The document provides an overview of 16 tenses in English, including their uses, formulas, time signals, and examples. It discusses the simple present, present continuous, present perfect, present perfect continuous, simple past, past continuous, past perfect, past perfect continuous, simple future, future continuous, future perfect, future perfect continuous, simple past future, and past future continuous tenses.
The document provides an overview of 16 tenses in English, including their uses, formulas, time signals, and examples. It discusses the simple present, present continuous, present perfect, present perfect continuous, simple past, past continuous, past perfect, past perfect continuous, simple future, future continuous, future perfect, future perfect continuous, simple past future, and past future continuous tenses.
The document provides an overview of 16 tenses in English, including their uses, formulas, time signals, and examples. It discusses the simple present, present continuous, present perfect, present perfect continuous, simple past, past continuous, past perfect, past perfect continuous, simple future, future continuous, future perfect, future perfect continuous, simple past future, and past future continuous tenses.
Use : menyatakan fakta, kebiasaan, dan juga kejadian-kejadian yang terjadi pada saat sekarang ini. Formula : (+) : S + V1 + O. (-) : S + do/does not + (V1) + O. (?) : Do/does + S + infinitive (V1) + O? Time signal : every, always, seldom, often, never Example : (+) I go to school every day. / Aku pergi ke sekolah setiap hari. (-) I don’t go to school every day. / Aku tidak pergi ke sekolah setiap hari. (?) Do you go to school every day? / Apakah kamu pergi ke sekolah setiap hari?
2. Present Continuous Tense
Use : untuk membuat suatu rencana di masa depan. Formula : (+): S + to be (is, am, are) + Ving. (-): S + to be (is, am, are) + not + Ving. (?): to be (is, am, are) + S + Ving? Time signal : now, hour, just, still, right now, at the moment, and tomorrow Example : (+) Rani is writing a letter. / Rani sedang menulis surat. (-) Rani isn’t writing a letter. / Rani tidak sedang menulis surat. (?) Is Rani writing a letter? / Apakah Rani sedang menulis surat?
3. Present Perfect Tense
Use : untuk menunjukkan aksi yang masih berlangsung atau baru saja selesai. Formula : (+) : S + has/have + V3. (-) : S + has/have + not + V3. (?) : Has/have + S + V3? Time signal : for, and since Example : (+) I have eaten. / Aku sudah makan. (-) I haven’t eaten yet. / Aku belum makan. (?) Have you eaten? / Apakah kamu sudah makan?
4. Present Perfect Continous Tense
Use : untuk menjabarkan suatu aksi yang telah selesai di masa lampau atau juga bisa untuk menjabarkan suatu aksi yang telah dimulai di masa lalu dan masih terus berlangsung hingga sekarang. Formula : (+) : S + has/have + been + Ving. (-) : S + has/have + not + been + Ving. (?) : Has/have + S + been + Ving? Time signals : for, since, long, how long, the while day, all the morning Example : (+) My sister has been running for half an hour. / Kakakku sudah sedang berlari selama setengah jam. (-) My sister hasn’t been running for half an hour. / Kakakku belum ada setengah jam berlari. (?) Has your sister been running for half an hour? / Apakah kakakmu sudah sedang berlari selama setengah jam?
5. Simple Past Tense
Use : untuk menjabarkan suatu kejadian yang telah terjadi di masa lampau. Formula : (+) : S + V2. (-) : S + did not + V1. (?) : Did + S + V1? Time signals : yesterday, this morning, four days a go, last day, last week, las month Example : (+) Beni washed his car yesterday. / Beni mencuci mobilnya kemarin. (-) Beni didn’t wash his car yesterday. / Beni tidak mencuci mobilnya kemarin. (?) Did Beni wash his car yesterday? / Apakah Beni mencuci mobilnya kemarin?
6. Past Continuous Tense
Use : untuk menjabarkan bahwa suatu kejadian sedang terjadi di waktu tertentu pada masa lalu. Formula : (+) : S + was/were + Ving. (-) : S + was/were + not + Ving. (?) : Was/were + S + Ving? Time signals : all day yesterday, as, today, while, Example : (+) Sinta was reading a novel at 5 p.m. this evening. / Sinta sedang membaca novel jam 5 sore tadi. (-) Sinta wasn’t reading a novel at 5 p.m. this evening. / Sinta tidak sedang membaca novel jam 5 sore tadi. (?) Was Sinta reading a novel at 5 p.m. this evening? / Apakah Sinta sedang membaca novel jam 5 sore tadi?
7. Past Perfect Tense
Use : untuk menyatakan bahwa suatu aksi telah selesai di masa lalu, sebelum aksi lainnya terjadi di masa lalu pula. Formula : (+) : S + had + V3. (-) : S + had + not + V3. (?) : Had + S + V3? Time signals : before, after, by the time, and bye Example : (+) Tom had repaired his laptop before I borrowed it. / Tom sudah memperbaiki laptopnya sebelum aku meminjamnya. (-) Tom hadn’t repaired his laptop before I borrowed it. / Tom belum memperbaiki laptopnya sebelum aku meminjamnya. (?) Had Tom repaired his laptop before I borrowed it? / Apakah Tom sudah memperbaiki laptopnya sebelum aku meminjamnya?
8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Use : untuk mengungkapkan sebuah aksi yang terjadi di masa lalu dan telah selesai pada suatu titik tertentu di masa lalu pula. Hanya saja, tense ini lebih menekankan pada durasi kejadian tersebut. Formula : (+) : S + had + been + Ving. (-) : S + had + not + been + Ving. (?) : Had + S + been + Ving? Time signals : when, after, before Example : (+) She had been working there before she moved to my office. / Dia telah sedang bekerja di sana sebelum ia pindah ke kantorku. (-) She hadn’t been working there before she moved to my office. / Dia belum sedang bekerja di sana sebelum ia pindah ke kantorku. (?) Had she been working there before she moved to my office? / Apaka dia telah sedang bekerja di sana sebelum ia pindah ke kantorku? 9. Simple Future Tense Use : untuk membuat keputusan di masa depan secara spontan ataupun asumsi yang berhubungan dengan masa yang akan datang. Formula : (+) : S + will + V1. / S + is/am/are + going to + V1. (-) : S + will + not + V1. / S + is/am/are + not + going to + V1. (?) : Will + S + V1? / Is/am/are + S + going to + V1? Time signals : tomorrow, later, soon, next Example : (+) Mrs. Tari will teach us. / Bu Tari akan mengajar kita. (-) Mrs. Tari won’t teach us. / Bu Tari tidak akan mengajar kita. (?) Will Mrs. Tari teach us? / Apakah Bu Tari akan mengajar kita?
10. Future Continuous Tense
Use : untuk menunjukkan suatu aksi yang terjadi di waktu tertentu pada masa yang akan datang dan juga aksi yang pasti akan terjadi dalam waktu dekat di masa depan. Formula : (+) : S + will + be + Ving. (-) : S + will + not + be + Ving. (?) : Will + S + be + Ving? Time signals : tomorrow night, at the office, at 11 p.m Example : (+) I will be studying math tonight at 7 p.m. / Aku akan sedang belajar matematika malam ini jam 7. (-) I won’t be studying math tonight at 7 p.m. / Aku tidak akan sedang belajar matematika malam ini jam 7. (?) Will you be studying math tonight at 7 p.m.? / Apakah kamu akan sedang belajar matematika malam ini jam 7?
11. Future Perfect Tense
Use : untuk mengungkapkan bahwa suatu aktivitas sudah akan selesai pada suatu titik waktu di masa yang akan datang. Formula : (+) : S + will + have + V3. (-) : S + will + not + have + V3. (?) : Will + S + have + V3? Time signals : by next, in a week, by the time, until, after before Example : (+) The singer will have finished their world tour by next month. / Penyanyi itu akan sudah menyelesaikan tur dunianya pada bulan depan. (-) The singer will not have finished their world tour by next month. / Penyanyi itu belum menyelesaikan tur dunianya pada bulan depan. (?) Will the singer have finished their world tour by next month? / Apakah penyanyi itu akan sudah menyelesaikan tur dunianya pada bulan depan? 12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense Use : untuk mengungkapkan bahwa suatu aksi akan sudah berlangsung selama sekian lama, pada titik waktu tertentu di masa depan. Formula : (+) : S + will + have + been + Ving. (-) : S + will + not + have + been + Ving. (?) : Will + S + have + been + Ving? Time signals : for the next hour, for three months, at this time tomorrow Example : (+) They will have been renovating their office for two months. / Mereka akan telah sedang merenovasi kantor mereka selama dua bulan. (-) They will not have been renovating their office for two months. / Mereka tidak akan telah sedang merenovasi kantor mereka selama dua bulan. (?) Will they have been renovating their office for two months? / Apakah mereka akan telah sedang merenovasi kantor mereka selama dua bulan.
13. Simple Past Future Tense
Use : untuk kalimat yang tidak langsung, di mana di situ terdapat perubahan bentuk untuk menyesuaikan dengan rangkaian peristiwa yang ada. Formula : (+) : S + would + infinitive (V1). /S + was/were + going to + infinitive (V1). (-) : S + would + not + infinitive (V1). / S + was/were + not + going to + infinitive (V1). (?) : Would + S + infinitive (V1)? / Was/were + S + going to + infinitive (V1)? Time signals : in five days, the next day, the month before Example : (+) I would bring my camera if I knew the view was amazing. / Aku akan membawa kameraku kalau aku tahu pemandangannya luar biasa. (-) I wouldn’t bring my camera if I knew the view wasn’t amazing. / Aku tidak akan membawa kameraku kalau aku tahu pemandangannya tidak luar biasa. (?) Would you bring your camera if you knew the view was amazing? / Apakah kamu akan membawa kameramu kalau kamu tahu pemandangannya luar biasa? 14. Past Future Continuous Tense Use : untuk menyatakan situasi ataupun aksi imajiner yang sedang berlangsung, apabila kondisi tidak langsungnya terpenuhi. Artinya, past future continuous tense ini menekankan pada serangkaian atau durasi suatu aksi yang terjadi, dan juga bisa digunakan untuk kalimat tidak langsung. Formula : (+) : S + would + be + Ving. (-) : S + would + not + be + Ving. (?) : Would + S + be + Ving? Time signals : last sunday, that evening, that following, the day before Example : (+) We would be watching the performance if Sari wasn’t late. / Kita akan menonton penampilannya kalau Sari tidak terlambat. (-) We would not be watching the performance if Sari was late. / Kita tidak akan menonton penampilannya kalau Sari terlambat. (?) Would they be watching the performance if Sari wasn’t late? / Apakah mereka akan menonton penampilannya kalau Sari tidak terlambat?
15. Past Future Perfect Tense
Use : untuk membicarakan suatu aksi yang tidak terjadi di masa lalu. Formula : (+) : S + should/would + have + V3. (-) : S + should/would + not + have + V3. (?) : Should/would + S + V3? Time signals : one last week, this morning, in last year, at yesterday Example : (+) They would have cleaned the room when their neighbors came. / Mereka akan telah membersihkan ruangannya ketika tetangga mereka datang. (-) They wouldn’t have cleaned the room when their neighbors came. / Mereka belum membersihkan ruangannya ketika tetangga mereka datang. (?) Would they have cleaned the room when their neighbors came? / Apakah mereka akan telah membersihkan ruangannya ketika tetangga mereka datang?
16. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Use : untuk menyatakan sebuah aksi atau situasi imaginer sedang berlangsung, pada titik tertentu atau selama periode tertentu di masa lampau. Formula : (+) : S + should/would + have + been + Ving. (-) : S + should/would + not + have + been + Ving. (?) : Should/would + S + have + been + Ving? Time signals : by last, by may last year, by this august Example : (+) We should have been practicing our new dance. / Kami seharusnya sedang berlatih tarian baru kami. (-) We shouldn’t have been practicing our new dance. / Kami tidak seharusnya sedang berlatih tarian baru kami. (?) Should they have been practicing their new dance? / Apakah mereka seharusnya sedang berlatih tarian baru mereka? Source By : https://blog.cakap.com/belajar-16-tenses-bahasa-inggris/ https://eflfl.blogspot.com/2016/03/keterangan-waktu-simple-present- tense.html?m=1 http://english.supportscentre.com/keterangan-waktu-dalampresent- perfect-continuous-tense/ https://www.intraxenglish.com/past-perfect-continuous-tense/ #Keterangan_Waktu_time_signal_Past_Perfect_Continuous_Tense https://www.ruangguru.com/blog/future-continuous-tense-dan- fungsinya https://www.intraxenglish.com/future-perfect-tense/ https://www.intraxenglish.com/past-future-continuous-tense/ #Keterangan_Waktu_time_signal_Past_Future_Continuous_Tense https://www.kompas.com/skola/read/2020/11/11/154433769/rumus- 16-tenses-dan-contohnya? amp=1&page=2&jxconn=1*1w11zi6*other_jxampid*NXRZX2xPQ2 V2M3hsRUdVa05pQmJ6VFZWQTNRZ2pUMFpuUlNhT2FsM2Nhe HlPbk5QNnJwRG5TZ1BUQ1V1cFVhcg Lea Selvira XI IPS 5