Types of elevators in terms of mechanism

In the past, most elevators had to be controlled through a central machine room. Today, there are some
elevators that don’t need a machine room because they have a built-in safety mechanism. There are
three main types of elevators: Hydraulic elevators, Traction elevators, Machine-Room-Less Elevators.

Hydraulic elevators:

The hydraulic elevators supported by a piston in the lower part of the elevator, the elevator pushed up
as the electric motor pushes oil or other hydraulic fluid into the piston, and the elevator descends when
the liquid valve is released from the piston. It  used for low-rise installations of 2-8 floors, with a top
speed of 200 feet per minute.

Conventional hydraulic elevators

 have a sheave that extends below the floor of the elevator pit, which receives the retraction piston
while the elevator is descending. Some configurations have an interlocking piston that collapses and
requires a shallow hole below the hole. The maximum travel distance is about 60 feet.

Hole-less Hydraulic Elevators

 have a piston on either side of the cabin. In this design, the interlocking pistons fixed at the base of the
hole and do not require a sheave or a hole below the hole, since the interlocking pistons allow a
distance of up to 50 feet.

Roped Hydraulic Elevators

 use a mixture of ropes and a piston to move the elevator, and the maximum travel distance is about 60
feet.

Traction Elevators

This elevator contains ropes that pass over a wheel connected to an electric motor located above the
column,
as the main function of ropes is to raise and lower the elevator compartment.
It can be used in both medium and high installations and can move faster than hydraulic elevators.
Traction elevators are divided into two basic types

Gear traction elevator

It consists of a motor that has a gearbox attached to it,

and the main function of the gears is to operate the wheel that drives the ropes.
This kind of elevator can travel at speeds of up to 500 feet per minute, and the maximum distance that it
can travel is 250 feet.
 Gearless traction elevator

These elevators do not have a gearbox to regulate the speed,

which explains why they can move at speeds of up to 2000 feet per minute.
Gearless elevators use to power a little more efficiently than traction elevators with Troyes,and they can
also travel a maximum of 2000 feet,so they are the best choice of skyscraper.

Machine-Room-Less Elevators

These elevators are traction elevators, but without a machine room connected above the shaft, the
engine positioned in the space above the cabin.
You can reach the engine from the top of the elevator cabin for repairs or maintenance,
and the non-room elevators characterized by a speed of travel up to 500 feet per minute and
a maximum travel distance of 250 feet. Energy consumption of machine room-free elevators is relatively
low compared to traction elevators,
and these elevators are also becoming increasingly popular in medium-height installations due to their
operation,reliability, and energy efficiency.

Types of elevators in terms of use

There are many types of elevators with different purposes, and after understanding the mechanism,
understanding the different uses of elevators is essential to determine the appropriate elevator for your
location and your transportation needs. Because of the frequent use of elevators in several sectors,
there are wide types of elevators available:

 Passenger elevator

 Cargo elevator

 Car elevator

 Home elevator

 Disabled people elevator

 Theater elevator

 Boat elevator

 Dumbwaiter