MIAN SHAHID MAHMOOD TEACHER O LEVEL PAKISTAN STUDIES (2059) BMI 03336610587

Languages

PAKISTAN

Local Languages
National Language
Punjabi, Pashto, Balochi,
Urdu
Sindhi

Importance of language

Development
of State

Symbol of
Identification
Culture

Unifying
Force

MIAN SHAHID MAHMOOD TEACHER PAKISTAN STUDIES (2059) O LEVEL BMI 03336610587
MIAN SHAHID MAHMOOD TEACHER O LEVEL PAKISTAN STUDIES (2059) BMI 03336610587

National Language: Urdu

Language
of the
Muslims
Rich
Literary
Religious
Background Teachings

Reasons
Role in Uniting
Independence
Movement Force

Two
Nation
Theory

Steps taken by the Government

• Urdu National Language of Pakistan

• Role of Qauid-e-Azam
• Medium of Instruction in many Educational Institutions
• Dictionary of Office terms in Urdu
• Medium for Radio and Television programmes
• Newspapers

MIAN SHAHID MAHMOOD TEACHER PAKISTAN STUDIES (2059) O LEVEL BMI 03336610587
MIAN SHAHID MAHMOOD TEACHER O LEVEL PAKISTAN STUDIES (2059) BMI 03336610587

Local Languages

Sindhi

• Oldest language spoken in Pakistan around 12th Century

• Before Muslims written script was Marwari and Arz
• After Arabs, major influence of Arabic
• Language of Administration during Muslim Rule

Sindhi Poets

Shah Abdul Latif

Bhitai

Mkhdum Nuh of Qazi Qazan of

Sachal Sarmast
Hala Thatta

• First journal was Ta’alim Alkhashaf-o-Tauheed

Sindhi in Modern Times

1948 The Sindhi Literary Board

Printing of many Books in Sindhi
Famous Authors, Pir Ali Muhammad Rashidi. G Allana and Faqir Nabi
Bux
1954 Bazm-e-Talib-ul-Muala to promote Sindhi Litrature
Sarmast Academy
Sindhiology Department
Books in Sindhi Folk Litrature

MIAN SHAHID MAHMOOD TEACHER PAKISTAN STUDIES (2059) O LEVEL BMI 03336610587
MIAN SHAHID MAHMOOD TEACHER O LEVEL PAKISTAN STUDIES (2059) BMI 03336610587

Balochi

• Language of Balochistan
• Two main branches of Balochi, Sulemanki and Mekrani
• Language of migrants from North-Western Iran
• Very little development in the language
• Jam Darang famous poet
• In 1830 A British Traveller W. Leech reported about Balochi in the Journal
Asiatic Society

Balochi in Modern Times

Radio Pakistan Karachi
Th e Balochi Literary Association
The Quetta Television Station
Modern Poets, Atta Shad and Ishaq Shamin
Modern Writers, Gul Khan Nazir and Azad Jamal Din

Punjabi

• Language of the Punjab

• Different names, Masoodi, Al-Hindi and Hindko
• In 1080 famous poet Hafiz Barkhurdar used word Punjabi
• Original Script was in Gurmukhi
• During Mughal era Arabic Script
• Influence of Persian, Arabic, Hindi, Turkish and English
• Early Punjabi Literature folk tales, Heer-Ranjha, Sassi-Punnu, Sohni-
Mahiwal
• Sufi Poets, Baba Farid Ganshakar, Sultan Bahu, Bullhe Shah
• Topic in Punjabi in 20th Century, Law, Medicine, History, and Pholosophy

MIAN SHAHID MAHMOOD TEACHER PAKISTAN STUDIES (2059) O LEVEL BMI 03336610587
MIAN SHAHID MAHMOOD TEACHER O LEVEL PAKISTAN STUDIES (2059) BMI 03336610587

• Translation of Holy Quran in Punjabi

• Modern Poets, Muhammad Ali Faiq, Ustad Daman, Sharif Kunjahi,
Ahmed Rahi and Munir Niazi
Pashto

• Language of KPK and Northern areas of Balochistan

• Influence of Arabic, Persian and Greek

History of Pashto Language

1st Period 2nd Period 3rd period

• Starts from 2nd to • Starts from • Starts from
13th Century Mughal British Rule
• Amir Khan Invasions on • Golden period
Pehivan and India. for Pashto
Bayazid Ansari • Growth of literature
famous poets. Nationalism and • Famous writers,
• First book on Freedom Akhund
Sufism in Pashto • Greatest Scholar Dardeeza,
was Khair-ul- Hazrat Mian Khushal Khan
Bian Umar. Others Khttak and
were Saadat Ali Rehman Baba.
Khan and Amir
Muhammad
Ansari

MIAN SHAHID MAHMOOD TEACHER PAKISTAN STUDIES (2059) O LEVEL BMI 03336610587
MIAN SHAHID MAHMOOD TEACHER O LEVEL PAKISTAN STUDIES (2059) BMI 03336610587

Expected Questions languages

Q Why did Pakistan choose Urdu as its national language? [7]

Q How successful has been the promotion of the following regional languages in Pakistan
between 1947 and 1988:
(i) Punjabi;
(ii) Pushto;
(iii) Sindhi?
Explain your answer with reference to all three of the languages. [14]
Q `The development of Pushto has been promoted more than any other Pakistani regional
language between 1947 and 1988.'Give reasons why you might agree and disagree with this
statement. [14]
Q Why was Urdu chosen as the national language of Pakistan? [7]
Q How important was the development of regional languages to Pakistan between 1947 and
1988? Explain your answer. [14]
Q `The promotion of regional languages in Pakistan between 1947 and 1988 has been more
successful than the promotion of Urdu.' Do you agree? Explain your answer. [14]
Q `Sindhi was promoted more than any other regional language between 1947 and 1988'. Do
you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answer. [14]
Q Has the promotion of Urdu been more successful than that of any regional language in
Pakistan between 1947 and 1988? Explain your answer. [14]
Q Why have regional languages been promoted by the Pakistan government since 1947? [7]
Q How has the Pakistan government promoted the development of Balochi since 1947? [4]
Q `Punjabi has been promoted more than any other Pakistani regional language between 1947
and 1999.' Give reasons why you might agree and disagree with this statement. [14]

MIAN SHAHID MAHMOOD TEACHER PAKISTAN STUDIES (2059) O LEVEL BMI 03336610587