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Coal Ash - 14 - 02 - 2020
Coal Ash - 14 - 02 - 2020
B H T ARIYARATHNE
Index No. 198325X
BACKGROUND
Coal Ash Production & Utilization at Lakvijaya power station
Utilization
Ash Type Production Up to 1st March After 1st March
2018 2018
• They have dumped rest of Ash(Fly Ash & Bottom Ash both together)
to the dumping yard near the power station.
Coal Ash Dumping Yard
• Chose desirable coal ash content for • Slope analyses were carried out by
maximum usage by the means of using finite element software ,
strength characteristics. GeoStudio.
50
30
1.50
20
10
0
.075 .150 .300 .425 .600 1.18 2.36 5 20 28 37.5 50 63
SIEVE NO.B.S.SERIES SIEVE OPENING mm(log scale) SQUARE
OPENINGS
Stage 1
• Coal Ash 20% & 30% + 30%,
• Soil
Stage 2
• Coal Ash 30%
• Cement 1%
+ 30 %
+ 1%
• Soil
Stage 3
• Coal Ash 30%
• Lime 2.3% + 30 %
+ 2.3 %
• Soil
Stage 4
• Coal Ash 30%
• Cement 1% + 30 %
+ 1%
+ 3%
• Lime 3%
Laboratory Investigations & Test Results
Natural Soil + 20% Ash Soil + 30% Ash
46
42
39
38
• Coal ash has pozzolanic
33
properties -that means they react
29
26
with water and free lime (calcium
NA
C
26
oxide) to produce a cement –like B
R
compound.
17
%
• Coal Ash percentage of 20% &
11
30% mix with soil
• 4 days soak CBR @ 98%
compaction was used
0
SOIL A SOIL B SOIL C SOIL D
52 46 33 22 22 23 59 36 40 36
Liquid Limit
24 23 9 8 7 6 24 8 20 9
Plasticity Index
1. Soil Mixed with Coal Ash
Stabilized Soil
Natural Soil (Soil + 30% Coal Ash)
Type Compatibility
LL PI CBR LL PI CBR
Soil A 52 24 17 33 9 46 Comply
Soil B 22 8 11 23 6 38 Comply
Soil C 59 24 29 36 8 42 Comply
Soil D 40 20 26 36 9 39 Comply
According to the above results, all the soils are suitable to use as a road sub
base construction material
2. Soil Mixed with Coal Ash & Cement
70
72%
60
• 1% of cement was added to the above C
mixture. B 50
10 11%
0
Natural Soil (B) Soil + 1% Cement Soil + 30% Ash Soil + 1% Cement + 30%
Ash
Liquid Limit 22 24 23 25
Plasticity Index 8 8 6 9
3. Soil Mixed with Coal Ash & Lime
According to the ASTM C 618
category of coal ash is class F. That
+ 30 %
+ 2.3 %
12 0
Natural Soil (D) Soil + 3% Lime Soil + 3% Lime + 30% Ash
10
PH VALUE
8
Liquid Limit 40 43 36
6
4 20 14 7
Plasticity Index
2
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
LIME CONTENT
4. Soil Mixed with Coal Ash, Cement & Lime
300
+ 30 %
+ 1%
+ 3%
12
10 50
PH VALUE
8
26%
6 0
4 Natural Soil Soil + 1% Cement + 3% Lime + Soil + 1% Cement + 3% Lime +
20% Ash 30% Ash
2
0 40 39 38
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Liquid Limit
LIME CONTENT
Plasticity Index 20 7 7
Leachate Test Results
This test was carried out to evaluate the mobilization of heavy metals (Lead &
Arsenic)
Type of Sample Lead Arsenic Specification
Limit
(mg/L) (mg/L)
* ND – Not Detected
Case 1 – Embankment to final height 4m with Case 2 – Embankment to final height 4m with
traffic load of 20 kPa – Low water level traffic load of 20 kPa – water level above 1m
Embankment Analysis Results
• High Embankment - over 4m high
Case 1 – Embankment to final height 4m with Case 2 – Embankment to final height 4m with
traffic load of 20 kPa – Low water level traffic load of 20 kPa – water level above 1m
CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS
• It is possible to stabilize marginal soil by adding maximum of 30%
coal ash by weight.
• Adding cement & lime would be a result of gaining high strength & it
reflects the use of this mixture as a proper road base subject to
investigate on other factors.
• Existing coal ash stock pile could be used as a bulk quantity for
Embankment filling by providing out cover of soil layer & HDPE
Geopolymer liner.
THANK YOU