5.

COORDINATION - COMPOUNDS

(weightage = 7)

MCQ [1MARK]

1. How many ions are produced from the complex [Co(NH3)6]Cl2 in solution?

(a) 2    (b) 6    (c) 4  (d) 3

Ans. (d)   3

2. The correct IUPAC name of [Pt(NH3)2 Cl2] is

(a) Diamminedichloridoplatinum (II)
(b) Diamminedichlorideplatinum (0)
(c) Diamminedichlorideplatinum (IV)
(d) Dimminedichlorideplatinum (IV)

Ans. (a) Diamminedichloridoplatinum(II)

3. Which of the following complexes show linkage isomerism ?

(a) [Co(NH3)5 (NO2)]2+

(b) [Co(H2O)5 CO]3+
(c) [Cr(NH3)5 Cl]2+
(d) [Fe(en)3Cl2]+

Ans. (a) [Co(NH3)6 (NO2)]2+

4. Which of the following options are correct for [Fe(CN)6]3- complex ?

(a) d2sp3hybridisation and diamagnetic
(b) d2sp3hybridisation and paramagnetic
(c) sp3d2 hybridisation and diamagnetic
(d) sp3d2 hybridisation and paramagnetic

Ans. (b) d2sp3hybridisation and paramagnetic

5. Identify the correct statements for the behavior of ethane-1, 2-diamine as a ligand.
(a) It is neutral ligand
(b) It is didentate ligand
(c) It is chelating ligand
(d) All the above

Ans. (d) All the above

6. In a coordination complexs central atom/ion is also known as ________

a) Bronsted-Lowry acid
b) Lewis base
c) Lewis acid
d) Bronsted-Lowry base
Answer: c

ASSERTION REASONING QUESTIONS (1 Marks Each)

In the following questions a statement of Assertion (A) followed by a statement ofReason
(R) is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.

(a) Both A and R are correct and the R is the correct explanation of A.

(b) Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.

(c) Assertion (A) is correct but Reason (R) is incorrect.

(d) Assertion (A) is incorrect but Reason (R) is correct.

7. Assertion: Both [Cr(H2O)6]2+ and [FeH2O)6]2+ have the same magnetic moment.
Reason: Number of unpaired electrons in Cr2+ and Fe2+ are the same
Answer: a

8. Assertion :Toxic metal ions are removed by the chelating ligands.

Reason :Chelate complexes tend to be more stable.

Answer: a

9. Assertion: [Co(en)3]3+is paramagnetic.

Reason: It is an inner orbital complex.

Answer: d

10. Assertion: [Ni(CN)4]2- is diamagnetic complex.

Reason: It involves dsp2hybridisation and there is no unpaired electron.

Answer: a

[2 MARKS QUESTIONS]

11. Calculate the magnetic moment value of Cr in [Cr(H2O)6]3+ ion.

Ans. No. of unpaired electrons in [Cr(H2O)6]3+ = 3
_______
 µ = √ 3(3+2)
___
µ = √ 15

µ = 3.87 BM

12. Give some example showing importance of complexes in biological system?

Ans. Examples of complexes in biological system.-

1. Chlorophyll is a complex of Mg.
2.  Haemoglobin is a complex of iron.
3.  Cyanocobalamine , Vit. B12, is a complex of cobalt.

13. CuSO4.5H2O is blue in colour while CuSO4 is colourless. Why ?

Ans. In CuSO4.5H2O, water acts as a ligand. As a result, it causes crystal field splitting.
Hence, the d-d transition of the electron is possible in CuSO4.5H2O and shows blue
colour. In the anhydrous CuSO4 due to the absence of water (ligand), crystal field
splitting is not possible and hence no d-d transitions of electron and no colour imparted.

14. . Distinguish between homoleptic and hetroleptic ligands.

Ans.Homoleptic complexes are those in which only one type of ligand or donor group is
present e.g. [Pt(NH3)6]3+ has only NH3 as ligand. Whereas hetroleptic complexes are
those in which different types of ligands are present eg. [Pt(NH3)4 Cl2]+ has two type of
ligands- NH3 and Cl-.

15. A solution of [Ni(H2O)6]2+ is green but a solution of [Ni(CN)4]2-is colourless. Explain.

Ans.In [Ni(H2O)6]2+ , H2O is a weak field ligand. Therefore, there are unpaired electrons
in Ni2+. In this complex, the d electrons from the lower energy level can be excited to the
higher energy level i.e., the possibility of  d - d transition is present. Hence, [Ni(H2O)6]2+is
coloured. In [Ni(CN)4]2-, the electrons are all paired as CN- is a strong field ligand.
Therefore, d-d transition is not possible in [Ni(CN)4]2- . Hence, it is colourless.

[3 MARKS QUESTIONS]

16. Write the formulas for the following coordination compounds:

(i) Tris(ethane-1,2-diamine) chromium(III) chloride
(ii) Iron(III) hexacyanoferrate (II)
(iii).  Trioxalatoferrate (III) ion

Ans. (i) [Cr (en)3]Cl3

(ii) Fe4 [ Fe (CN)6]
(iii) [ Fe (C2O4)3 ]3+

17. What is crystal field splitting energy? On the basis of crystal field theory, state for d4
configuration,
how the the actual configuration of the split d-orbitals in octahedral crystal field is
decided by the
relative values of Δ0 and P ?

Ans. The degenerate d-orbitals split into two levels i.e., eg and t2g in the presence of
ligands. The splitting
of the degenerate levels due to the presence of ligands is called the crystal-field
splitting while the energy
difference between the two levels (eg and t2g) is called the crystal-field splitting
energy.

(i) If  Δ0 < P , then the 4th electron will enter eg orbital giving the configuration t2g3
eg1 . Ligands for
which Δ0 < P are known as weak field ligands and form high spin complexes.

(ii) If  Δ0 > P , then the 4th electron will enter t2g orbital giving the configuration t2g4
eg0 . Ligands for
which Δ0 >P are known as strong field ligands and form low spin complexes.

18. Discuss the nature of bonding in metal carbonyls.

Ans. (i) The metal carbon bond in metal carbonyls possess both σ and π character.
(ii) The M-C σ bond is formed by the donation of lone pair of electrons on the
carbonyl carbon into a
vacant orbital of the metal.
(iii) The M-C π bond is formed by the donation of a pair of electrons form a filled
d orbital of metal
into the vacant anti bonding π∗ orbital of carbon monoxide (also known as
back bonding).
(iv) The metal to ligand bonding creates a synergic effect which strengthens the
bond between CO
and the metal.

19. Draw all the isomers (geometrical and optical) of [ Co (NH3) Cl (en)2 ]2+ .

Ans. (i) Geometrical Isomers :

(ii) Optical Isomers :

Trans-isomers are optically inactive.

Cis-isomers are optically active.

20. What is meant by the chelate effect? Give an example.

Ans.When a ligand attaches to the metal ion in a manner that forms a ring, then the
metal- ligand
association is found to be more stable. In other words, complexes containing chelate
rings are more
stable than complexes without rings. This is known as the chelate effect.

For example:

[4 MARKS QUESTION] Case based question

21. Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:
Complex compounds play an important role in our daily life. Werner’s theory of
coordination compounds says every metal atom or ion has primary valency (oxidation
state) which is satisfied by negatively charged ions, ion is sable where secondary valency
(coordination number) is non-ionisable, satisfied by ligands (+ve, –ve, neutral) but having
lone pair. Primary valency is non-directional, secondary valency is directional.
Coordination compounds are name according to IUPAC system. Valence bond theory helps
in determining shapes of Coordination compounds based on hybridisation, magnetic
properties, outer or inner orbital complex. Coordination compounds show ionisation,
linkage, solvate and coordination isomerism also called structural isomerism. Some of
them also show stereoisomerism i.e. geometrical and optical isomerism. Ambidentate
ligands are essential to show linkage isomerism. Polydentate ligands form more stable
Coordination compounds then unidentate ligands. There are called chelating agents. EDTA
is used to treat lead poisoning, cis-platin as anticancer agents. VitaminB12 is complex of
cobalt. Haemoglobin, oxygen carrier is complex of Fe2+ and chlorophyll essential for
photosynthesis is complex of Mg2+

(a). What is the oxidation state of Ni in [Ni(CO)4]?

(a) +4 (b) -4 (c) +2 (d) 0

Ans. (d)

(b). Out Cis – [Pt(en)2 Cl2]2+and trans- [Pt(en)2 Cl2]2+ which one shows optical
isomerism?

(a) trans- [Pt(en)2 Cl2]2+ (b) Cis – [Pt(en)2 Cl2]2+

(c) Both (d) None of these

Ans. (b)

(c). The stabilisation of coordination compounds due to chelation is called the chelate
effect. Which of the following is the most stable complex species?

(a) [Fe(CO)5] (b) [Fe(CN)6]3– (c) [Fe(C2O4)3]3– (d) [Fe(H2O)6]3+

Ans. (c)

(d). One mole of CrCl3 . 6H2O reacts with excess of AgNO3 to yield 2 mole of AgCl.
Write formula of complex.

(a) [Cr(H2O)5Cl]Cl2 .H2O (b) [Cr(H2O)5Cl3] .H2O

(c) [CrCl3] .6H2O (d) [Cr(H2O)5Cl2]Cl .H2O

Ans. (a)
[5 MARKS QUESTION]

22. (a) State a reason for each of the following situations:

(i) Co2+ is easily oxidised to Co3+ in presence of a strong ligand.
(ii) CO is a stronger complexing reagent than NH3.
(iii) The molecular shape of Ni(CO)4 is not the same as that of [Ni(CN)4]2- .
Ans.
(i) Strong ligands provide energy which overcomes 3rd ionisation enthalpy and Co2+
gets oxidised to Co3+.
(ii) CO can form a as well as n bond, therefore, it is stronger ligand than NH3which
can form only a bond.
(iii) Ni (CO)4 has sp3 hybridization, tetrahedral shape, whereas [Ni(CN)4]2- has dsp2
hybridization,
therefore, it has a square planar shape.

(b) Give evidence that [Co(NH3)5Cl]SO4 and [Co(NH3)5SO4]Cl are ionization isomers.

Ans. When ionization isomers are dissolved in water, they ionize to give different ions.
These ions then react
differently with different reagents to give different products.
[CO(NH3)5Cl]SO4 + Ba2+ → BaSO4↓ White Precipitate
[CO(NH3)5Cl]SO4 + Ag+ → No  reaction
[CO(NH3)5 SO4]Cl + Ba2+ → No  reaction
[CO(NH3)5 SO4] Cl + Ag+ → AgCl↓ White Precipitate

23. For the complex [Fe(en)2Cl2]Cl, identify the following:

(i) Oxidation number of iron.
(ii) Hybridisation and shape of the complex.
(iii) Magnetic behavior of the complex.
(iv) Number of its geometrical isomers.
(v) Whether there may be optical isomer also.
(vi) Name of the complex.
Ans.
(i) +3 (III)
(ii) d2sp3, octahedral
(iii) paramagnetic
(iv) Two geometrical isomers
(v) Yes, cis isomer will also show optical isomer also due to presence of polydentate
ligand.
(vi) Dichlorido bis-(ethane 1, 2-diamine) Iron (III)