HOUSING

HOUSING PROBLEMS IN INDIA:

 Lack of investments and funds

 Lack of building materials like red bricks, timber, steel sections, flats, angles, rods,
etc., as well as glass, tiles, sanitary-wares and cement and sand, as well as lime and
plaster.
 Lack of a definite housing program.
 Non-availability of low-cost housing ideas to be built for village and rural areas.
HOUSING SCHEMES IN INDIA:

 Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY)- Urban: Aims to provide housing for all by
2022. It offers an interest subsidy for home loans for first-time homebuyers in urban
areas. It is applicable in all states and UTs.
 Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Gramin: Earlier known as Indira Awas Yojana, is an
affordable housing scheme focusing on homeless families and providing them with
pucca houses with basic amenities. This government housing scheme offers financial
assistance and shares the cost of construction with the state.
 Rajiv Awas Yojana: launched in 2009, aims to bring all illegal constructions within a
formal system to encourage a slum-free India. Under it, the center has approved the
scheme as Affordable Housing in Partnership or AMP.
 National Slum Development Program (NSDP): 1996, sought to improve slum
conditions all over India. The government invested in constructing amenities while
the beneficiaries received loans to upgrade their houses.
 Basic Services for Urban Poor (BSUP): BSUP planned to build affordable housing for
urban poor people, with an anticipated cost of INR 3,000 per housing unit from
government agencies. The government opted to pay an approximate 88 percent
housing subsidy for the same, with the beneficiary contributing the remaining 12
percent.

CLASSIFICATION OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS:

1. Detached houses: A detached house is a stand-alone residential structure that
does not share outside walls with another house or building. Also called a
separate house or a single-detached dwelling.
The advantages of a detached house are that it offers privacy, provides distance
between neighbors, and offers more floor space compared to attached housing.
The homeowner also has the advantage of adding additional rooms if needed. A
detached house has no property management fees such as those associated with
townhouses and condominiums.
2. Semi-Detached houses: This house shares a wall with an existing structure,
making it more affordable than a detached house but not as private.
 A semi-detached home offers the best of both worlds: the independence of a0
single-family home combined with the affordability and social benefits of an
apartment.
3. Row of houses: Row houses are single-family homes, very much like a bungalow
with a differentiation that similar homes are arranged in a row, giving it the name
of row houses. A row house development will have a minimum of three
properties side by side but they do not share the same stairway or exits. All row
houses have a uniform layout and home buyers can customize it at their own
level and expense. Row houses are spacious and offer a premium lifestyle and
aesthetic appeal.
4. Apartment/flats: Both an Apartment and a Flat are both used to denote a place
where someone can live.  And both terms mean multiple rooms in a larger
building meant to house people. 
An apartment was originally called so because they were compartmentalized
units that different people lived in on the same floor. 
A flat is called so because the entire floor is typically rented to one tenant.  The
building a flat is in typically has more than one story, which each entire story
rented out to a single tenant.
5. Skyscraper: A skyscraper is a tall continuously habitable building having multiple
floors. Modern sources currently define skyscrapers as being at least 100 meters
(330 ft) or 150 meters (490 ft) in height, though there is no universally accepted
definition. Skyscrapers are very tall high-rise buildings.
Skyscrapers may host offices, hotels, residential spaces, and retail spaces.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DETACHED AND SEMI-DETACHED HOUSES:
Detached homes are stand-alone houses that are not connected to any other properties,
while semi-detached homes are two houses that share a common wall. Because they
don’t have any attached properties, detached homes usually offer more privacy and
space than semi-detached homes.
They also tend to be more expensive because you’re buying an entire property rather
than half of one. Semi-detached homes can be a good option for people who want to
own their own home but can’t afford a detached property.
They’re often smaller and easier to maintain than detached homes, and you usually have
a neighbor close by if you need help with anything.