Problem #1

(a)

(b)

opposite x x
tan θ = = =⇒ θ = tan−1
adjacent y y

(c i)

adjacent FT y
FT,y = FT cos θ = FT =p
hypotenuse x2 + y 2

FT y
FN − Fg − FT,y = 0 =⇒ FN = mg + FT,y = mg + p
x2 + y 2

(c ii)
Net force is in the x-direction:

opposite FT y FT x
Fnet = Ff + FT,x = µk FN + FT = µk mg + µk p +p
hypotenuse 2
x +y 2 x2 + y 2

(d)

Z Z L Z L
FT x
Work done by string = F⃗T · d⃗r = FT,x dx = p dx
0 0 x2 + y 2

Do the above with a u-sub, u = x2 + y 2 :

y 2 +L2  2 2
√ y +L
Z
1 p 
W = FT √ du = FT u = FT y 2 + L2 − y
y2 2 u y2

(e)
The two energies disspitated by friction:
! !
Z L Z L Z 2L Z 2L
µk FT y µk FT y
Ff dx = µk mg + p dx and Ff dx = µk mg + p dx
0 0 x2 + y 2 L L x2 + y 2

1
We can equivalently compare the two integrals:

Z L Z 2L
1 1
p dx and p dx
0 x2 + y 2 L x + y2
2

p
1/ x2 + y 2 is a decreasing function in x, so the first integral is larger, therefore friction dissipates more
energy on the interval (0, L).

Problem #2
(a)

JS = ∆p1 = m1 ∆v1 = m1 vf − m1 vi = m1 (v − some positive number)

J2 = m2 v =⇒ JS < J2

(b)
Block 1 is in simple harmonic motion until the collision

(c)
Conservation of energy to find the speed of block 1 before the collision:
r
1 1 k
k(∆x)2 = m1 vi2 =⇒ vi = ∆x
2 2 m1

Conservation of momentum to find the velocity post-collision:

2
 √
q
k
m1 m1
m1 km1
m1 vi = (m1 + m2 )v =⇒ v = vi = ∆x = ∆x
m1 + m2 m1 + m2 m1 + m2

(d i) Trivial
(d ii)

0.35 m/s − 0.15 m/s

slope ≈ = 10.0 s−1
0.030 m − 0.015 m
√ √ p
km1 km1 150 N/m · 0.50 kg
slope = =⇒ m2 = − m1 = − 0.50 kg = 0.37 kg
m1 + m2 slope 10.0 s−1
√
(e) m2 ∝ k so k ′ > 150 N/m.

Problem #3
(a)

(b)

L L mg
τspring = τgravity =⇒ k∆x = mg =⇒ k =
4 4 ∆x

(c i)
This is simple harmonic motion! Whose equilibrium value is θ = 0 and amplitude is θ0 . So, α = 0 at t = t1 ,
which is when θ = 0:

3
(c ii)

L L mgL sin θ0 k∆x2 L sin θ0

τ0 = Iα0 = mg sin θ0 − k∆x2 sin θ0 =⇒ α0 = −
4 4 4I 4I

(d)
The masses are equidistant from the pivot point, so they don’t change the net torque, therefore α′ = α0 .