Biology: CB1c-CB1d Keywords

CB1c Keywords: Specialised Cells

● Acrosome- A small vacuole in the tip of a sperm cell's head that contains enzymes.
● Adaptations- The characteristics of something that allow it to perform a specific function job.
● Adapted- Changed to suit a function.
● Ciliated epithelial cell- A cell with cilia on its surface that lines certain tubes in the body.
● Cilium- Some cells have a small hair-like structure on their surface. (Plural form is cilia.)
● Digestion- A method of reducing molecules to smaller, more soluble pieces.
● Diploid- Cell with 2 sets of chromosomes.
● Egg cell- Female gamete.
● Embryo- An organism in its early stages, before hatching from an egg
● Enzyme- Speeds up process in living things (e.g breaking down molecules)
● Epithelial cell- Cell found on the surfaces of parts of the body.
● Fertilisation- Male gamete fusing with female gamete.
● Gamete- Cell used for sexual reproduction.
● Haploid- Cell with one set of chromosomes.
● Microvillus- A fold on a villus cell's surface. These folds increase the surface area of the stomach,
allowing digested food to be absorbed more quickly. The plural form is microvilli.
● Oviduct- Fertilisation occurs here as
● Specialised cell- A cell that is adapted for a certain specific function.
● Sperm cell- Male gamete.

CB1d Keywords: Inside Bacteria

● Chromosomal DNA- Although DNA is found in chromosomes, the term is frequently used to describe the
large loop of DNA found in bacteria.
● DNA- Contains genetic information. It stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid.
● Flagellum- A rotating tail-like structure that allows a unicellular organism to move. (Plural Flagella.)
● Index- A small raised number following a unit or another number to indicate how many times it should
be multiplied by itself. For example, 10(to the power of 3) means to multiply 10 by 3 (10 10 10).
● Plasmid- A small loop of DNA found in bacteria's cytoplasm.
● Plasmid DNA- DNA found in plasmid.
● Prokaryote- A cell with no nucleus is prokaryotic. Prokaryotic organisms include bacteria, which have
these types of cells.
● Standard form- A very large or very small number written as a power of ten multiplied by a number
between 1 and 10. A 10n, where A is between 1 and 10, and n is the powerof 10.