Aim: To analyse the given salt for acid radicals and basic radicals

Physical Characteristics:
State: Solid Colour: White
Odour: No characteristic smell Solubility: Soluble in water
Experiment Observation Inference

1. Dry test tube heating: A colourless gas having pungent Cl- may be present
smell evolved
A pinch of the sample is heated in
a dry test tube

2. Flame Test:

Flame test is performed with An apple green flame is observed Ba2+ may be absent
conc. HCl

3. Borax bead test: Cu2+, Ni2+ , Co2+ , Mn2+, Fe3+ may

be absent
This test is not performed
since the given salt is white

4. Dil. H2SO4 test: No characteristic observation CO32-, S2-, NO2-, SO32- may be
absent
A pinch of the sample is added to
dil. H2SO4 in a test tube and then
it is heated

5. Conc. H2SO4 test: Colourless gas with pungent Cl- may be present
smell; deep white fumes when a
A pinch of the sample is added to
glass rod dipped in NH4OH is held
conc. H2SO4 in a test tube and
at the mouth of the test tube
then it is heated

6. Confirmatory test for Cl-: A white ppt. soluble in NH4OH is Cl- is present and confirmed
obtained.
An aqueous solution of the
sample is acidified with dil.HNO3
in a test tube and AgNO3 solution
is added

7. Test for NH4+: No ammonia gas is evolved NH4+ is absent

A pinch of the sample is heated

with conc. NaOH solution

8. Preparation of Original Solution is obtained It is labelled as Original Solution

Solution (O.S.): (O.S.)

A small portion of the sample is

dissolved in water by shaking and
the following tests are carried out
with this solution

9. To a part of the O.S., 1-2 ml of No ppt. is formed Group I is absent (Pb2+ is absent)
dil. HCl is added

10. Through the above solution, No ppt. is formed Group II absent (Pb2+,Cu2+ absent)
H2S is passed

11. To the remaining solution, No ppt. is formed Group III absent (Fe3+, Al3+
Small amount of solid NH4Cl is absent)
added, Solution is boiled, cooled
and excess NH4OH is added
 12. Through a part above No ppt. is formed Group IV absent (Zn2+, Mn2+,
solution, H2S is passed Co2+,Ni2+ absent)

13. To the remaining ammoniacal White ppt. is formed Group V present (Ca2+, Ba2+, Sr2+
solution, ammonium carbonate present)
solution is added

(Since the colour of the flame is

apple green) White ppt. is filtered
and dissolved in hot dil. CH3COOH
A yellow ppt. is formed Ba2+ is confirmed
14. Confirmatory test for Ba2+:

(i) To a part of above solution

potassium chromate solution is
added.

(ii) Flame test is performed with

white/yellow ppt.

An apple green flame is observed Ba2+ is confirmed

Result: The given salt contains Ba2+ as basic radical and Cl- as acid radicals. Therefore, the given salt is
BaCl2