Pipe

About Nucor Skyline

Nucor Skyline, your true project partner

We are a premier steel foundation manufacturer and supplier, serving the North American market.
Skyline Steel, LLC (doing business as Nucor Skyline) is a Nucor company, the largest producer of steel in
the United States, and this relationship strengthens our ability to service our customers and the industry.

• Over 20 Sales Offices in North America

• Manufacturing, Coating and Fabrication Expertise
• Dozens of Stocking Locations
• Exclusive Engineering Support

Our flagship products include an unparalleled assortment of:

• H-Piles • Geostructural Products

• Steel Sheet Piles • Wide Flange and other Structural Sections
• Pipe Piles • Piling Accessories

Nucor Skyline’s knowledgeable engineering team works with owners, engineers, and contractors long
before ground is broken. To ensure seamless project coordination and completion, our engineers propose
solutions throughout all aspects of design, material selection, installation, and construction sequencing.
Skyline’s engineering support is extended even further to include provision of onsite assistance after a
project has started. Our relationships extends beyond sales – we are your true project partner.
 Steel Pipe from Nucor Skyline
Nucor Skyline has vast experience in manufacturing pipe piling
products for the North American steel foundation industry. With
our strategically located manufacturing plants, we can service the
needs of any public or private project throughout the region.
• Wide Range of Diameters, Thicknesses and Lengths
−ERW
Straight Seam: From 2-3/8” to 24” OD;
Up to 0.625” Thickness
−Spiralweld:
Up to 120” OD; 1” Thickness
−Rolled
& Welded: Up to 204” OD; 2.25” Thickness
−Micropile:
5.5” – 20” OD; Prime and Secondary
• Custom Lengths and Thicknesses
• Custom Fabrication Services
• Spiralweld Pipe Accepted by DOTs in Seismically Active Areas
• In-house and Third-Party Testing Capabilities
• Melted and Manufactured in the USA
Table of Contents
PRODUCT DATA
ERW Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Spiralweld Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Rolled & Welded Pipe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Micropile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
PRODUCT DETAIL
Available Pipe Manufacturing
Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Available Steel Specifications. . . . . . . 11
Specialty Fabrication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Quality Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Increasing Durability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
APPLICATIONS
Bearing Piles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Drilled Shaft. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Combined Wall Systems. . . . . . . . . . . 18
Structural Sections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Threaded Micropile Casing. . . . . . . . . 19
Sign Poles, Towers, and
Transmission Lines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Jacked & Bored . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Line Pipe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
 ERW Pipe

DO
APPROXIMATE VALUES

DI Pipe Weight (lbs/ft) = 10.69*t*(DO-t)

DO (in) - outside diameter
t t (in) - thickness of pipe
Pipe Weight (kg/m) = 0.0247*t*(DO-t)
DO (mm) - outside diameter
t (mm) - thickness of pipe

PIPE WEIGHT lbs/ft (kg/m)

Outside Coating
Wall Thickness (t) in (mm)
Diameter (DO) Area
in 0.179 0.188 0.203 0.219 0.250 0.312 0.375 0.500 0.562 0.625 ft²/ft
(mm) 4.55 4.78 5.16 5.56 6.35 7.92 9.53 12.70 14.29 15.88 m²/m

2 3/8 4.22 4.38 4.72 5.02 0.62

60.33 6.29 6.54 7.03 7.52 0.19

2 7/8 5.18 5.39 5.79 6.21 7.02 0.75

73.03 7.72 8.03 8.65 9.26 10.46 0.23

3 1/2 6.38 6.64 7.16 7.58 8.69 0.92

88.90 9.51 9.90 10.67 11.44 12.95 0.28

4 7.34 7.66 8.24 8.84 10.02 12.33 14.53 1.05

101.60 10.94 11.39 12.29 13.18 14.94 18.36 21.66 0.32

4 1/2 8.30 8.64 9.33 10.01 11.36 13.99 16.54 1.18

114.30 12.37 12.89 13.91 14.92 16.93 20.85 24.61 0.36

6 5/8 12.38 12.92 13.94 14.98 17.02 21.04 25.03 32.71 36.42 1.73
168.28 18.46 19.23 20.79 22.33 25.40 31.44 37.35 48.80 54.34 0.53

7 13.10 13.65 14.75 15.59 18.04 22.34 26.50 34.74 38.68 1.83
177.80 19.53 20.36 22.00 23.64 26.89 33.30 39.59 51.79 57.57 0.56

8 5/8 16.22 16.94 18.29 19.66 22.36 27.81 33.04 43.43 48.48 53.45 2.26
219.08 24.18 25.21 27.26 29.30 33.36 41.39 49.30 64.74 72.27 79.68 0.69

9 5/8 18.08 18.97 20.45 22.02 25.06 31.06 37.08 48.77 54.46 60.14 2.52
244.48 26.90 28.23 30.43 32.77 46.23 46.23 55.19 72.59 81.04 89.50 0.77

10 3/4 20.23 21.23 22.89 24.65 28.06 34.81 40.52 54.79 61.22 67.66 2.81
273.05 30.10 31.59 34.06 36.69 41.76 51.81 60.30 81.54 91.10 100.69 0.86

12 22.62 23.74 25.60 27.58 31.40 38.98 46.60 61.47 68.73 76.01 3.14
304.80 33.66 35.33 38.10 41.04 46.73 58.01 69.35 91.49 102.28 113.12 0.96

12 3/4 24.05 25.25 27.23 29.34 33.41 41.48 49.61 65.48 73.23 81.02 3.34
323.85 35.80 37.57 40.52 43.66 49.71 61.74 73.83 97.45 108.99 120.58 1.02

14 26.45 27.76 29.94 32.26 36.75 45.65 54.62 72.16 80.74 89.37 3.67
355.60 39.36 41.31 44.56 48.01 54.69 67.94 81.28 107.38 120.16 133.01 1.12

16 30.27 31.78 34.28 36.95 42.09 52.32 62.64 82.85 92.83 102.72 4.19
406.40 45.05 47.29 51.02 54.98 62.64 77.87 93.21 123.29 138.38 153.13 1.28

18 47.44 58.99 70.65 93.54 104.76 116.09 4.71

457.20 70.59 87.79 105.15 139.20 155.90 156.30 1.44

20 52.78 65.66 78.67 104.23 116.88 129.45 5.24

508.00 78.55 97.72 117.08 155.11 174.23 192.64 1.60

24 79.01 94.71 125.61 140.93 156.17 6.28

609.6 117.57 140.94 186.92 210.09 232.41 1.92

Please inquire about additional diameters and thicknesses.

Maximum Rolled Lengths*** Formulas

ERW 80 feet (24.4 m)
Cross Section Moment of Section Radius of
*** Longer lengths may be possible upon request. Area Inertia Modulus Gyration
A Ixx Sxx rxx

2 Nucor Skyline: Pipe

ERW Pipe

Manufacturing Process
Electric Resistance Welded (ERW) pipe is manufactured by cold forming a flat steel strip into a rounded tube by passing
it through a series of forming rollers to obtain a longitudinal seam. The two edges are then simultaneously heated with
a high frequency current and squeezed together to produce a bond. The longitudinal ERW seam does not require filler
metal while impurities in the heat affected zone are extruded during the welding process.

UNCOILING & FLATTENING COIL JOINING EDGE TRIMMING FORMING

Incoming coils are peeled and
unwrapped for presentation into
the flattener rolls. Flattening
removes the coil set to produce a
flat steel strip.
Coil ends are joined together
with a butt weld to produce a
continuous strip.
Slitter blades and edge milling
trims strip edges to provide the
precise strip width required
during the forming and ERW seam
welding process.
The forming process begins at
the Breakdown Pass where the
material is gradually bent from a
flat steel strip into a rounded tube
for presentation to the ERW seam
welder.

WELDING Quality Control PIPE SIZING/STRAIGHTENING PIPE CUTTING

A high frequency electrical current
flows through contact tips into the
strip edges to produce the heat
required for bonding the strip
edges together as the material
passes through the weld roll
stand.
Once the welding is complete, the
finished pipe is visually inspected
by Quality Control (QC) and, if
required, Ultrasonic (UT) testing is
performed to ensure the weld is
defect-free.
The Sizing Section squeezes the
welded pipe into the precise
roundness, outer diameter, and
straightness tolerances specified
by the customer.
The flying cut-off saw attaches to
the pipe as it is being produced
and cuts the pipe to the length
specified by the customer.

Nucor Skyline: Pipe 3

 Spiralweld Pipe

DO
APPROXIMATE VALUES

DI Pipe Weight (lbs/ft) = 10.69*t*(DO-t)

DO (in) - outside diameter
t t (in) - thickness of pipe
Pipe Weight (kg/m) = 0.0247*t*(DO-t)
DO (mm) - outside diameter
t (mm) - thickness of pipe

PIPE WEIGHT lbs/ft (kg/m)

Outside
Coating
Diameter (DO) Wall Thickness (t) in (mm)
Area
in
(mm) 0.188 0.203 0.219 0.250 0.312 0.375 0.500 0.625 0.750 1.000 ft²/ft
4.78 5.16 5.56 6.35 7.92 9.53 12.70 15.88 19.05 25.40 m²/m

16 31.78 34.28 36.95 42.09 52.32 62.64 82.85 4.19

406.4 47.29 51.02 54.98 62.64 77.87 93.21 123.29 1.28

18 35.80 38.62 41.63 47.44 58.99 70.65 93.54 116.09 4.71

457.2 53.27 57.47 61.95 70.59 87.79 105.15 139.20 172.78 1.44

20 39.82 42.96 46.31 52.78 65.66 78.67 104.23 129.45 5.24

508.0 59.25 63.93 68.92 78.55 97.72 117.08 155.11 192.64 1.60

24 47.86 51.64 55.67 63.47 79.01 94.71 125.61 156.17 186.41 245.87 6.28
609.6 71.22 76.85 82.85 94.46 117.57 140.94 186.92 232.41 277.40 365.94 1.92

30 79.51 99.02 118.76 157.68 196.26 234.51 310.01 7.85

762.0 118.32 147.36 176.73 234.65 292.07 348.99 461.35 2.39

36 95.54 119.03 142.81 189.75 236.35 282.62 374.15 9.43

914.4 142.18 177.14 212.53 282.38 351.73 420.58 556.80 2.87

42 111.58 139.04 166.86 221.82 276.44 330.72 438.29 11.00

1067 116.05 206.92 248.32 330.10 411.38 492.17 652.25 3.35

48 127.61 159.05 190.92 253.89 316.52 378.83 502.43 12.57

1219 189.91 236.70 284.12 377.83 471.04 563.76 747.70 3.83

54 214.97 285.96 356.61 426.93 566.57 14.14

1372 319.91 425.55 530.70 635.35 843.15 4.31

60 239.02 318.03 396.70 475.04 630.71 15.71

1524 355.70 473.28 590.35 706.93 938.60 4.79

72 287.13 382.17 476.87 571.25 758.99 18.85

1829 427.29 568.73 709.67 850.11 1129.50 5.75

84 446.31 557.05 667.46 887.27 21.99

2134 664.18 828.98 993.29 1320.41 6.70

96 510.45 637.22 763.67 1015.55 25.13

2438 759.63 948.30 1136.46 1511.31 7.66

108 574.59 717.40 859.88 1143.83 28.27

2743 855.08 1067.61 1279.64 1702.21 8.62

120 797.57 958.09 1272.11 31.42

3048 1186.92 1422.82 1893.11 9.58

Please inquire about additional diameters and thicknesses.

Maximum Rolled Lengths*** Formulas

Spiralweld 130 feet (39.6 m)
Cross Section Moment of Section Radius of
*** Longer lengths may be possible upon request. Area Inertia Modulus Gyration
A Ixx Sxx rxx

4 Nucor Skyline: Pipe

Spiralweld Pipe

Manufacturing Process
The spiralweld manufacturing process is one of the most cost effective ways to produce steel pipe. Spiralweld pipe is
manufactured from steel coil and typically utilizes a helical double submerged arc weld (DSAW). The mill setup offers a
varying degree of flexibility, allowing for production of a wide range of pipe diameters and wall thicknesses. As a result,
Nucor Skyline is able to offer spiralweld products for structural and non-structural applications.

UNCOILING FLATTENing JOINING OF THE COIL ENDS EDGE MILLING

Upon receipt of the coil, it is
placed on a horizontal un-
coiler mandrel and fed into the
straightener.
The strip of coil is introduced into
the flattener through a roll stand
and the coil set is removed.
As the coil continues to move
through the straightener, the
leading and trailing edges of the
strip are trimmed in preparation
for butt welding – coil to coil.
The edges of the coil are trimmed
with carbide teeth to prepare for
welding.

PIPE SPIRALING PIPE WELDING Quality Control PIPE CUT-OFF

The strip of coil enters the three
roll apparatus composed of lead,
buttress and mandrel roll sets. At
this stage, the coil starts to form
the spiral shape that will then
become pipe.
The welding system welds
the pipe, first along the inside
diameter and then along the
outside diameter, using a
submerged arc welding process.
Once the welding is complete, the
finished pipe is visually inspected
by Quality Control (QC) and, if
required, Ultrasonic (UT) testing is
performed to ensure the weld is
defect-free.
Once the pipe reaches the desired
length, the cut-off machine is
engaged. Traveling with the pipe, a
plasma torch provides the cut-off
of the finished pipe. Specific end
props, such as bevel or square cut
ends, can be requested to allow
for simpler splicing in the field.

Nucor Skyline: Pipe 5

 Rolled & Welded Pipe

DO
APPROXIMATE VALUES

DI Pipe Weight (lbs/ft) = 10.69*t*(DO-t)

DO (in) - outside diameter
t t (in) - thickness of pipe
Pipe Weight (kg/m) = 0.0247*t*(DO-t)
DO (mm) - outside diameter
t (mm) - thickness of pipe

Outside
PIPE WEIGHT lbs/ft (kg/m)
Coating
Diameter Area
(DO) Wall Thickness (t) in (mm)
in ft²/ft
(mm) 0.250 0.312 0.375 0.438 0.500 0.562 0.625 0.688 0.750 0.875 1.000 1.250 1.375 1.50 - 2.25 m²/m
6.35 7.92 9.52 11.13 12.70 14.27 15.87 17.48 19.05 22.22 25.40 31.75 34.92 38.10 - 57.15
24 63.47 79.01 94.71 110.32 125.61 140.81 156.18 171.46 186.41 6.28
609.6 94.47 117.59 140.96 164.20 186.95 209.58 232.44 255.18 277.44 1.92
30 79.51 99.02 118.76 138.42 157.68 176.86 196.26 215.58 234.51 272.43 310.01 7.85
762.0 118.34 147.37 176.76 206.01 234.68 263.23 292.11 320.86 349.04 405.47 461.41 2.39
36 95.54 119.03 142.81 166.51 189.75 212.91 236.35 259.71 282.62 328.55 374.15 464.35 9.42
914.4 142.20 177.16 212.56 247.83 282.41 316.88 351.77 386.54 420.64 489.00 556.87 691.12 2.87
42 111.58 139.04 166.87 194.61 221.82 248.95 276.44 303.84 330.73 384.68 438.30 544.53 597.14 11.00
1066.8 166.07 206.94 248.35 289.64 330.15 370.53 411.44 452.22 492.23 572.53 652.34 810.45 888.76 Max. wall 3.35
thickness of
48 127.61 159.05 190.92 222.70 253.89 285.00 316.53 347.97 378.83 440.80 502.44 624.71 685.34 12.57
1.50" (38.1mm).
1219.2 189.93 236.73 284.15 331.45 377.88 424.18 471.10 517.90 563.83 656.06 747.80 929.78 1020.02 Please call 3.83
54 143.65 179.07 214.97 250.79 285.96 321.05 356.62 392.10 426.94 496.92 566.58 704.88 773.53 for weight. 14.14
1371.6 213.80 266.51 319.95 373.27 425.61 477.83 530.77 583.58 635.43 739.59 843.26 1049.11 1151.28 4.31
60 159.68 199.08 239.02 278.89 318.03 357.10 396.70 436.23 475.04 553.05 630.72 785.06 861.73 Max. wall 15.71
1524.0 237.66 296.30 355.75 415.08 473.34 531.48 590.43 649.26 707.03 823.13 938.73 1168.44 1282.54 thickness of 4.79
1.625" (41.3mm).
66 175.72 219.09 263.08 306.98 350.10 393.14 436.79 480.35 523.15 609.17 694.86 865.23 949.92 Please call 17.28
1676.4 261.53 326.08 391.55 456.89 521.07 585.13 650.10 714.94 778.63 906.66 1034.19 1287.77 1413.81 for weight. 5.27
72 191.75 239.10 287.13 335.07 382.17 429.19 476.88 524.49 571.25 665.29 759.00 945.41 1038.11 18.85
1828.8 285.40 355.87 427.35 498.70 568.80 638.78 709.76 780.62 850.22 990.19 1129.65 1407.10 1545.07 5.75
78 207.79 259.11 311.18 363.17 414.24 465.24 516.97 568.62 619.36 721.42 823.14 1025.59 1126.31 Max. wall 20.42
1981.2 309.26 385.65 463.15 540.52 616.54 692.43 769.43 846.30 921.82 1073.72 1225.12 1526.42 1676.33 thickness of 6.22
1.75" (44.4mm).
84 223.82 279.13 335.24 391.26 446.31 501.28 557.06 612.74 667.47 777.54 887.28 1105.76 1214.50 Please call 21.99
2133.6 333.13 415.44 498.95 582.33 664.27 746.08 829.09 911.98 993.42 1157.25 1320.58 1645.75 1807.60 for weight. 6.70
90 239.86 299.14 359.29 419.35 478.38 537.33 597.14 656.87 715.57 833.66 951.42 1185.94 1302.69 23.56
2286.0 356.99 445.22 534.75 624.14 712.00 799.73 888.76 977.65 1065.02 1240.78 1416.04 1765.08 1938.86 7.18
96 255.90 319.15 383.34 447.45 510.45 573.38 637.23 701.00 763.68 889.79 1015.56 1266.11 1390.89 25.13
2438.4 380.86 475.01 570.54 665.96 759.73 853.38 948.42 1043.33 1136.61 1324.31 1511.51 1884.41 2070.12 7.66
102 271.93 339.16 407.39 475.54 542.52 609.43 677.32 745.13 811.78 945.91 1079.70 1346.29 1479.08 Max. wall 26.70
2590.8 404.73 504.79 606.34 707.77 807.46 907.03 1008.09 1109.01 1208.21 1407.84 1606.97 2003.74 2201.38 thickness of 8.14
2.00" (50.8mm).
108 287.97 359.17 431.45 503.64 574.60 645.47 717.41 789.26 859.89 1002.03 1143.85 1426.47 1567.27 Please call 28.27
2743.2 428.59 534.58 642.14 749.58 855.20 960.69 1067.75 1174.69 1279.81 1491.37 1702.44 2123.07 2332.65 for weight. 8.62
114 304.00 379.19 455.50 531.73 606.67 681.52 757.50 833.39 907.99 1058.16 1207.99 1506.64 1655.47 29.85
2895.6 452.46 564.36 677.94 791.40 902.93 1014.34 1127.42 1240.37 1351.41 1574.90 1797.90 2242.40 2463.91 9.10
120 320.04 399.20 479.55 559.82 638.74 717.57 797.58 877.52 956.10 1114.28 1272.13 1586.82 1743.66 31.42
3048.0 476.32 594.14 713.74 833.21 950.66 1067.99 1187.08 1306.05 1423.01 1658.43 1893.36 2361.73 2595.17 9.58
126 419.21 503.61 587.92 670.81 753.61 837.67 921.65 1004.21 1170.40 1336.27 1666.99 1831.86 32.99
3200.4 623.93 749.54 875.02 998.39 1121.64 1246.75 1371.73 1494.60 1741.96 1988.83 2481.06 2726.43 10.05
132 439.22 527.66 616.01 702.88 789.66 877.76 965.78 1052.31 1226.53 1400.41 1747.17 1920.05 34.56
3352.8 653.71 785.34 916.84 1046.12 1175.29 1306.41 1437.41 1566.20 1825.49 2084.29 2600.39 2857.70 10.53
138 551.71 644.10 734.95 825.71 917.85 1009.90 1100.42 1282.65 1464.55 1827.35 2008.24 36.13
3505 821.14 958.65 1093.85 1228.94 1366.08 1503.09 1637.80 1909.03 2179.75 2719.75 2988.96 Max. wall 11.01
thickness of
144 575.76 672.20 767.02 861.76 957.94 1054.03 1148.52 1338.77 1528.69 1907.52 2096.44 37.70
2.25" (57.1mm).
3657.6 856.94 1000.46 1141.59 1282.59 1425.74 1568.77 1709.40 1992.56 2275.22 2839.05 3120.22 Please call 11.49
150 599.82 700.29 799.09 897.80 998.02 1098.16 1196.63 1394.90 1592.83 1987.70 2184.63 for weight. 39.27
3810.0 892.73 1042.28 1189.32 1336.24 1485.41 1634.44 1780.99 2076.09 2370.68 2958.38 3251.48 11.97
156 623.87 728.39 831.16 933.85 1038.11 1142.29 1244.73 1451.02 1656.97 2067.87 2272.82 40.84
3962.4 928.53 1084.09 1237.05 1389.89 1545.07 1700.12 1852.59 2159.62 2466.15 3077.71 3382.75 12.45
162 756.48 863.23 969.90 1078.20 1186.42 1292.84 1507.14 1721.11 2148.05 2361.02 42.41
4114.8 1125.90 1284.78 1443.54 1604.73 1765.80 1924.19 2243.15 2561.61 3197.04 3514.01 12.93
168 784.57 895.30 1005.94 1118.29 1230.55 1340.94 1563.27 1785.25 2228.23 2449.21 43.98
4267.2 1167.71 1332.51 1497.19 1664.40 1831.48 1995.79 2326.68 2657.07 3316.37 3645.27 13.41
169-204
Please call for weight.
4293 - 5182

Maximum Rolled Lengths* Formulas

Rolled & Welded 120 feet (36.6 m)
Cross Section Moment of Section Radius of
* Longer lengths may be possible upon request. Area Inertia Modulus Gyration
A Ixx Sxx rxx

6 Nucor Skyline: Pipe

Rolled & Welded Pipe
Manufacturing Process
Rolled & welded pipe is one of the oldest processes of manufacturing steel pipe. This manufacturing process is utilized
when the pipe wall thickness exceeds the capabilities of the ERW and spiralweld manufacturing processes.
PLATE
The raw material – pieces of flat
steel plate – is received into our
manufacturing plant.
WELDING
The can is then staged for
longitudinal welding (Long Seam).
During this process, the seam
between the two plates is welded
on both the inside and outside.
CUTTING
A single flat sheet of steel plate
is cut on a burning table using
plasma or cutting gases. This plate
is cut according to the required
width and length for each
individual can that will form the
final product.
CIRCUMFERENTIAL WELDING
During this last step of the
manufacturing process, cans are
fit together using the submerged
arc weld (SAW) process, according
to customer requirements for
specific lengths.
BEVELING
After the plate is cut, it is
transferred to the beveling station
where the plate edges are beveled
and prepped for welding.
QUALITY CONTROL
Once the welding is complete, the
finished pipe is visually inspected
by Quality Control (QC) and, if
required, Ultrasonic (UT) testing is
performed to ensure the weld is
defect-free.
BENDING
After beveling, the plate is
transferred to the bending rolls.
Nucor Skyline uses a 4-roll system
to produce a true cylinder, also
referred to as a can.
FINISHED PIPE
The finished pipe is then removed
and ready for delivery.
Nucor Skyline: Pipe 7
 Micropile
Threaded Casing for Micropile

Prime Domestic Casing

Cross Total External

Outside Inside Sectional Area of Internal Surface Moment Section
Coating
Diameter Thickness Diameter Weight Area Shaft Volume Area of Inertia Modulus
Area

in in in lbs/ft in2 in2 ft3/ft ft2/ft in4 in3 ft²/ft

mm mm mm kg/m cm2 cm2 m3/m m2/m cm4 cm3 m²/m
Cross Sectional Area
7.000 0.472 6.056 32.94 9.68 38.48 0.200 1.83 51.83 14.81 1.83
177.800 11.989 153.822 49.02 62.45 248.29 0.019 0.56 2157.45 242.68 0.56

7.000 0.500 6.000 34.74 10.21 38.48 0.196 1.83 54.24 15.50 1.83
177.800 12.700 152.400 51.71 65.87 248.29 0.018 0.56 2257.70 253.96 0.56

8.625 0.500 7.625 43.43 12.76 58.43 0.32 2.26 105.72 24.51 2.26
219.075 12.700 193.675 64.63 82.34 376.94 0.029 0.69 4400.36 401.65 0.69

9.625 0.472 8.681 46.18 13.57 72.76 0.411 2.52 142.51 29.61 2.52
244.475 11.989 220.497 68.74 87.56 469.42 0.038 0.77 5931.72 485.26 0.77

9.625 0.500 8.625 48.77 14.33 72.76 0.406 2.52 149.63 31.09 2.52 Total Area of Shaft
244.475 12.700 219.075 72.59 92.47 469.42 0.038 0.77 6228.24 509.52 0.77

9.625 0.545 8.535 52.90 15.55 72.76 0.397 2.52 160.80 33.41 2.52
244.475 13.843 216.789 78.74 100.30 469.42 0.037 0.77 6692.84 547.53 0.77

10.750 0.472 9.806 51.86 15.24 90.76 0.524 2.81 201.67 37.52 2.81
273.050 11.989 249.072 77.19 98.33 585.56 0.049 0.86 8394.17 614.84 0.86

10.750 0.500 9.750 54.79 16.10 90.76 0.518 2.81 211.95 39.43 2.81
273.050 12.700 247.650 81.54 103.88 585.56 0.048 0.86 8822.03 646.18 0.86

10.750 0.545 9.660 59.46 17.47 90.76 0.509 2.81 228.10 42.44 2.81
273.050 13.843 245.364 88.49 112.73 585.56 0.047 0.86 9494.39 695.43 0.86

12.750 0.500 11.750 65.48 19.24 127.68 0.753 3.34 361.54 56.71 3.34
323.850 12.700 298.450 97.45 124.14 823.72 0.070 1.02 15048.59 929.36 1.02

14.000 0.500 13.000 72.16 21.21 153.94 0.922 3.67 483.76 69.11 3.67 External Surface Area
355.600 12.700 330.200 107.40 136.81 993.15 0.086 1.12 20135.45 1132.48 1.12

16.000 0.500 15.000 82.85 24.35 201.06 1.227 4.19 731.94 91.49 4.19
406.400 12.700 381.000 123.31 157.08 1297.17 0.114 1.28 30465.73 1499.30 1.28

Contact your Nucor Skyline representative for additional diameters, lengths, and starter details.

Nucor Skyline can provide threaded micropile casing up to 40 feet.

8 Nucor Skyline: Pipe

Micropile
Threaded Casing for Micropile

Secondary Casing

Cross External
Coating
Outside Thickness Inside Weight Sectional Total Area Internal Surface Moment Section
Area
Diameter Diameter Area of Shaft Volume Area of Inertia Modulus
in in in lbs/ft in2 in2 ft3/ft ft2/ft in4 in3 ft²/ft
mm mm mm kg/m cm2 cm2 m3/m m2/m cm4 cm3 m²/m
5.5 0.415 4.670 22.56 6.63 23.76 0.12 1.44 21.57 7.84 1.44 Cross Sectional Area
139.700 10.541 118.618 33.57 42.77 153.28 0.011 0.44 897.80 128.47 0.44
6.625 0.432 5.761 28.60 8.40 34.47 0.18 1.73 40.49 12.22 1.73
168.275 10.973 146.329 42.56 54.23 222.40 0.017 0.53 1685.31 200.25 0.53
7 0.408 6.184 28.75 8.45 38.48 0.21 1.83 46.07 13.16 1.83
177.800 10.363 157.073 42.79 54.51 248.29 0.019 0.56 1917.56 215.65 0.56
7 0.453 6.094 31.70 9.32 38.48 0.20 1.83 50.16 14.33 1.83
177.800 11.506 154.787 47.18 60.11 248.29 0.019 0.56 2087.80 234.83 0.56
7 0.500 6.000 34.74 10.21 38.48 0.20 1.83 54.24 15.50 1.83
177.800 12.700 152.400 51.70 65.87 248.29 0.018 0.56 2257.62 254.00 0.56 Total Area of Shaft

7.625 0.430 6.765 33.07 9.72 45.66 0.25 2.00 63.12 16.56 2.00
193.675 10.922 171.831 49.21 62.71 294.60 0.023 0.61 2627.23 271.31 0.61
7.625 0.500 6.625 38.08 11.19 45.66 0.24 2.00 71.37 18.72 2.00
193.675 12.700 168.275 56.67 72.21 294.60 0.022 0.61 2970.62 306.76 0.61
8.625 0.562 7.501 48.44 14.24 58.43 0.31 2.26 116.25 26.96 2.26
219.075 14.275 190.525 72.09 91.84 376.94 0.029 0.69 4838.65 441.79 0.69
9.625 0.472 8.681 46.18 13.57 72.76 0.41 2.52 142.51 29.61 2.52
244.475 11.989 220.497 68.73 87.56 469.42 0.038 0.77 5931.67 485.22 0.77
9.625 0.545 8.535 52.90 15.55 72.76 0.40 2.52 160.80 33.41 2.52
244.475 13.843 216.789 78.73 100.30 469.42 0.037 0.77 6692.95 547.49 0.77
10.75 0.500 9.750 54.79 16.10 90.76 0.52 2.81 211.95 39.43 2.81
273.050 12.700 247.650 81.54 103.87 585.56 0.048 0.86 8821.95 646.14 0.86
External Surface Area
10.75 0.545 9.660 59.46 17.47 90.76 0.51 2.81 228.10 42.44 2.81
273.050 13.843 245.364 88.49 112.73 585.56 0.047 0.86 9494.16 695.46 0.86
10.75 0.595 9.560 64.59 18.98 90.76 0.50 2.81 245.53 45.68 2.81
273.050 15.113 242.824 96.12 122.47 585.56 0.046 0.86 10219.65 748.56 0.86
11.875 0.582 10.711 70.26 20.65 110.75 0.63 3.11 330.04 55.59 3.11
301.624 14.783 272.059 104.56 133.21 714.53 0.058 0.95 13737.19 910.95 0.95
12.75 0.500 11.750 65.48 19.24 127.68 0.75 3.34 361.54 56.71 3.34
323.849 12.700 298.449 97.45 124.14 823.71 0.070 1.02 15048.31 929.31 1.02
13.375 0.480 12.415 66.17 19.45 140.50 0.84 3.50 404.73 60.52 3.50
339.724 12.192 315.340 98.47 125.45 906.45 0.078 1.07 16846.00 991.74 1.07
13.375 0.514 12.347 70.67 20.77 140.50 0.83 3.50 430.07 64.31 3.50
339.724 13.056 313.613 105.17 133.98 906.45 0.077 1.07 17900.72 1053.85 1.07
16 0.375 15.25 62.64 18.41 201.06 1.27 4.19 562.08 70.26 4.19
406.4 9.525 387.35 93.23 118.76 1333.17 0.12 1.28 23395.71 1151.36 1.28
16 0.438 15.124 72.87 21.41 201.06 1.25 4.19 648.75 81.09 4.19
406.4 11.125 384.15 108.45 138.15 1333.17 0.12 1.28 27002.81 1328.88 1.28
16 0.495 15.01 82.04 24.11 201.06 1.23 4.19 725.31 90.66 4.19
406.4 12.573 381.254 122.11 155.56 1333.17 0.11 1.28 30189.62 1485.71 1.28
18 0.435 17.13 81.68 24 254.47 1.60 4.71 926.32 102.93 4.71
457.2 11.049 435.102 121.57 154.87 1641.73 0.15 1.44 38856.25 1686.63 1.44
20 0.438 19.124 91.59 26.92 314.16 1.99 5.24 1288.22 128.82 5.24
508 11.125 485.75 136.12 173.66 2026.83 0.19 1.60 53619.94 2111.02 1.60
20 0.635 18.73 131.45 38.63 314.16 1.91 5.24 1812.81 181.28 5.24
508 16.129 475.742 195.65 249.23 2026.83 0.18 1.60 75454.95 2970.67 1.60
Contact your Nucor Skyline representative for additional diameters, lengths, and starter details.

Nucor Skyline: Pipe 9

 Available Pipe Manufacturing Specifications

Nucor Skyline pipe is manufactured according to the following pipe specifications which provide guidance on
manufacturing processes, dimensional requirements and tolerances.

Available Steel Pipe Grades

Yield Strength Manufacturing Process
ASTM
ksi MPa ERW Spiralweld Rolled & Welded

A 139 Grade A 30 205 ✔ ✔ ✔

A 139 Grade B 35 240 ✔ ✔ ✔
A 139 Grade C 42 290 ✔ ✔ ✔
A 139 Grade D 46 315 ✔ ✔ ✔
A 139 Grade E 52 360 ✔ ✔ ✔
A 252 Grade 1 30 205 ✔ ✔ ✔
A 252 Grade 2 35 240 ✔ ✔ ✔
A 252 Grade 3 45 310 ✔ ✔ ✔
A 252 Grade 3 (Mod) 50 345 ✔ ✔ ✔
A 252 Grade 3 (Mod) 60 - 80* 415 - 550* ✔ ✔ ✔
A 500 Grade B 42 290 ✔
A 500 Grade C 50 345 ✔
A 1085 50 - 70 345 - 450 ✔
Highlighted fields represent the most commonly used and readily available steel grades. Additional grades available upon request.
Please call with any questions or special requests.

*Availability is dependent on pipe diameter and thickness.

ASTM A252 ASTM A500/A500M

This specification was written specifically for steel pipe
piles and is the most common specification for this
application. “This specification covers nominal (average)
wall steel pipe piles of cylindrical shape and applies to
pipe piles in which the steel cylinder acts as a permanent
load-carrying member, or as a shell to form cast-in-place
concrete piles…. The piles shall be made by the seamless,
electric resistance welded, flash welded, or fusion
welded process. The seams of welded pipe piles shall be
longitudinal, helical-butt, or helical-lap.”
ASTM A139/A139M
“This specification covers five grades of electric-fusion
(arc)-welded straight-seam or helical-seam steel pipe.
Pipe of NPS 4 and larger with nominal (average) wall
thickness of 1.0 in. [25.4mm] and less are covered. Listing
of standardized dimensions are for reference. The grades
of steel are pipe mill grades having mechanical properties
which differ from standard plate grades. The pipe is
intended for conveying liquid, gas or vapor.”
“This specification covers cold-formed welded and
seam-less carbon steel round, square, rectangular, or
special shape structural tubing for welded, riveted, or
bolted construction of bridges and buildings, and for
general structural purposes. This tubing is produced in
both welded and seamless sizes with a periphery of 88 in.
[2235 mm] or less, and a specified wall thickness of 1 in.
[25.4 mm] or less. Grade D requires heat treatment.”
AWWA C200†
“This standard describes electrically but-welded
straight-seam or spiral-seam pipe and seamless pipe,
6 in. (150mm) in nominal diameter and larger, for the
transmission and distribution of water or for use in other
water system facilities.”

Source: ASTM International

† Source: American Water Works Association (AWWA)

10 Nucor Skyline: Pipe

Available Pipe Manufacturing Specifications

The pipe specifications have limited chemical and mechanical property requirements of the steel plate, sheet, or coil
the pipe is manufactured from. The following ASTM requirements address these properties in more detail and may be
specified in addition to the pipe grades if the design professional deems them to be necessary.

Available Steel Specifications

Yield Strength Manufacturing Process
ASTM
ksi MPa ERW Spiralweld Rolled & Welded

A 36 36 250 ✔
A 516 Grade 55 30 205 ✔
A 516 Grade 60 32 220 ✔
A 516 Grade 65 35 240 ✔
A 516 Grade 70 38 260 ✔
A 572 Grade 42 42 290 ✔
A 572 Grade 50 50 345 ✔ ✔ ✔
A 572 Grade 55 55 380 ✔ ✔ ✔
A 572 Grade 60 60 415 ✔ ✔ ✔
A 572 Grade 65 65 450 ✔ ✔ ✔
A 588 50 345 ✔ ✔ ✔
A 690 50 345 ✔ ✔
A 709 50 345 ✔ ✔
A 1011/1018 50 345 ✔ ✔
Abrasion Resistant Brinell Hardness – 190 ✔ ✔
Highlighted fields represent the most commonly used and readily available steel grades. Additional grades available upon request.
Please call with any questions or special requests.

ASTM A1011/A1011M ASTM A690/A690M

“This specification covers hot-rolled, carbon, structural,
high-strength low-alloy, high-strength low-alloy with
improved formability, and ultra-high strength steel
sheet and strip, in coils and cut lengths.” Maximum coil
thickness for this specification is 0.23 in.
“This specification covers high-strength low-alloy
nickel, copper, phosphorus steel H-piles and sheet
piling of structural quality for use in the construction of
dock walls, sea walls, bulkheads, excavations, and like
applications in marine environments.”

ASTM A1018/A1018M ASTM A709/A709M

“This specification covers hot-rolled, heavy-thickness coils “This specification covers carbon and high-strength low-
beyond the size limits of Specification A1011/A1011M.” alloy steel structural shapes, plates, and bars, quenched
Coil thickness is from 0.23 in. to 1.000 in. and tempered alloy steel, and stainless steel for structural
plates intended for use in bridges.”
ASTM A572/A572M
“This specification covers five grades of high-strength
low-alloy structural steel shapes, plates, sheet piling,
and bars. Grades 42 [290], 50 [345], and 55 [380] are
intended for riveted, bolted, or welded structures. Grades
60 [415] and 65 [450] are intended for riveted or bolted
construction of bridges, or for riveted, bolted, or welded
construction in other applications.”

Source: ASTM International

Nucor Skyline: Pipe 11

 Specialty Fabrication Services

Nucor Skyline pipe mills are capable of a wide variety of fabrication services. Please do not hesitate to call for any
fabrication needs.

E22 Connector Attachment Cutting Shoes Leffer Ring

Backing Rings Pipe with Slots Conical Pipe Points

Custom Fabrication: Oscillator Casing Reducers Custom Fabrication

Conical Pipe Points Weld-on Splicer End Plate

12 Nucor Skyline: Pipe

Quality Control

Certifications
All weld systems are qualified and certified to AWS D1.1. Our mills are quality certified by the Steel Plate Fabricators
Association (SPFA). Additionally, each plant is staffed with Certified Weld Inspectors to assure a quality weld in every pipe.

Qualifications
• American Welding Society (AWS)
− AWS Section 3
− AWS Section 4 / ASME Section IX
− AWS Section 4 WPS – Weld
Procedure Specification
− AWS Section 4 PQR - Procedure
Qualification Test Record
• Steel Plate Fabricators Association
(SPFA) Quality Program
• Pre-qualified
• Qualified by Test
• Weld Quality Control Plan (WQCP)

Quality Assurance
• Non-destructive Testing (NDT)
− Visual Inspection (VI)
− Inline Ultrasonic Testing (UT)
− Magnetic Particle Testing (MT)
− Radiographic Testing / X-ray (RT)
− Hydrostatic Testing
− Dye Penetration Testing (PT)
− Macro Etch Testing
• Destructive Testing
− Tensile Strength Test:
Base Metal/Across the Weld
− Bend Test: Root, Face, Side
− Charpy Impact Test (CVN):
Base Metal, Weld Metal, Heat
Affected Zone (HAZ)
• Custom Tests: Hoop Stresses, etc.
• Third-party Inspection
• UT, RT, VI, Etch and Weld
Observations
• Procedure QA/QC Review

Manufacturing &
Stocking Locations
Nucor Skyline has several
manufacturing locations and dozens of
stocking locations throughout North
America. Our proximity to the water,
coupled with our extensive distribution
network allows for fast and efficient Nucor Skyline Stocking Locations
delivery via truck, rail, or barge. Nucor Skyline Facilities

Nucor Skyline: Pipe 13

 Increasing Durability
The durability of steel is a very important part of the
design process. Although most steel buried in the ground
does not need any protection from corrosion, there are
cases where it is necessary. As a steel section corrodes,
it loses strength and the designer must ensure that the
section can carry its intended loads at the end of the
design life. Determining the design life of a pipe is a
straightforward process using the section properties,
corrosion rate and any corrosion protection measures.
The corrosion rate of a particular environment is critical
when calculating the design life. Different soils and types
of water will have varying influences on the rate of loss.
There are tables on the following page which give average
values for the loss, in thickness, in soil and water. These
values were gathered from measurements taken from
actual jobsites. If there is historical information available
locally, that information should be used instead. The
engineer should determine the rate for both the inside and
outside of the pipe. It should be noted that soil resistivity
is sometimes used to determine the corrosiveness of a soil
sample. This method for determining the corrosion rate
does not take into account the level of oxygen in the soil
and should not be used. The steel will not corrode without
oxygen or extremely acidic soil.
Once the rate of loss has been determined, the reduced
section properties and design life can be calculated.
Increasing the design life of a steel pipe can be done in a
variety of ways. Most of these will fall under three main
categories; over design, corrosion rate reduction and steel
protection.
Over design is most often done by increasing the
thickness, diameter or steel grade. All of these methods
will reduce the stress in the pipe. Although increasing the
yield strength will not change the corrosion rate, it allows
the pipe to carry the same loads with a smaller thickness.
Reducing the corrosion rate can be done with specialty
steels (A690 and A588) or with cathodic protection.
ASTM A690 reduces the corrosion rate for steel in the
splash zone in salt water. ASTM A588 is an atmospheric
corrosion resistant steel. Cathodic protection involves
either sacrificial anodes or an impressed current system.
Both systems create a battery cell to prevent the loss
of material from the exposed steel. Galvanization is
14 Nucor Skyline: Pipe
commonly used for atmospheric protection, but should
not be used in the permanent immersion, tidal, or splash
zones.
Protecting the steel through coating or painting is very
common. Coating is relatively inexpensive and works well
on exposed steel, but it can be damaged and once the
steel is exposed it will corrode at the normal rate. The
steel can also be protected using concrete encasement,
jackets, or sleeves.
Calculating the Design Life of a Pipe Pile
1. Design Pipe Pile
2. Determine Internal and External Corrosion Rates
3. Determine Maximum Allowable Stress
4. Calculate Reduced Diameter and Thickness that will
Result in Maximum Allowable Stress
5. Calculate Section Loss
6. Calculate the Design Life Using Corrosion Rate and
Section Loss
7. If the Design Life is Too Low, Choose from One of the
Methods Below and Re-Calculate the Design Life
Over Design
• Increase Diameter
• Increase Thickness
• Increase Yield Strength
• Splice Thicker Pipe Section into Pile in Area of High
Stress or High Corrosion
Corrosion Reduction
• A690 Steel — Salt Water Splash Zone Resistant Steel
• A588 Steel — Atmospheric Corrosion Resistant Steel
• Cathodic Protection
• Galvanization
Barrier
• Coating
• Concrete Encasement
• Sleeves or Jackets
Increasing Durability

Loss of Thickness Due to Corrosion for Piles in Soil with or without Groundwater

5 Years 25 Years 50 Years 75 Years 100 Years

Required design working life

in / mm

Undisturbed natural soils (sand, clay, schist, …) 0.000 0.012 0.024 0.035 0.047
0.00 0.30 0.60 0.90 1.20

Polluted natural soils and industrial grounds 0.006 0.030 0.059 0.089 0.118
0.15 0.75 1.50 2.25 3.00

Aggressive natural soils (swamp, marsh, peat, …) 0.008 0.039 0.069 0.098 0.128
0.20 1.00 1.75 2.50 3.25

Non-compacted and non-aggressive fills (clay, schist, sand, silt, …) 0.007 0.028 0.047 0.067 0.087
0.18 0.70 1.20 1.70 2.20

Non-compacted and aggressive fills (ashes, slag, …) 0.020 0.079 0.128 0.177 0.226
0.50 2.00 3.25 4.50 5.75

Notes:
1. Corrosion rates in compacted fills are lower than those in non-compacted ones. In compacted fills, the figures in the table should
be divided by two.
2. The values given are only for guidance. Local conditions should be considered because they may affect the actual corrosion rate,
which can be lower or higher than the average value given in the table.
3. The values given for 5 and 25 years are based on measurements, whereas the other values are extrapolated.

Loss of Thickness Due to Corrosion for Piles in Fresh Water or in Sea Water

5 Years 25 Years 50 Years 75 Years 100 Years

Required design working life

in / mm

Common fresh water (river, ship canal, …) in the zone of high attack 0.006 0.022 0.035 0.045 0.055
(water line) 0.15 0.55 0.90 1.15 1.40

Very polluted fresh water (sewage, industrial effluent, …) in the zone 0.012 0.051 0.091 0.130 0.169
of high attack (water line) 0.30 1.30 2.30 3.30 4.30

Sea water in temperate climate in the zone of high attack 0.022 0.074 0.148 0.220 0.295
(low water and splash zones) 0.55 1.90 3.75 5.60 7.50

Sea water in temperate climate in the zone of permanent immersion 0.010 0.035 0.069 0.102 0.138
or in the intertidal zone 0.25 0.90 1.75 2.60 3.50

Notes:
1. The highest corrosion rate is usually found at the splash zone or at the low water level in tidal waters. However, in most cases, the
highest stresses are in the permanent immersion zone.
2. The values given are only for guidance. Local conditions should be considered because they may affect the actual corrosion rate,
which can be lower or higher than the average value given in the table.
3. The values given for 5 and 25 years are based on measurements, whereas the other values are extrapolated.

Nucor Skyline: Pipe 15

 Example Durability Calculation

Since corrosion occurs at different Pipe Total Thickness Max. Ultimate

Depth
rates depending on environment, one Loss for 50 Years Bending Moment
ft
Face 1 Face 2 Internal in K-ft/ft
must design for each of these zones
0-5 Splash Soil Soil 0.22 25
to determine which controls.
10 Intertidal Soil Soil 0.141 500

15 Low Water Soil Soil 0.22 600

30 Immersion Soil Soil 0.141 650

60 Soil Soil Soil 0.096 400

Corrosion Zones Corrosion Rate Typical Bending

Seawall Distribution Moment Distribution
Mean High Water
Splash Zone

Mean Low Water Intertidal Zone Anchor

Low Water Zone

Permanent
Immersion
Zone

Buried Zone Buried Zone

(Water Side) (Soil Side)

System Width
For a high modulus wall, we will PIPE PROPERTIES
assume that we are using a pipe –
Diameter 48 in
pipe system with the system width
equal to the pipe diameter plus a Thickness 0.5 in

connector width of 1.25 in. Fy 50 ksi

System Width 49.25 in

Sx 10,857 in³

From the above, we must now Design Minimum Min. Base Pipe Min. Thickness
Depth
calculate the minimum section Section Modulus Thickness with Corrosion
ft
in³/ft in in
modulus for each depth and then
determine the minimum pipe 0-5 6.0 0.014 0.124
thickness required based on the 10 120.0 0.277 0.347
ultimate design loads provided.
15 144.0 0.333 0.443

30 156.0 0.362 0.432

60 96.0 0.221 0.269

From this, we can see that a 48”Ø x ½” Grade 50 pipe works.

16 Nucor Skyline: Pipe

Applications

Applications of Steel Pipe

Steel pipe offers mechanical and physical characteristics that make it one of the most versatile construction products
available. As a structural element, steel pipe remains unrivaled when compared to alternate materials. The flexibility
offered by the manufacturing process, quality control and low production cost positions steel pipe to be the new shape
of steel in many industries.

Bearing Piles
Driven steel piles are a very efficient way to carry loads from structures and
one of the most tested elements in the construction industry. Pipe piles offer
several advantages over other types of driven piles. The circular shape of the
pipe means there is no weak axis and the interior of the pile can be augered
out to remove obstructions or socket the pipe into rock. The pipe interior can
be filled with reinforced concrete to increase the pile strength. Pipes can be
manufactured to extremely long lengths and are easy to handle due to the
bending strength-to-weight ratio and lack of a weak axis. The manufacturing
process of pipe allows for millions of different combinations of diameters,
thicknesses and steel grades.

The manufacturing of spiralweld pipe is especially flexible for thicknesses of one

inch or less. The multitude of different diameters, cut to length sections, and
speed of production, makes spiralweld a very attractive product for bearing piles.

Rolled and welded pipe is ideal in applications requiring larger-sized pipe or

small custom quantities. The Tappan Zee Bridge in New York used tens of
thousands of tons of 48 inch diameter pipe. Pipe piles of this size have the
capability of carrying thousands of tons of axial load and very high lateral loads.

Several accessories are available to assist the contractor during installation.

Inside and outside cutting shoes or conical points are good for hard driving
conditions. Points are also useful if the interior of the pipe needs to be kept
free of soil. Three different types of splicing mechanisms are also available.
Backing rings are used when the pile needs a full penetration butt weld. Drive
on and weld fit splicers are used for projects where speed is important and the
full bending loads do not need to be carried through the splice.

Drilled Shaft Casing

Pipe casing, temporary or permanent, is often required during the
construction of drilled shafts. The casing is used to hold the hole open while
the reinforcement cage and concrete are installed. The ability to inspect the
bottom of the hole and the elimination of any variations in the diameter of
the finished drilled shaft makes for a much higher quality, finished pile. In the
“Standard Guidelines for the Design and Installation of Pile Foundations” ASCE
recommends a factor of safety that is 38% higher on the structural capacity of
drilled shafts without casing, than those with casing.

Nucor Skyline: Pipe 17

 Applications

Combination Walls
Large diameter pipes have high bending strengths and are often used in
combination sheet pile walls. The combination of large diameter pipe piles and
steel sheet piles, which is often referred to as combi-walls, pipe-z walls or king
pile walls, makes a very efficient system.

Like other combined walls, the king pile takes the majority of the load and
the sheet pile transfers the load to the pipe and to the soil. In most cases, the
sheet piles are between 60% and 80% of the length of the pipe pile. The king
pile is almost always spiralweld pipe and the flexibility of the manufacturing
process makes it easy for the designer to pinpoint the most efficient system.
The design of the system assumes that there is no transfer of shear forces
across the interlock. Therefore, the offset of the neutral axis, due to the sheet
pile, is not taken into account.

Inertiasystem = (Inertiapipe + Inertiasheet pile) / (System Width)

Modulussystem = Inertiasystem / Radiuspipe

Pipe-Z walls are most often used for bulkhead walls for container, cruise
and bulk terminals. In addition, they can be used for breakwaters or for high
cantilevered retaining walls.

Structural Sections
The symmetry of pipe gives it the same bending strength, in any direction,
which makes it an excellent product for the resistance of buckling. The stress
required to buckle an axial member decreases with length. The radius of
gyration has the opposite effect and increases the ability of a section to resist
buckling. The W and HP sections have different radii of gyration (rx and ry) for
the X and Y axes, while remaining constant for a pipe. The end result is that a
pipe can take much higher loads for long, unsupported lengths.

Sample: 40 foot axially loaded section

Section ry(in) Weight (lbs/ft) Buckling Load (k)

W 12 x 53 2.48 53 103.9

HP 12 x 53 2.86 53 138.1

12" x 0.375" 4.11 46.6 252.6

The ability of pipes to resist buckling makes them ideally suited for the bracing
of cofferdams and for large open structures.

18 Nucor Skyline: Pipe

Applications

Threaded Micropile Casing

Micropiles are small diameter, bored cast-in-place piles, with most of the
applied load being resisted by steel reinforcement. They are constructed by
drilling a borehole, often using casing, then placing steel reinforcement and
grouting the hole. Micropiles have a wide range of uses and are becoming
a more mainstream method of supporting and resupporting foundations,
seismic retrofits, stabilization of slopes and even earth retention.

Micropiles are usually designed in small clusters or groups, with each typically
carrying an equal amount of load. These piles may also be designed with a
batter to improve the lateral rigidity of the group. They can be designed to
resist a combination of compression, tension and lateral forces.

Micropiles are an ideal pile for complex sites where low vibration or low
noise levels are required, or where limited access such as low headroom
and drilling is difficult. Other site conditions that make micropiles attractive
are: obstructions, large cobbles or boulders, nearby sensitive structures,
karst topography or high groundwater conditions. The unique characteristics
of micropiles make them a perfect solution when other deep foundation
methods are not suitable.

Sign Poles, Towers, & Transmission Lines

Sign poles and towers are designed to resist large bending loads at the base of
the structure. The availability and wide variety of thicknesses of large diameter
pipe allow designers to pick the exact size needed to handle their particular
project. Pipes can also be supplied in very long lengths, are simple to splice and
easy to drill into hard ground. Reduction collars can facilitate the splicing of
different diameters to make the design as efficient as possible.

Mining
Mining operations take place far beneath the surface in hazardous conditions.
Personnel, equipment and air shafts are all integral parts of the mine. Vertical
pipe sections are often used to construct the shafts. The large range of
diameters and thicknesses make steel pipe the material of choice for various
shaft requirements. Some of the shafts are hundreds, if not thousands, of feet
long and pipe can be supplied in sections with the ends prepped for splicing.
Bracing rings can be used to keep the pipe thicknesses to a minimum.

Nucor Skyline: Pipe 19

 Applications

Jacked & Bored

The placement of underground utilities is often done with jacked and bored
pipe. Sections of pipe are pushed through the ground with hydraulic jacks
between excavations or under a hill. The next section of pipe is then spliced
onto the first and the jacking continues. Once the jacking is complete, the
pipe is cleaned out to install the utilities. This allows the placement of utilities
without extensive excavation which can disrupt roads, railroads, homes and
businesses.

Line Pipe
Welded steel pipe provides an effective method for transporting liquids, air,
and gas. Steel pipe is pound per pound stronger than any other type of line
pipe. Pipe can be designed to handle both the internal and external pressures
of most applications. Welded steel pipe offers many advantages, such as:
strength, economy and ease of installation. Nucor Skyline is SPFA certified and
manufactures hydrostatically tested pipe in outside diameters ranging from 103/4”
to 90”. Our production process utilizes a double submerged arc weld process in
both spiralweld and rolled & welded pipe. Hydrostatically tested pipe lengths
range from 30’ to 60’, wall thicknesses from 0.250” to 2.0” and are produced to
one of the following industry standards: AWWA C200/ASTM A139/ASTM A134.

20 Nucor Skyline: Pipe

www.nucorskyline.com
 www.nucorskyline.com | 888.450.4330

For technical questions and engineering support, please contact us via our technical hotline at:
866.875.9546 or email us at: engineering@nucorskyline.com.
11/20 Edition

About Nucor Skyline

A premier steel foundation supplier serving the U.S., Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean, Central America, and Colombia,
Skyline Steel, LLC. Skyline Steel, LLC (doing business as Nucor Skyline) is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Nucor Corporation,
the largest producer of steel in the United States..