Graphene oxide

P G O
Graphene Oxide is the oxidized
form of graphene produced by
oxidizing crystal graphite with a
mixture of sulfuric acid, sodium
nitrate, and potassium perman-
ganate (the Hummers method).
Structurally, Graphene Oxide
can be visualized as a graphene
sheet with its basal plane deco-
rated by oxygen-containing AFM image and height profile of the
groups. Due to high affinity to Graphene Oxide deposited onto function-
water molecules by these alized mica. The image was generated by SmartSPMTM (AIST-NT, Inc.).
groups, Graphene Oxide is hy- Courtesy of Dr. Andrey Krayev
drophilic and can be dissolved in
water. The solubility in water
makes the deposition of the thin
films of the Graphene Oxide
straightforward. Graphene Ox-
ide is a poor conductor but its
treatment by light, heat, or
chemical reduction can restore
most properties of the famed
pristine graphene. Conventional-
ly, the reduction is done by hy-
drazine. The are other "green
methods available, such as in-
troduction of bacteria containing
cytochromes. Courtesy of Dr. Mark H. Wall

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