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MII - Comunicare Profesionala in Limba Engleza
MII - Comunicare Profesionala in Limba Engleza
TEHNICIAN OPTOMETRIST
ANUL I
Modulul II
COMUNICARE PROFESIONALĂ ÎN
LIMBA ENGLEZĂ
Greeting People
Hello! / Hi!
Good morning!
Good afternoon!
Good evening!
Introducing People
What's your name?
My name is…
I am…
May I introduce myself?
Let me introduce you to Mr Smith!
Haven't we met (before)?
Yes, I think we have.
No, I don't think we have.
I think we've already met.
I don't think we've met (before).
This is…
Meet…
Have you met…?
Yes, I have.
No, I haven't.
Yes, I think I have.
No, I don't think I have.
Hello,… (name)!
Nice to meet you! (informal)
Pleased to meet you!
How do you do? (formal)
Nice to see you!
Nice to see you again!
Welcome!
Say Goodbye
(It was) nice meeting you.
Good bye!
Bye!/ See you!
See you later!
See you soon!
See you tomorrow!
See you next week.
Good night!
Have a nice day / evening!
Health
How are you?
How are you today?
Fine, thank you/thanks.
Not too bad.
Very well.
I'm OK / all right.
Not too well, actually.
What's wrong with you?
What's the matter with you?
Are you all right?
I'm tired.
I'm exhausted .
I've got a cold.
Other
Here you are.
You're welcome.
Sit down.
Take a seat.
Stand up.
2. - Buna!
- Buna! Ce mai faci?
- Bine, multumesc! Cum te cheama?
- Ma cheama Ana.
- Cati ani ai?
- Am 22 de ani.
- Trebuie sa plec, am o programare la optometrist.
- Imi pare bine de cunostinta!
- Si mie!
The noun ( Substantivul )
→ (es):ch,sh,ss,x,o,z:
→ consoana + y → i+es
→f (e) → v+es
substantive numai cu formǎ de singular care se acordǎ cu verbul numai la singular: sugar,
tea, water, coffee, oil, meat, money, homework, information, knowledge, furniture, music,
advice, love, friendship, courage.
Example: The money is in the wallet. Banii sunt in portofel.
substantive numai cu formǎ de plural care se acordǎ numai cu verbul la plural: glasses,
sunglasses, scissors, trousers, jeans, shorts, scales (cântar), pyjamas, glasses /spectacles,
spectacles, tongs (cleşte), nail clippers (unghierǎ), savings (economii), chemicals, goods
(bunuri), binoculars.
Example: Your glasses are over there. Ochelarii tai sunt acolo.
substantive cu formǎ numai de plural care se acordǎ cu verbul numai la singular: news,
mumps (oreion), measles (pojar), cards (cǎrţi), billiards, ninepins (popice).
Exercises:
I. Form the plural of the following nouns and translate them:
frame, fireman, appointment, office.
II. Translate into English:
1. Vreau o pereche de rame aurii.
2. Exista mai multe tipuri de lentile – de exemplu, sferice, cilindrice, bifocale.
3. Aceste lentile sunt din sticla fotocromatica. si nu din sticla obisnuita.
4. Indicele de refractie este foarte mare la acest tip de lentile.
5. Este ceva in neregula cu ochiul meu stang.
Adjectivul demonstrativ:
this (acest, aceasta) these (aceşti, aceste)
that (acel, acea) those (acei, acele)
example: These frames / rims fit my face perfectly and comfortably.
Adjectivul posesiv:
my (meu, mea, mei, mele)
your (tău, ta, tăi, tale)
his (lui, său, sa, săi, sale)
her (ei, său, sa, săi, sale)
its (lui, ei, său, sa, săi, sale)
our (nostru, noastră, noştri, noastre)
your (vostru, voastră, voştri, voastre)
their (lor)
but : This is not your spectacle case. ( Acesta nu este tocul tau de ochelari ). That is yours. (
Acela este al tau. )
Modulul II COMUNICARE PROFESIONALĂ ÎN LIMBA ENGLEZĂ
7
Colegiul UCECOM „Spiru Haret”
III. Form the degrees of comparison of the following adjectives ( Formati gradele de comparatie ale
urmatoarelor adjective):
thin ( subtire ) cheap ( ieftin )
thick ( gros ) easy ( usor)
big ( mare ) elegant ( elegant )
small ( mic ) pleasant ( placut )
Exercises:
I. Translate into English:
1. Am programare la doctor pentru luni dimineata, la ora 7.
2. Sunt nascuta in mai, nu in iunie.
3. Vara este anotimpul meu preferat.
4. Iti place rosul? Nu, sunt innebunita dupa galben foarte deschis.
5. Lui ii sta bine cu ramele acelea albastre.
6. Nu-i aminti ca nu am fost nicaieri vara trecuta.
7. Nu-mi place iarna. Este prea frig pentru mine.
8. Lui nu-i vine sa creada ca este miercuri si nu a invatat nimic.
9. 21 iunie este cea mai lunga zi a anului, iti vine sa crezi?
10. Nu-mi amintesc ziua lui de nastere.
11. Este innebunita dupa lunile de vara.
12. Pot sa ma duc la tehnicianul optometrist numai luni.
nephew, quite, nieces, better, already, thinner, pension, the best, age
1. She is plump and … short for her … , but she hopes she will get … .
2. Her brother, Mike, is … at sports and she is … at Maths in her class.
3. Richard' s parents have … retired on a … .
4. He is also an uncle and he has a … and two … .
Use the following words or others : warm, cloudy, rainy, sunny, cold, brightly, blizzard, hot,
misty, fogy, dust, stormy, etc.
1. How many seasons are there in a year?
2. In what season do you see flowers and birds?
3. What is the weather like during the summer?
4. Do you like autumn? Why? Why not? What is your favourite season?
For minutes 01 through 09, you can pronounce the '0' as oh.
Or:
Say the minutes first and then the hours. Use past and the preceding hour for minutes 01 through
30. Use to and the forthcoming hour for minutes 31 through 59, but .
00:00 – midnight … am
Examples:
7.00 It's five o'clock in the morning- dimineata / It's 7 a.m. / evening – seara / It's 7 pm.
Exercises:
I. What's the time? Express the time!
8.20, 15.05; 20.30; 21.45; 6.10; 7.40; 9.45; 10.15.
Exercises:
I. Make affirmative sentences from the following negative sentences:
1. I did not sleep well.
2. They didn't leave the town.
3. The student did not bring his book.
4. You didn't hear him speak.
5. My friend didn't think about it.
6. The Prime Minister didn't come.
7. She did not drive to Mr. John.
8. They didn't lose their key.
9. I didn't fly to Madrid.
10. The young actor didn't sing yesterday.
11. He didn't sell the ring.
12. Charlie did not wake at 8 yesterday.
Vision problems are conditions which you should address as soon as symptoms show up.
When you suddenly discover that you find the ad signs in the streets becoming blurry or when you
are beginning to force your eyes to see the finer prints on the newspaper, it is time that you make a
visit to an eye specialist. The optometrist is an eye care professional that you should go into
whenever vision problems plague your organs of sight.
When you go looking for an optometrist to treat your blurry vision, you will find that there are
many of them practicing in the field. With plenty of professionals out there, it becomes difficult to
select the one that is deemed the best. This leads many people to question - how do you find the
best optometrist for you?
For some, the best optometrists are those who can relate and make a good connection with
their patients. The professionals should work respectfully for their clients and even build a good
rapport. A friendlier optometrist makes people feel relaxed and be able to let them discuss and ask
more questions regarding their conditions. To find someone like this, you will have to rely on
personal experiences and encounters of others. Ask your friends whom they can recommend and
their reasons why. You may also do this and ask recommendations from other people using the
Internet.
II. Fill in the gaps with appropriate verbs in the Past Perfect Simple:
1. After I some tea, I sat down.
2. When all the letters, we went out to lunch.
3. When Alice the furniture, Bill brought in the paint.
4. He the office when he has knocked down by a bus.
III. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct verbal tense and translate them:
1. Even patients who (have) recent attacks have to indulge in physical exercises. 2.
Patients who (have) a relatively minor operation had to stay in bed. 3. When I met him he (work)
in the hospital for three years. 4. When the nurse came in the ward John (sleep) for some hours. 5.
The doctor (prepare) himself for the operation since he came to the hospital. 6. We (take) medical
exercise for a week when we we were told to cease them. 7. When the hospital staying was over, I
(stay) there for eight days. 8. You (attend) treatment since the first sezure. 9. John (be) away from
the hospital for two days when his friend learned about it. 10. By the end of the month they (visit)
a lot of specialized hospitals. 11. The doctor told me that he (be) confident the disease could be
controlled.
CAN - exprima capacitatea fizica sau intelectuala; pentru a exprima imposibilitatea sau
neincrederea; pentru a exprima permisiunea in limbajul neoficial; pentru a exprima continuitatea
verbelor de perceptie. * COULD – este forma de trecut a verbului CAN.
MAY / MIGHT - cand se cere permisiunea in mod oficial, politicos; exprima posibilitatea;
exprima o dorinta.
MUST - cand se exprima o obligatie interna (subiectiva, personala); pentru a exprima o
deductie logica, o concluzie.
OUGHT TO / SHOULD - se foloseste cu precadere pentru a exprima o recomandare.
SHALL - pentru a exprima solicitarea unui sfat, o ofertă sau o sugestie ( Folosit cu persoana
I, interogativ ); pentru a exprima o promisiune, o obligaţie sau o ameninţare care provin de la cel
care vorbeşte; ( Folosit cu persoanele II şi III) ; pentru a exprima o hotarare; pentru a exprima o
interdictie in acte oficiale.
WILL / WOULD - arata un ordin; exprima vointa; o promisine; o invitatie; o cerere
politicoasa ( would ). *Dar: WOULD present conditional: I would dance. ( As dansa. ) si past
conditional: I would have written. ( Eu as fi scris. )
NEED / NOT NEED - este folosit pentru a exprima necesitatea sau lipsa acesteia.
USED TO - este folosit doar la Past Tense, pentru a exprima o actiune repetata, un obicei
trecut, care nu mai este precticat in prezent; o actiune repetata, un obicei trecut, care mai este
practicat si in prezent.
DARE - se foloseste cu sensul de "a indrazni", in special in propozitii interogative si negative.
Exercises:
Conditional clauses
( Propozitiile conditionale )
In limba engleza exista 3 tipuri de conditionale, in functie de tipul actiunii indicate: reala,
pozibila sau imposibila.
Exercises:
I. Traduceti in Engleza:
1. El iti va scrie daca tu ii vei scrie.
2. El ti-ar scrie daca tu i-ai scrie.
3. El ti-ar fi scris daca tu i-ai fi scris.
4. Noi alergam daca vrem sa slabim.
5. Noi am alerga daca am vrea sa slabim.
6. Noi am fi alergat daca am fi vrut sa slabim.
7. Tu inveti daca vrei sa stii.
8. Tu ai invata daca ai vrea sa stii.
9. Tu ai fi invatat daca ai fi vrut sa stii.
One of the most important parts of our body is the eye. The eyesight is a particular kind of
sensitivity, adapted to perceive and analyze electromagnetic waves width between 323nm and 594.
The eyesight plays a special part in life of superior life forms due to the huge amount of
information received from the exterior world. This information interferes with cortical diffuse
activity and thus it contributes to their adaptation to environment, to spatial orientation and to keep
the balancing of the body.
The optical system of the eye is part of the eyeball and it is made up of for refractive media:
cornea, watery humor, crystalline lens and vitreous body. These have, due to cornea and crystalline
lens, a positive convergence that makes it possible for images to be projected on the retina.
The eyeball is placed in the eye socket. It's shape is almost spherical and the fore part is less
curved. It is made up of three stratified membranes:
Sclerotic at exterior; at the anterior eye pole it is transparent and it is called cornea.
Choroid, which is the obscure room of the eye; it contains a pigmented ring – the iris. In the
middle of the iris there is the pupil orifice. The colour of the eye is given by the irian
pigment with shades from brown to black. Crystalline lens is biconvex and transparent.
Retina, the third membrane, has a complex structure.
Vocabulary:
eyesight – vedere
sensitivity – sensibilitate
to perceive – a percepe
with waves width between – cu lungimea de unda cuprinsa intre
balancing of the body – echilibrul corpului
to be made up of - a fi alcatuit din
eyeball – glob ocular
eye socket – orbita
crystalline lens – cristalin
choroid – coroida
curved – curbat
watery humour – umoarea apoasa
Exercises:
II. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate adjectives at different comparison degrees:
1. As soon as she gets those glasses she will certainly say: “Look now! My glasses
have the ( beautiful ) …..... rims in the whole world. I am the ( happy ) ….....
person! Don't you think so?” And he will be obliged to say: “Yes, of course. These
glasses are for sure ( good ) .......... than mine”.
2. What is the ( last ) .......... information you've got?
3. Contact lenses are ( expensive ) ......... than the usual lenses but they are (comfortable).
4. She had the ( blue ) ......... eyes and the ( ugly ) spectacles I have ever seen.
5. They can't learn about the ( last ) …..... news in optometry unless they buy the
( good ) ..........magazines.
6. Binocular vision is one of the ( much ) .......... researched aspects of optometry.
Vision therapy
Not all vision problems can be corrected by spectacles or contact lenses. Some people, including
many children, have difficulty in co-coordinating their two eyes.
In order to see something clearly, both eyes must be aimed accurately at the object and focused at
the right distance. Any problem with the aiming or focusing of the eyes can cause a variety of
symptoms, including intermittent double vision, blurred vision, headaches and feeling of eyestrain.
Children with these problems often do not complain about them, but may simply avoid tasks such as
reading that are difficult or cause discomfort.
Vision is the process of deriving meaning from what is seen. It involves more than visual acuity
(the ability to distinguish fine details). Vision involves fixation and eye movement abilities,
accommodation (focusing), convergence (eye aiming), binocularity (eye teaming), eye-hand
coordination and visual form perception. Vision is not entirely innate but continues to develop after
birth and is influenced by the visual environment and the individual's experience. If a person's
visual system has not developed to its optimal level, visually demanding activities may lead to
inefficient or uncomfortable vision.
Vision therapy (also referred to as visual training) is a program aimed at remediating and enhancing
an individual's visual abilities. Its function is to :
Treat existing visual problems such as amblyopia (lazy eye), eye alignment problems, eye
coordination problems, poorly sustained near focus, inadequate eye-hand coordination and
immature perceptual development
Enhance the efficiency and comfort of visual function
Help prevent some visual problems
Vocabulary:
in order to – pentru a, ca sa
to aim – a tinti, a indrepta
to focus – a focaliza
blur – obscuritate, lipsa de claritate
blurred vision – imagine neclara
strain – tensiune, incordare
eyestrain – tensiune oculara
to complain about – a se plange de
task – sarcina de lucru
Modulul II COMUNICARE PROFESIONALĂ ÎN LIMBA ENGLEZĂ
Colegiul UCECOM „Spiru Haret”
entirely – in intregime
to demand – a cere
to enhance – a imbogati
alignment – indreptare
poorly – slab
focusing – focalizare
visual form perception – perceptia formei vizuale
aimed at – cu scopul de a …
Exercises:
You ought to know what to do to help a person who is choking, how to give first aid. First,
you stand behind the choking victim and put your arms around her or his waist. Second, you make a
fist and place the thumb side against the person stomach. Third, grasp your fist with your other hand
and press into the victims abdomen. Repeat this action if necessary.
Vocabulary:
ought to – trebuie
to choke – a se ineca cu ( mancare )
behind - in spatele
waist – piept
fist – pumn
to grasp – a apuca
first aid – primul ajutor
Optometrists
In many countries, Optometrists are health specialists trained to examine the human visual
system for eye disease, general health problems and other defects. ( Are you short or long sighted?
Do you have eye-movement problems or cataracts? Are you colour blind? ).
They carry out full eye examinations and prescribe and dispense corrective lenses, including
contact lenses.
The practice of Optometry requires an intimate knowledge of vision and while some of the
functions depend just on the non-neural components of the eye, the neural retina itself is actually
part of the brain. By processing retinal information in this way, it is possible to perceive and make
sense of the world around us and Neuroscience helps us understand this process. Thus the work of
neuroscientists and optometrists is complementary, each strengthening the research efforts of the
other.
Vocabulary:
to train – a instrui
short-sighted – miop
long-sighted – presbit
colour-blind – persoana care sufera de daltonism
to carry out – a face, a indeplini
to dispense – a prescrie
full eye examination – examen ocular complet
to require – a necesita ( aici ), a cere
intimate knowledge – cunoastere profunda
non-neural components – componente non-neurale
actually – de fapt
to process – a procesa, a analiza
to make sense of – a da inteles
to strengthen – a intari
Exercises:
I. Translate the text.
Despite the popularity of contact lenses and vision corrective surgeries, eyeglasses are still
popular among most people. Eyeglasses with different kinds of frame styles coming from highly
profiled designers are always in high demand. And with the advent of the latest types of metals and
plastics, eye glasses still continue to evolve with time.
When looking for the right materials for safety glasses, consider the ones that are made of
tough plastics such as polycarbonate. However, if you have skin allergies, you may want to opt for
metals such as the popular titanium or stainless steel. To reduce the likelihood of breakage, certain
frames are now made with metal alloys that are extremely flexible. And for added durability, spring
hinges are a great choice when choosing an eye-wear for your children.
One reason why eyeglasses remain popular is that it can be used as a great accessory for
fashion. Eyeglasses now come in different styles and colors to mix and match all kinds of
wardrobes. Also, popular frame styles are now made of different kinds of colored inlays, designer
emblems, composite materials, and various insets of expensive stones for frame enhancement.
Rimless styles are also popular among eyeglass wearers. The rimless styles can be a wearer’s
understated way of wearing eyeglasses without showing it frame. This involves metal and/or plastic
temples attached directly to the lenses rather than attached to a frame.
Now for the lenses, there are many options to choose from for your ideal glasses. The
aspheric, high index, polycarbonate, photochromic, polarized, and anti-reflective coating lenses are
among of the most popular lens types that offer good options. Aspheric lenses are more attractive
than other lenses since it has a slimmer profile and eliminates the bug-eye look from prescription
lenses. High index lenses are made of new materials which allow the lenses to appear lighter and
thinner than its regular plastic lens counterpart. Polycarbonate lenses are impressively 10 times
more resistant to impacts compared to a regular plastic lens. These lenses also appear thinner,
lighter and are great option for safety glasses, eye-wear for children, and for everybody who prefers
lightweight and durable lenses. The photochromic lenses are designed for individuals with eyes that
are sensitive to sunlight. The lenses quickly turn dark in response to bright conditions and returns
just as quickly to a clear lens with ordinary lighting. Polarized lenses are designed to reduce glare
caused by reflective surfaces like water and also for reduction of fatigued eye. And for eye lens add-
ons, the anti-reflective coating for lenses have the ability to dramatically enhance comfort and
appearance of glasses by minimizing the light’s reflection off the lens surface which also functions