Assignment

Subject:Contemporary India

Topic:Strategic geographical location and the border that it

shares with the border that it shares with the neighbouring
countries.
Strategic geographical location:
India is one of the ancient civilisations in the world. It has achieved multifaceted socio
economic progress during the last five decades.India is a vast country. Lying entirely in the
Northern hemisphere (Figure 1.1) the mainland extends between latitudes 8°4'N and 37°6'N and
longitudes 68°7' and 97°25' east longitude.India is the seventh largest country in the world.It has total
area of 3,287,263 sq kilometre,measures 3,214 km from north to south and 2.933 km from east to
west.It has a land frontier of 15,200 km and a coastline of 7,516.6 km.The Tropic of Cancer divides the
country into two equal parts.To the South East and South West of the mainland,lie the Andaman and
Nicobar islands and the Lakshadweep islands in Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea respectively.

India has a central location between East and West Asia.India is a southward extension of the Asian
Continent.The Indian Oceans routes which connect to the countries of Europe in the West and the East
Asia provides a strategic central location of India. The Deccan Peninsula protrudes into the Indian
Ocean, thus helping India to establish close contact with West Asia, Africa and Europe from the
western coast and with Southeast and East Asia from the eastern coast. No other country has a long
coastline on the Indian Ocean as India has and indeed, it is India’s eminent position in the Indian Ocean
which justifies the naming of an Ocean after it.

The geographical location of India identified in three ways:

1.The help of latitudes and longitudes:
(a)Latitude:Located in the northern hemisphere.India stretches from 8°04 nm 8°04′ north
latitude in the south to 37°06 north latitude in the north.

(b)Longitude:In the eastern hemishphere,India stretches from 68°07 east longitude in the west
to 97°25 east longitude in the east

2.According to the distance from the sea:India is surrounded by (i) the Bay of Bengal in the east, (ii) the
Arabian Sea in the west, (iii) the Indian Ocean in the south and (iv) the Lakshadweep Sea to the
southwest. No part of India is beyond 900 km from the sea.

3. In relation to the location of neighbouring countries: India is bordered on the north by China (the
largest neighbour, 96 lakhs sq. km), Nepal and Bhutan, on the east by Myanmar and Bangladesh, on
the south By Sri Lanka, on the west by Pakistan and on the north-west by Afghanistan. The smallest
neighbour of India (298 sq. km), Maldives, lies to the south-east of India; with these neighbours India
has trade relations as well as cultural links.

India`s neighbours countries and its border:As we know that India has 28 states and 7 union
territories India shares its land borders to the west sides with Pakistan;to the north side with China,Bhutan,
and Nepal and;to the east side with Bangladesh and Myanmar;and to the northwest side with Afghanistan.In
the Indian Ocean,India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives;its Andaman and Nicobar Islands
share a maritime border with Thailand,Myanmar and Indonesia.

NAME:Diksha Gupta
COURSE:BJMC 1st SHIFT 1st YEAR