BSI 1998
 S T D - B S I B S E N 1 4 5 - E N G L 1 9 9 8 M L b 2 4 b b 7 Ob72bOZ 7 b 5 W
6.26 Adjustable parts
AU parts requiring manipulation by the wearer shall be
readily accessible and easily distinguishable from one
another by touch. AU Nustable parts and controls
shail be constructed so that their a&mbnent is not
liable to accidental alteration during use.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.2.
6.26 Facepiece
Only a full face mask meeting the requirements of
EN 136 : 1997 or a mouthpiece assembly meeting the
requirements of EN 142 : 1989 shall be used.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.2 and 7.3.
6.27 Leaktightness
The apparatus shall be so designed and constructed as
to prevent ingress of external atmosphere within the
h is set out in this European Standard. The
t Testing shail be done in accordance with 7.3,7.4
assembled apparatus shall be designed and constructed
so that it can be tested for leaktightness
At a positive pressure and a negative pressure
of 7,5 mbar, with the relief valve blanked off, the
pressure change shall not exceed 0,3 mbar in 1 min.
When the relief Valve is unbhked, the pressure
change shail not exceed 0,8mbar in 1 min at a negative
pressure of 7,5 mbar.
The assembled apparatus shall be designed and
constructed so that it can be tested for leak-tightness
* by total immersion in water.
Cn
* 'Iksûng shall be done in accordance with 7.7.
6.28 Physiological data
6.28.1 General
The 2 h apparatus shall also fullil the requirements of
the 1h apparatus. The 4 h apparatus shall also fulfil the
requirements of the 1h and 2 h apparatus, when tested
independently
6.28.2 Nominal working duration
During a test on the breathing machine the apparatus
shall fulfil a duration specified for its class in table 1.
During the nominal working duration the requirements
in accordance with 6.28.3,6.28.4,6.28.6 and 6.28.6
shall be met.
'Esthg shail be done in accordance with 7.8.
1 Table 3. Breathing resistance
Minute volume Test time Measured values
hin min mbar
Negative pressure apparatus
50 (25 cycledmin, 2,O Vstroke) 60 -5to 7
75 (30 cycledmin, 2,5 Vstroke) 5 -1otQ 10
O BSI 1998
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Page 9
EN 145 : 1997
6.28.3 Breathirsg resistance
The apparatus shall meet the requirements given in
table 3.
During the machine test at 100 Ihnin (40 cycleshnin,
2,5 Vstsoke) the apparatus shall function satisfactorily.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3,7.4
and 7.8.1.
6.28.4 Oxugen content
For all tests, the oxygen content of the inhaled gas
shall not be below 21 % (by volume).
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3,7.4
and 7.8.2.
6.28.6 Temperature and humidity
The temperature of the inhaled gas independent of
humidity shail not exceed 45 OC.
and 7.8.2.
6.28.6 Carbon d2oxide content
6.28.6.1 Carbon dioxide content at minute volume of
50 Vmin
The carbon dioxide content of the inhaled gas shall not
exceed 1% (by volume) when tested in accordance
with 7.8.2 and table 5.
Including a mouthpiece assembly or a full face mask,
the carbon dioxide content shall not exceed 1,6 % (by
volume).
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.8.2.
6.28.6.2 Carbon dioxide content at empty cylinder
When the cylinder is empty, e.g. the inhalation
resistance has reached 35 mbar, the carbon dioxide
content of the inhaled gas shall not exceed 3 % (by
volume) when tested in accordance with 7.8.2 and
table 6.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3,7.4
and 7.8.2.
6.28.6.3 Carbon dioxide content in functioning
apparatus
The carbon dioxide content of the inhaled gas of the
apparatus ready for use shall not exceed 2 % (by
volume) during nominai working duration when tested
in accordance with 7.8.2 and table 6.
Testing shail be done in accordance with 7.3,7.4
andi 7.8.2.
I Positive pressure apparatus
Oto7
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EN 145 : 1997
7nsting
7.1 General
If no special measuring devices or measuring methods
are specified, commonly used methods and devices
shall be applied
7.2 Visual inspection
Visual inspection shall be carried out where
appropriate by the test house prior to laboratory or
practical performance tests. The visual inspection shail
include marking and the information supplied by the
manufacturer.
7.3 Practical performance
Practicalperformance tests shail be performed with at
least 2 apparatus and 4 test subjects.
7.3.1 !&st subjects
The closedcircuit breathllig apparatus shali be worn
by test subjece practisii regularly with breathing
apparatus and their medical history known to be
satisfactory, They shali be medically examined and
certified ñt to undertake the test procedures.
7.3.2 Apparatus to be tested
For practical performance tests,only apparatus which
have passed the laboratory tests shall be used.
7.3.3 Preparation of apparatus to be tested
Before startmg each test,the apparatus shail be
checked for leaktightnes and function. The cylinder
pressure at the start of the test shall correspond to the
maximumnIlingpressure.
7.3.4 Procedure
The apparatus shaü be tested under conditions which
can be expected during n o d use. During this test,
the foliowing activities shall be carried out in
simulation of the pracücal use of the apparatus.
The sequence of activities and the construction of the
test periods is at the discretion of the test authority.
The individual activities shall be arranged so that
sufncient time is left for the measurements prescribed.
a) 30 stmkes on a work machine, each stroke being
vertical from 1,8m towards the ground on a m a s of
25 kg, giving a total work load of 13500 Nsm.
b) Waking on the level with full headroom (total
distance: 125m).
c) Waiking on the level with headroom of
(1,3 f 0,2) m (total distance: 200 m).
Class Test period
Negative pressure Positive pressure Number
apparatus apparatus
1N 1P 3 20
2N 2P 5 24
4N 4P 8 30
COPYRIGHT British Standards Institute on ERC Specs and Standards
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d) Crawling on the level with headroom of
(0,70 f 0,05) m (total distance: 100 m).
e) Climbing up and down a ladder, passing once, in
both directions through a 460 mm square opening
(total vertical distance: 20 m).
f ) Crawling through a narrow section (4 m long)
which is so low that the test subject has to doff the
apparatus and push it in front of him or pull it
behind him while stül b r e w from the apparatus.
g) Laying out of a ííre hose of at least 15m in length
and recoiling the same.
This test shali be continuous without removal of the
apparatus and shall be conducted in ambient
temperature conditions of 20 to 23 "C and 50 to 70 %
relative humidiw.
The duration and number of test periods for each class
of apparatus is given in table 4.
7.4 Resistance to temperature
7.4.1 Laboratory tests with a breathing machine
7.4.1.1 Storage at -30 "Cand 60 "C
The apparatus, including compressed gas cylinder(s)
but without facepiece, shall be stored in a chamber at
a temperature of (-30 f 3) "C for 15 to 20 h.
Subsequently,the apparatus, without facepiece, shail be
stored at a temperature of (60f 3) "C and a relative
humidity of not more than 50 % for another 15 to 20 h.
The apparatus shall then be allowed to cool down to a
temperature of (30 f 1) "C and stored for 15 h to 20 h
at this temperature.
Subsequently,the apparatus shall be tested in
accordance with 7.8.2 with a minute volume of
50 Ihnin at an ambient temperature of (30 f 1) "C. The
facepiece and the breathing machine shall be placed
outside the temperature controlled chamber.
7.4.1.2 Stowe at -6 "C
The apparatus, including compressed gas cylinder@)
but without facepiece, shaìl be stored for 15h to 20 h
at a temperature of (-6 f 2) "C.
Subsequently,the apparatus shall be tested in
accordance with 7.8.2 with a minute volume of
50 Vmin at an ambient temperature of (-6 f 2) "C.The
facepiece and the breathing machine shall be placed
outside the temperature controlled chamber.
Total testing time
Duration
h
1
2
4
O BSI 1998
 S T D - B S I B S E N LLiS-ENGL 1 9 9 8
7.4.1.3 S t o w e at -30 "C (only for apparatus which
are s p h f k a ü y designed for low temperatures)
The apparatus, including compressed gas cylinder(s)
but without facepiece, shall be stored for 2 h at a
temperature of (-30 f 3) "C.
Subsequently,the apparatus shall be dowed to warm
up to ( - 1 5 I 3 ) " C and stored for 15 to 20h at this
temperature.
The apparatus shaii then be tested in accordance
with 7.8.2 with a minute volume of 50 Vmin at an
ambient temperature of (- 15 3) "C. The facepiece
and the breathing machine shall be placed outside the
temperature controiied chamber.
7.4.2 Practical petformance tests
7.4.2.1 With apparatus at rom kmperature
7.4.2.1.1 Preparation
The apparatus shall be cleaned and disinfected as
recommended by the manufactureK
W o apparatus shall be prepared ready for use and
conditioned at mom temperature of (23 2) "C for not 7.6 Flexible hoses
less than 2 h but not more than 3 h.
7.4.2.1.2 Procedure
W o warmly clothed subjects shall don the apparatus
at room temperature (approximately 23 "C) and enter a
cold chamber at (-6 f 2) "C. The test shaü be
continuous, without removal of the apparatus, for a
period of 30 min. The work shall be divided into 5 min The permanent axial linear deformation (b - a) shall
periods repeated as necessary spent
a) walking and crawling slowlx
b) canying and building wooden blocks or the like;
c) draggmg on the level a metaiìic block of 50 kg
(2 X 25 kg) mass with a rope.
At the end of the test each apparatus shall be
examined for malfunction due to the low temperature. induced by an injector device or a blower.
7.4.2.2 With apparatus at temperature of -6 "C
7.4.2.2.1 Pmpamtion
The apparatus shall be cleaned and disinfected as
recommended by the manufacturer.
W o apparatus, as ready for use, shall then be
precooled at a temperature of (- 6 k 2) "C for not less
than 2 h but not more than 3 h.
7.4.2.2.2 Froceclure
Two warmly clothed subjects shall don the apparatus
in a cold chamber and perform work at an ambient
*
temperature of (-6 2) OC. A similar test programme
to that described in 7.4.2.1.2 shall be carried out for a
period of 30 min.
At the end of the test each apparatus shaii be
examined for malfunction due to the low temperature. then its flow shall be directed into the breathing
7.4.2.3 With apparatus at a temperature of -30 "C
(only for apparatus which are specifically designed
for low temperatures)
O BSI 1998
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L b 2 4 b b 9 û b 7 2 b 0 4 738 E
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EN 145 : 1997
7.4.2.3.1 Preparation
The apparatus shall be cleaned and disinfected as
recommended by the manufacturer.
W o apparatus, as ready for use, shall then be
precooled at a temperature of (-30 3) "C for 4 h.
Subsequently, the apparatus shall be allowed to warm
up to (-15*3)"C and stored for 15 to 20 h at this
temperature.
7.4.2.3.2 Procedure
Two warmly clothed subjects shall don the apparatus
in a cold chamber and perform work at an ambient
temperature of (- 15 f 3) "C. A similar test programme
to that described in 7.4.2.1.2 shall be carried out for a
period of 30 min.
At the end of the test the apparatus shaii be examined
for malfunction due to the low temperature.
7.6 Warning device
The function of the warning device shaU be tested at
10 Vmin (10 cycles/min, 1,0 Vstroke) with the
compressed gas cylinder valve closed
The corrugated hose shall be suspended and its length
(without couplings) shall be measured ( i e n e a).
Afterwards, a force of 10 N shall be applied to the hose
for a period of 48 h, after which the load shaii be
removed. Then after a recovery period of 6 h, the
length of the hose shall be measured (length b).
be calculated (%).
This test shall be repeated after a further 7 days.
7.7 Gas supply
The cylinder pressure s h d be measured using a
precision gauge. The gas flow shall be measured using
a flowmeter. The negative and positive pressures shaii
be measured using a precision gauge. Gas flow shall be
7.8 Physiological data
7.8.1 Breathing resistance
The breathing resistance of the apparatus shaii be
determined ushg a sinusoidal air flow from a
breathing machine ad,psted to a minute volume given
in table 3.
The breathing apparatus shall be connected directly to
the breathing machine. Measurement of the breathing
resistance shall be made with an inertialess pressure
gauge at the connection between the breathing
machine and the breathing apparatus. Any resistance,
which is due to the connector at the measuring point,
shaii be deducted from the measured value.
The cylinder vaive shaii be opened when carrying out
the test. If a constant flow feeding device is available
circuit. 5 % of the volume exhaled is to be removed by
suction with an aiuriliary lung.
If the measured value increases by opening the lung
governed demand valve or the relief valve, then this is
the value to be taken.
 Page 12
EN 145 : 1997
7.8.2 Oxggen content, carbon dioxide content and
temperature crf inhaled air
A schematic arrangement of the equipment required
for this test is shown in ñgure 1. The equipment
consists of a breathing machine, two non-retuni valves
for the inhaled and exhaled gas, a conditioner (see
ñgure 2), a humidifier (see figure 3), a connector (see
ñgures 4 , 5 and 6), a flow control device for carbon
dioxide, analysers for carbon dioxide and oxygen and
measuring devices for temperature and pressure.
The test equipment subjects the apparatus to a
respiration cycle by the breathing machine, the
respiratory air remaining in a circuit, such that when
measured immediately after leaving the non-return
W e for exhaled air, the volume of air shall be of a
value as defined in table 5 and table 6 at a relative
humidity of 95 to 100 % and at a temperature of
(37 f 0,5) "C. The carbon dioxide content shail be of a
value as specified in table 6 in addition to the carbon
dioxide content of the inhaled air when measured on a
dry basis.
The carbon dioxide shall be fed into the breathing
machine via a control and measuring system, a
compensation bag and two non-return valves.
Immediately behind the humidifier a small quantity of
exhaled air shali be continuously withdrawn through a
sampling line and then fed into the exhaled air via a
carbon dioxide analyser in front of the humidifier.
A conditioner of volume 500 to lo00 nù shall be
inserted as shown as an example oniy in figure2. A
flow of tap water of approximately 3 &/i shall be
maintained through the conditioner.
clam of Minute volume Input of carbon dioxide
apparatus
vmin
lN/lP 25 cycleSmin, 2,O Ystroke 275
2N/2P
4N/4P
I a b l e 6. Carbon dioxide content
CLaSs of Minnte volume Input of carbon dioxide
apparatus
vmin
lN/lP 25 cycleshin, 2,O Ystroke 2,5
2N/2P 20 cycleshin, 2,O Ystroke 2,O
4N/4P 20 cycleshnin, 1,5 Ysîroke 1 , s
COPYRIGHT British Standards Institute on ERC Specs and Standards
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The required humidifier is illustrated as an example
oniy in figure 3. The temperature of the exhaled air
shall be checked and adjusted at the temperature
measuring point in the centre thread connection before
starting the test. To measure the carbon dioxide and
oxygen content of the inhaled air,an equivalent
amount of breathing gas shall be drawn off
continuously at the marked place (see figure 1) by an
adliary lung during the inhalation phase and fed to
an oxygen analyser and a carbon dioxide analyser. The
oxygen content of the breathing gas which has been
drawn off shall correspond to the carbon dioxide
values given in table 6. After analysis the remaining
volume of nitrogen and carbon dioxide which has been
dram off simultaneously shail be fed back to the
circuit. The totai volume of the gas path (excluding the
breathing m a c h e ) of the test rig shall not exceed
2000 mL
Depending on the facepiece of the apparatus, different
connectom shall be used for the test
- apparatus with centre thread connection:
connector in accordance with figure 4;
- apparatus with permanently connected fuìl face
mask dummy head (Sheffield head) in accordance
with figure 5;
- apparatus with permanently connected mouthpiece
assembly: connector in accordance with figure 6.
The temperature of the inhaled gas shall be measured
at points marked in figures4 to 6 by means of a fast
response thermocouple (e.g. thermowire NiCr-Ni,
0,2 mm diameter).
The oxygen content, carbon dioxide content,
temperature of the inhaled air and breathing resistance
shail be measured and recorded continuously
If not otherwise defined the test shall be conducted at
a temperatwe of (23 f 2) "Cand at a relative humidity
of the ambient air of 85 to 95 % and in nominally still
air und the apparatus is exhausted.
Carbon dioxide content Testing duration
of exhalation air
% h
5,o 1
I
Carbon dioxide content Testing duration
of exhalation air
% h
5,o 1
570 2
475 4
O BSI 1998
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STD.BS1 BS E N 1 4 5 - E N G L 1998 D L b 2 4 b b 9 Ob72bOb 5 0 0 W
7.9 Surface resistance of exposed parts
The surface resistance shall be tested on the exposed
parts if size permiîs, or on a test piece comprising a
rectangular plate with dimensions in accordance with
figure 7 on which two paraliel eleclrodes are painted
on the surface using a conducting paint with a solvent
which has no significant effect on the insulation
resistance.
The test piece shall have an intact surface and shall be
cleaned with distilled water, then with isopropyl
alcohol (or any other solvent that can be mixed with
water and wiü not affect the materiai of the test piece),
then once more with distüled water before being dried.
Untouched by bare hands, it shall then be conditioned
* *
for 24 h at the temperahre of (23 2) "C and (50 5) %
relative humidity.
The test shalì be carried out under the same ambient
conditions.
The direct voltage applied for one minute between the
*
electrodes shall be equal to (500 10) Y
During the test the voltage shall be sufficiently steady
so that the charging current due to voltage fluctuation
wilì be negligible compared with the current flowing
through the test piece. In certain cases this requires
the use of batteries or accumulators.
The surface resistance is the quotient of the direct
voltage applied at the electrodes to the totai current
flowing between them when the voltage has been
* applied for 1min.
wl
* Test methods shall be in accordance with annex k
7.10 Strength of breathing hose connections
The breathing hose connections shall be fitted and
d u s t e d so that the force can be applied axiaily to the tested as follows.
connections.
The force of 250 N shall be applied and the
connections shaìl be examined for signs of faiiure.
7.11 Flammability of body harness
The harness material shaU be tested by placing the
material in a luminous propane gas flame. The air
valve on the burner shall be fully closed The flame
height shall be @usted to 40 mm by regulating the gas the brealhing resistance shall be measured at the
supply and the flame shaìl have a temperature of
*
(800 50) "C measured at a height of 20 mm above the Apparatus without a pressure reducer safety valve shall
base of the flame. The material under test shall be held be tested as follows.
horizonkdy at a height of 20 mm above the base of the
flame for a period of 12 s such that the flame impinges 100 Vmin of oxygen shall be fed into the apparatus at a
on the edge of the component under test with a test
rig as shown in figure 8.
7.12 Opening pressure of the relief valve
The apparatus shall be connected to an air supply
system via the equipment connector. The pressure
budding up in the device d i r d y in front of the relief
valve shall be measured using a precision measuring
instmment.
Q BSI 1998
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Page 13
EN 145 : 1997
7.13 Breathing bag
The volume shall be measured by means of a gas
meter.
The effective volume of the breathing bag shall be
determined by removing air from the breathing bag in
the pressure range from a positive pressure of 7,5 mbar
to a negative pressure of 5 mbar.
If necessary, the relief valve and the compressed gas
cylinder valve shall be sealed.
7.14 Storage
A device shall undergo the following tests:
*
a) 72 h exposure to a dry atmosphere of (70 3) "C;
b) 72 h exposure to an almosphere of (70 f 3) "C and
a relative humidity of 95 to 100 0
4
*
c) 24 h exposure to a temperature of (-30 3) "C.
For the temperature tests the gas cylinders shall be
filied with not more than 50 % of the maximum ñlùng
pressure specified by the manufacturer.
7.16 Flammability
Fiammability shall be tested in accordance with 8.6 of
EN 136: 1997.
7.16 Pressure reducer
The apparatus including facepiece s l d i be connected
to a breathing machine by a suitable connector.
Apparatus with a full face mask shall be fitted to the
'Sheffield dummy head and apparatus with a
mouthpiece shall be connected directly to the outlet of
the breathing machine. The breathing m a c h e shall be
adjusted to 20 cycledmin and 2,O Vstmke (see figure 9).
Apparatus with a pressure reducer safety valve shall be
With the breathing machine not operating, a suitable
flow measuring device shall be connected to the outlet
of the pressure reducer safety valve and air shall be
supplied to the medium pressure side of the pressure
reducer. The air supply pressure shaìl be g r a d d y
increased until a flow of 100 límin passes through the
pressure reducer safety valve. Whilst under these
conditions, the breathing machine shall be started and
appropriate pressure sample point.
suitable point, e.g. inlet of the lung governed demand
valve.
Under these conditions, a breathing machine test shall
be conducted on the complete apparatus including the
facepiece and the breathing resistance shall be
measured at the appropriate pressure sample point.
7.17 Leaktightness of relief valve
For the test, the effective volume of the test chamber
shall be 500 ml.
 Page 14
EN 145 : 1997

$Marking 9 Information supplied by the

8.1 The manufacturer, supplier or importer shall be manufacturer
identified by name, trademark or other means of 9.1 On delivery, information shall accompany every
identification. WP-.
8.2 Ali units of the same model shail be provided with 9.2 Information shall be in the official hguage(s) of
a typeidentjfying marlung. the country of destination.
Negative and positive pressure apparatus shall be
marked accordingly. 9.3 The information shaii contain all infomation
necessary for trained and qualified persons on:
8.3 Qpe and Class of the apparatus. - type and class of apparatus;
8.4 Number of this European Standard. - application/limitation;
8.6 Serial number. - checks prior to use;
- donning and fitting;
8.6 Date of manufacture (at least the year).
- use;
8.7 Where the reliable performance of piece parts - servicing;
may be affected by ageing, means of i d e n m g the
date (at least the year) of manufacture shall be given. - maintenance, preferably separately printed
information;
8.8 Subassemblies and components with considerable - storage;
bearing on safety shail be marked so that they can be
identified of the equipment.
If subassemblies with considerable bearing on safety 9.4 The infomation shall include that the oxygen
are too small to be marked, the information shall be content of the oxygen supply of self-contained
given in the information supplied by the manufacturer. closedcircuit oxygen breathuig apparatus shall be at
least 99,5 %.
8.9 Pressure reducer
For self-contained closed-chcuit oxygen-nitrogen
A regdating device reducing the pressure from breathing apparatus, the composition of the gas in the
cylinder pressure to breathing pressure or one cylinder(s) shaii be identified.
reducing the pressure from cylinder pressure to
medium pressure @ressure reducer) shall be durably To ensure reliable operation of the equipment the
marked with a serial number. The marking shall be following iigures in table 7 for moisture in the gas shail
such that the year of production can be identified. in not be exceeded.
addition, provision shali be made to mark the date (at
least year and month) and test marks of the last û A n g
performed. Filling pressure Maximum moisture at 1 bar
8.10 The sentence ‘See infomation supplied by the bar Wm3
manufacturer’ or the relevant pictogram. 200 50
8.11 The marking shall be as clearly visible and as 300 35
durable as possible.
For parts which cannot be marked the relevant
information shall be included in the information
suppiied by the manufacturer.

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 S T D - B S I B S EN 2 4 5 - E N G L 2 7 7 8 = Lb24bb7 Ob72b08 383
Page 15
EN 145 : 1997

1 Brea- machine
2 Auxiliary lung (controlled by the breathing machine)
3 Valve system
4 Control valve (controlled by the breathing machine)
5 Thermostat
6 Heating element (controlled by the thermostat)
7 Humidifier (see Egure 3)
8 Conditioner (see Figure 2)
9 Cooling ribs
10 Container for condensed water
11 Cooling water in- and out-put
12 Carbon dioxide analyser (exhaled air)
13 Control and measurement system for carbon dioxide
14 Gasmeter for carbon dioxide
15 Compensation bag for carbon dioxide dosage
16 Non-return valve
17 Gasmeter for the sampling air
18 Oxygen analyser
19 Carbon dioxide analyser and recorder (inhalation air)
20 Temperature measuring equipment with plotter
21 Connector (see figures 4 , 5 and 6)
22 Breathing apparatus
23 Pressure meter with plotter
Figure 1. Arrangement for testing the breathing apparatus

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, Pagel6
EN 146 : 1997

1
+-

\
I 195

Dimensions in millimetres
1 Breathingmachine
2 Coolingwaterin
3 Coolingwaterout
4 Water level plug
5 From control valve
Figure 2. Example of a conditioner

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 STD.BSI BS E N 1 4 5 - E N G L 1 9 9 8 1b2LibbS Ob72bLO T 3 L D

Page 17
EN 145 : 1997

O
0-
c

O
O
cv

250
Dimensions in millimetres
1 From the breathing machine
2 Refillable container
3 Thermostat (controls heating element)
4 To control valve
5 Heating element 250 to 300 W
Figure 3. Example of a Humidifier

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S T D - B S I B S E N 1 4 5 - E N G L 1978 = L b Z q b b 9 Ob72bLL 9 7 8 D
Page 18
EN 145 : 1997

Dimensions in miiiimetres
1 Pressure measuring point
2 Temperature measuring point
3 Centre thread connector to EN 148-2 : 1987
Figure 4. Connector for breathing apparatus having a centre thread
connection

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EN 145 : 1997

n L -I ;f
X

A-A

1 J
Y

928 -1
I
235 042
285

Dimensions in millimetres
1 Temperature measuring point (exhalation)
2 Temperature measuring point (inhalation)
3 Pressure measuring point
4 Thermocouple
5 To pressure gauge
6 Sheffield dummy head
Figure 6. Dummy head for breathing apparatus having a permanently connected
full face mask

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 Dimensions in millimetres
1 Pressure measuring point
2 Temperature measuring point
Figure 6. Connector for breathing apparatus having a permanently
connected mouthpiece assembly

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 S T D - B S I BS E N 1 4 5 - E N G L 1 9 9 8 6 L b 2 4 b b 7 O b 7 2 b L 4 b 8 7
Page 21
EN 145 : 1997

I r25 _I 1ooz1 1 - 225 I

Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 7. Test piece with painted electrodes for surface resistance test

-I

3
5
2

1
I

-B
1
Propane cylinder
L
Valve
Pressure regulator
Pressure gauge
Fiah back arrester
Support for samples
Flame
Shield
Burner
Figure 8. Arrangement for testing flammability

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~
 Page 22
EN 145 :1997

1 Fiowmeter
2 Pressure reducer safety Valve
3 Pressm reducer
4 Pressure reguiator
5 Medium pressure gauge
6 Equipment c o m a r
7 Facepiece
8 Sheffield dummy head
9 Breathingmachine
10 Mouthpiece

a> Compressed air supply

Figure 9. Arrangement for testing a pressure reducer safety valve of apparatus with
full face mask and of apparatus with mouthpiece

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STD.BS1 BS E N 1 4 5 - E N G L 1998 0 l b 2 q b b 4 O b 7 2 b L b 4 5 T
~

=
Page 23
EN 145 : 1997

Annex A (normative)
Methods of measurement of the insulation resistance
A.l Voltmeter ammeter method
The current is measured either directly by means of a micro-ammeter or a galvanometer (see figure Al) or
indirectly by a d.c. amplifier which indicates the current by measuring the voltage drop which it determines in a
known resistance (see figure k2a). The volîage is measured by a voltmeter. In certain cases the voltage£urrent
ratio is measured by an instrument indicating the resistance directly (see figure k2b).
A.2 Comparative method
The unknown resistance is compared to a known resistance by determjning the ratio of the currents when the
same voltage is applied in succession to two resistances (see figure k3a) or by baiancing the two resistances in a
Wheatstone bridge (see figure k3b).
For all these methods, the unknown resistance shall be large in relation to any calibrated resistance connected in
series with it so as to be submitted to practically ail the voltage.
Voltmeter ammeter method

Figure A.l Current measurement by micro-ammeter or

gaivanome ter

a> b)
Figure A.2 Current measurement by means of a d.c. amplifier

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EN 146 : 1997

Comparative method

-
a) Determination of the ratio of currents when the same b) Wheatstone bridge method
voltage is applied successiveiy to the two resistances
1 Galvanometer with shunt
2 D.C.amplifier
3 Detector
Figure A.3

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EN 145 : 1997

Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or other
provisions of EU Directives
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free 'hade Association and supports essentiai requirements of EU Directive 8!3/6€%/EEC.
WARNING.Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the products f a h g within the
scope of this standard.
The ciauses of this standard are iikely to support requirements of Directive 89/6?36/EEC, annex II:
EU Directive 89/68ô/EEC, annex II: Cianses of this standard:
1.1.1 6.1, 6.6, 6.10
1.1.2.1 i, 6.4
1.1.2.2 5, 6.4
1.2.1 6.1, 6.2, 6.11
1.2.1.1 6.1, 6.6, 6.10
1.2.1.2 6.1, 6.10
1.2.1.3 6.4, 6.10
1.3.1 6.1, 6.6, 6.10, 6.26
1.3.2 6.1, 6.4, 6.10, 6.12
1.4 9
2.1 6.1, 6.6, 6.10, 6.26
2.3 6.10, 6.26
2.4 8, 9
2.6 6.2
2.7 6.1, 6.6, 6.10
2.8 6.18, 6.19, 9
2.9 6.1, 6.6, 6.10
2.12 8, 9
3.10.1 6.3, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 6.10, 6.21, 6.26, 6.27, 6.28, 8, 9

Compliance with this standard provides one means of conforming with the specific essentiai requirements of the
Directive concerned and associated EFIA regulahons.

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 BS EN
145 : 1998

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