The „ACADEMIC

WORLD‟ and
the „REAL WORLD‟
are not the
same.
The real world is where we
experience our lives – we
live and work, raise children,
play or watch sport, spend
time with family and friends
and interact with the
natural world. A lot of what
we know about the real
world is from our
experiences. (Levin, 2004)
The academic world on the
other hand is one of theories, explanations,
ideas and critiques. We can’t experience them
the same way as we experience the real
world, through seeing, hearing, touching,
tasting, smelling. In the academic world we
learn from what is spoken, or more often
written, about the world. This means that in
the academic world you learn at second hand,
from what other people have written,
rather than from your own
experience. (Levin, 2004)
Describe
this 
Think critically
about this bottle of
water. What else do
we know?
Vocabulary
List
1. 🡪 how the important points, moments or events are
organized and emphasized in a text.
2. 🡪 any meaningful written material
3. 🡪 formal written materials that provides information
and/or professional opinion related to specific discipline or
profession.
4. 🡪 the abstract parts that composes a whole.
5. 🡪 the most important message that the entire written
article tries to prove.
6 _ 🡪 technically either the first paragraph or the first
heading of long academic papers that are divided into
several parts.
7. 🡪 technically either the last paragraph or the last heading
of long academic papers that are divided into several
parts.
8 🡪 the paragraphs that are in between the introduction
and conclusion.
 ACADEMIC TEXT NON – ACADEMIC TEXT
Characteristics
Scholarly Audience
Audience
STRUCTURE Public

To inform Purpose
STRUCTURE To Entertain
Introduction-
STRUCTURE
Body- No Fixed Structure
Conclusion
LANGUAGE
Formal Contains Slang
Objective STYLE
Subjective

Related Literature SOURCE OF CONTENT Everyday Events

Research Papers, Reports EXAMPLE Diaries, Informal Essays

Six General Classifications of Academic Texts?
Reaction
Essay defines an
idea or a
Paper
concept and an informed and
generally the insightful
clarifies its
proforma for perspective on art,
‘whatness’;
all analytical popular culture,
compositions and a technical
Concept
topic
Paper
Report Research
asserts an
argument Retells data, Highly formal
incident, or kind of
event Reports
Position
Paper
 Text
Structure
 3 Parts of Composition

INTRODUCTION

aims to make a good impression on BODY

readers.
composed of several CONCLUSION
common strategies used in opening an paragraphs that
essay, such as telling a story (anecdote cohesively discuss the
or parable), thesis. leaves the
quoting a reputable person, using These paragraphs are
impression that
sayings, mentioning startling facts like your means to lead
statistics, citing a law your readers, so they the topic has
or the Bible, asking rhetorical questions, can make sense of your been relevantly
or sharing a personal experience and composition. and thoroughly
realization. dealt with.
has many jobs to do in a very short space. You need to move
efficiently from an overview of the topic area, to an articulation
of the issue suggested by the focus of the question, to a
summary of the argument in one concise sentence.
  A thesis statement is the most important
sentence in the introduction of an essay
because it clearly states what the essay will be
about
 the one sentence gist or summary of your
What is a entire paper.
Thesis  All your evidence and discussion in the body
will revolve around your thesis.
statement?  This comes usually at the end of the first
paragraph or in the second paragraph.
 Beginning writers can introduce the thesis this
way: “Thus, this paper is written to prove…,”
“For this reason, this essay will focus on…,” “In
this paper, you will understand…,” “In order
to discuss …, this position paper will analyze…”
or etc.
 An introduction should include the following:

Background information
This is usually made up of one
Thesis or two sentences to introduce
statement the topic
This introduces and give background
the main topic information.
or argument on
which the text
is based.

Outline
Scope The outline lets the
This section is reader know what the
only needed if the text covers, and how it
focus of the text is organised
is narrowed. It
lets the reader
know the focus of
the text
 should
introduce one main idea
and provide supporting
evidence that elaborates
the main idea. This
supporting evidence
needs
to be referenced with in
text referencing.
 It useful to refer to the various important themes and
concepts that have appeared in the text, and to allude to
the more general implications of the argument you have
presented. The conclusion should not introduce any
idea that has not already been addressed in the body
of the text.
40%
About narrative
writing
Venus has a beautiful name and is
the second planet from the Sun

When to use it
Mercury is the closest planet to the
Sun and the smallest one

Examples
Despite being red, it’s a cold place.
It’s full of iron oxide dust