SQL Revision

Q) To display the details of all the passengers.

Ans:
Select *
From Passenger ;

Select * From Passenger ;

Q) To display Passenger no and name of all the

passengers.
Ans:
Select PNO, Name
From Passenger ;

Select PNO And Name

From Passenger ;

Select PNO, Name From Passenger ;

Where : To extract specific rows.

Q) To display those flight details starting with „Delhi‟.

Ans:
Select *
From Flight
Where Start = “delhi” ;

Relational operators
>, <, >=, <=, =, !=

Logical Operators
And, Or, Not

Q) To display the details of those flight starting with

Delhi and whose destination is „Mumbai‟.
Ans:
Select *
From Flight
Where Start = “Delhi” And End = “Mumbai” ;

Date : After >, Before <

Q) To display the details of those flight whose flight

date is after „2021-05-20‟.
Ans:
Select *
From Flight
Where F_Date > “2021-05-20” ;

Distinct : To display the different values of a column.

It is used to eliminate the redundancy from the
result of select command

Q)To display all the different endings from flight table.

Ans:
Select Distinct End
From Flight
Chennai
Bengaluru
Mumbai

NULL : Empty
With NULL IS NULL/ IS NOT NULL operator is used.
= operator is not used.

Q) To display the details of those flights whose fare is

not entered/known.
Ans:
Select *
From Flight
Where Fare IS NULL ;

Q) To display the details of those flights whose fare is

entered/known.
Ans:
Select *
From Flight
Where Fare IS NOT NULL ;

Order By
Q) To display the details of all the flights in ascending
order of fare.
Ans:
Select *
From Flight
Order By Fare Asc;

Q) To display the details of all the flights in

descending order of fare.
Ans:
Select *
From Flight
Order By Fare Desc;

Q) To display the details of all the flights whose origin

is Delhi in descending order of fare.
Ans:
Select *
From Flight
 Where Start = “Delhi”
Order By Fare Desc;

Q) To display the details of all the flights whose origin

is Delhi and fare is more than 10000 in descending order
of fare.
Ans:
Select *
From Flight
Where Start = “Delhi” And Fare > 10000
Order By Fare Desc;

Like :
% : It is used to replace none, one or more characters.
_ : It is used to replace only single character.

“M%” : Starting with M

“%M” : Ending with M
“%M%” : Name contain M ( M at any place)
“_M%” : M at 2nd place.
“__M%” : M at 3rd place.
“______” : name contain only six characters.
“%Kumar” : Ending with Kumar

Q) To display the details of those passengers whose name

start „S‟.
Ans:
Select *
From Passenger
Where name Like “S%” ;

Q) To display the name of those female passengers whose

name ends with „verma‟.
Ans:
Select Name
From Passenger
Where Gender = “Female” And Name Like “%Verma” ;

Q) To display the name of those female passengers whose

name does not ends with „verma‟.
Ans:
Select Name
From Passenger
Where Gender = “Female” And Name Not Like “%Verma”;

Between : It is used to specify range.

Q) To display the details of those flights whose fare is

in the range of 5000 to 10000.
Ans:
Select *
From Flight
Where fare Between 5000 And 10000 ;

Q) To display the details of those flights that are

ending at “Mumbai” and fare is in the range of 5000 to
10000.
Ans:
Select *
From Flight
Where End = “Mumbai” And fare Between 5000 And 10000 ;

Q) To display the details of those flights that are

ending at “Mumbai” and fare is not in the range of 5000
to 10000.
Ans:
Select *
From Flight
Where End = “Mumbai” And fare Not Between 5000 And 10000;
Q) To display the details of those flights where year of
flight date 2015.
Ans
Select *
From flight
Where F_Date Between “2015-01-01” And “2015-12-31” ;

IN : it is used to specify list of values.

Q) To display the flight no and fare of those flights

whose starting is from delhi, mumbai or Chennai.
Ans:
 Select FNO, Fare
From Flight
Where Start IN(“Delhi”, “Mumabi”, “Chennai” );
OR

Ans:
Select FNO, Fare
From Flight
Where Start = “Delhi” OR Start = “Mumabi” OR Start =
“Chennai” ;

Q) To display the flight no and fare of those flights

whose starting is from delhi, mumbai or Chennai and
ending at “bengaluru”.
Ans:
Select FNO, Fare
From Flight
Where Start IN(“Delhi”, “Mumabi”, “Chennai” ) And End
= “Bengaluru” ;

Q) To display the flight no and fare of those flights

whose starting is other than delhi, mumbai or Chennai.
Ans:
Select FNO, Fare
From Flight
Where Start NOT IN(“Delhi”, “Mumabi”, “Chennai” );
Update : It is used to modify the data of a table.

Q) To change the fare to 6500 of flight no „F103‟.

Ans:
Update Flight
Set Fare = 6500
Where FNO = “F103” ;

Q)To increase the fare of all the flights by 5%.

Ans:
Update Flight
Set Fare = fare + Fare*0.05 ;

Q) To display the flight no and increased fare by 500 of

those flights that are starting from delhi.
Ans:
Select FNO, Fare+500
From Flight
Where Start= “delhi “ ;

Delete : it is used to delete the data/row from the

table.
Delete from Flight ;

Q) To delete the details of those flight that are ending

at „mumbai‟.
Ans:
Delete from flight
Where End = “Mumbai” ;
Drop Table : To delete table structure
Drop Table Flight ;

Describe/Desc : it is used to display the table

structure.

Desc Flight;

Multi Row Functions/Group Functions/Aggregate Functions

Max(), Min(), Count(), Avg(), Sum()

Q) To display the largest amount of fare.

Ans:
Select max(Fare)
From Flight ;

5500

Q) To display the maximum and minimum fare amount of

flights ending at Chennai.
Ans:
Select Max(Fare), Min(Fare)
From Flight
Where End = “Chennai” ;

Max(Fare) Min(Fare)
5500 4500
Count() : To count/display number of something

Count(*) : it counts number of rows

Count(col_name) : It counts not null values of the
column.

Select Count(*) from flight ;

5

Select Count(Fare) from flight;

4

Select Count(F_Date) from flight;

5

Q) Select Count(*) from Flight;

Select Count(Fare) from flight;

Above two statements are giving different outputs. What

may be the possible reason.

Ans:
If Above two statements are giving different outputs,
it means there are some null values in Fare column.

Group By : it is used to divide the rows of a table into

different groups.
Q) To display the maximum and minimum fare start wise.
Q) To display the maximum and minimum fare of each start.
Ans:
Select Start, Max(Fare), Min(Fare)
From Flight
Group By Start ;

Start Max(Fare) Min(Fare)

Mumbai 4500 4000
Delhi 5500 5000
Kolkata 4500 4500

Q) To display average fare and number of flights

Destination wise.
Ans:
Select End, Avg(fare), Count(*)
From Flight
Group By End;

End Avg(Fare) Count(*)

Chennai 5000 2
Bengaluru 2
Mumbai 1

Q) To display average fare and number of flights whose

destination is Chennai and Bengaluru.
Ans:
Select End, Avg(fare), Count(*)
From Flight
Group By End
Having End IN(“Chennai”, “Bengaluru”);