UNIT-1 MATHEMATICS

68. For every rational number x, x × 0 = x. 1

88. The rational numbers and –1 are on the opposite sides of zero on
69. For every rational numbers x, y and z, x + (y × z) = (x + y) × (x + z). 2
the number line.
70. For all rational numbers a, b and c, a (b + c) = ab + bc.
89. Every fraction is a rational number.
71. 1 is the only number which is its own reciprocal.
90. Every integer is a rational number.
72. –1 is not the reciprocal of any rational number.
91. The rational numbers can be represented on the number line.
73. For any rational number x, x + (–1) = –x.
92. The negative of a negative rational number is a positive rational
74. For rational numbers x and y, if x < y then x – y is a positive rational number.
number.
93. If x and y are two rational numbers such that x > y, then x – y is
75. If x and y are negative rational numbers, then so is x + y.
always a positive rational number.
76. Between any two rational numbers there are exactly ten rational
numbers. 94. 0 is the smallest rational number.
77. Rational numbers are closed under addition and multiplication but 95. Every whole number is an integer.
not under subtraction.
78. Subtraction of rational number is commutative. 96. Every whole number is a rational number.
3 97. 0 is whole number but it is not a rational number.
79. − is smaller than –2.
4
80. 0 is a rational number. 1 5
98. The rational numbers and − are on the opposite sides of 0 on
2 2
81. All positive rational numbers lie between 0 and 1000.
the number line.
82. The population of India in 2004 - 05 is a rational number.
99. Rational numbers can be added (or multiplied) in any order
5 8
83. There are countless rational numbers between and . −4 −6 −6 −4
6 9 × = ×
5 5 5 5
1
84. The reciprocal of x –1 is . 100. Solve the following: Select the rational numbers from the list which
x
57 are also the integers.
85. The rational number lies to the left of zero on the number line.
23
9 8 7 6 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 3 1 0 –1 –2 −3 −4 −5 −6
7 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
86. The rational number lies to the right of zero on the number line. 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2
−4
−8 101. Select those which can be written as a rational number with
87. The rational number lies neither to the right nor to the left of denominator 4 in their lowest form:
−3
zero on the number line.
7 64 36 − 16 5 140
, , , , ,
8 16 − 12 17 − 4 28

RATIONAL NUMBERS 17 18 EXEMPLAR PROBLEMS

 UNIT-1 MATHEMATICS

102. Using suitable rearrangement and find the sum: −2 −5 1 1

(c) x = , y= and z = (d) x = 0, y =
4 ⎛ − 4 ⎞ 3 ⎛ −13 ⎞ 7 6 4 2
(a) 7 + ⎜ 9 ⎟ + 7 + ⎜ 9 ⎟
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠ and What is the name of this property?

7 3 5 −4 110. Verify the property x × (y + z) = x × y + x × z of rational numbers by

(b) −5 + + + ( −3) + + taking.
10 7 14 5
103. Verify – (– x) = x for −1 3 1
(a) x = , y= , z=
2 4 4
3 −7 13
(i) x = (ii) x = (iii) x = −1 2 3
5 9 −15 (b) x = , y= , z=
2 3 4
104. Give one example each to show that the rational numbers are closed
−2 −4 −7
under addition, subtraction and multiplication. Are rational numbers (c) x = , y= , z=
closed under division? Give two examples in support of your answer. 3 6 9

105. Verify the property x + y = y + x of rational numbers by taking −1 2 −3

(d) x = , y= , z=
5 15 10
1 1 −2 −5
(a) x = , y= (b) x = , y= 111. Use the distributivity of multiplication of rational numbers over
2 2 3 6 addition to simplify
−3 20 −2 −9 3 ⎡ 35 10 ⎤ −5 ⎡ 8 16 ⎤
(c) x = , y= (d) x = , y= × + × +
(a) (b)
7 21 5 10 5 ⎢⎣ 24 1 ⎥⎦ 4 ⎢⎣ 5 15 ⎥⎦
106. Simplify each of the following by using suitable property. Also name
the property. 2 ⎡ 7 21 ⎤ 3 ⎡8 ⎤
(c) × − (d) × − 40 ⎥
7 ⎢⎣16 4 ⎥⎦ 4 ⎢⎣ 9 ⎦
⎡1 1 ⎤ ⎡1 ⎤ ⎡1 2 ⎤ ⎡1 2 ⎤ −3 ⎧ 3 ⎛ −5 ⎞ ⎫
(a) ⎢ × ⎥ + ⎢ × 6 ⎥ (b) ⎢ × − × (c) ×⎨ +⎜ ⎟⎬ 112. Simplify
⎣2 4 ⎦ ⎣2 ⎦ ⎣ 5 15 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ 5 5 ⎥⎦ 5 ⎩7 ⎝ 6 ⎠⎭
32 23 22 3 28 14
107. Tell which property allows you to compute (a) + × (b) × ÷
5 11 15 7 15 5
1 ⎡5 7 ⎤ ⎡1 5 ⎤ 7 3 −2 − 5 7 1 1
× × as ⎢ × ⎥ × + × + −
5 ⎢⎣ 6 9 ⎥⎦ ⎣5 6 ⎦ 9 (c)
7 21 6
(d)
8 16 12
108. Verify the property x × y = y × z of rational numbers by using 113. Identify the rational number that does not belong with the other
1 2 9 three. Explain your reasoning
(a) x = 7 and y = (b) x = and y =
2 3 4 −5 −1 −4 −7
, , ,
−5 14 −3 −4 11 2 9 3
(c) x = and y = (d) x = and y =
7 15 8 9 19 171
109. Verify the property x × (y × z) = (x × y) × z of rational numbers by 114. The cost of metres of wire is Rs. . Find the cost of one metre
4 2
using of the wire.
−1 1 2 −3 1
(a) x = 1, y = and z = (b) x = , y = and z = 115. A train travels
1445
km in
17
hours. Find the speed of the train in
2 4 3 7 2 2 2
km/h.

RATIONAL NUMBERS 19 20 EXEMPLAR PROBLEMS

 UNIT-1 MATHEMATICS

116. If 16 shirts of equal size can be made out of 24m of cloth, how much 124. Name the property used in each of the following.
cloth is needed for making one shirt?
7 −3 −3 −7
(i) − × = ×
7 11 5 5 11
117. of all the money in Hamid’s bank account is Rs. 77,000. How
11 2 ⎡ 3 −1 ⎤ ⎡ −2 3 ⎤ ⎡ −2 −1 ⎤
(ii) − × + = × + × ⎥
3 ⎢⎣ 4 2 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ 3 4 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ 3
much money does Hamid have in his bank account?
2⎦
1 1
118. A 117 m long rope is cut into equal pieces measuring 7 m each. 1 ⎡ 4 ⎛ − 4 ⎞⎤ ⎡ 1 4 ⎤ ⎡ − 4 ⎤
3 3 + +⎜ ⎟ = + +
3 ⎢⎣ 9 ⎝ 3 ⎠ ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ 3 9 ⎦⎥ ⎣⎢ 3 ⎦⎥
(iii)
How many such small pieces are these?
−2 −2 2
1 1 (iv) +0 =0+ =−
119. of the class students are above average, are average and rest 7 7 7
6 4
3 3 3
are below average. If there are 48 students in all, how many students (v) ×1 = 1 × =
are below average in the class? 8 8 8

2 1 125. Find the multiplicative inverse of

120. of total number of students of a school come by car while of 1 1
5 4
(i) −1 (ii) 3
students come by bus to school. All the other students walk to school 8 3
1 1 13 5
of which walk on their own and the rest are escorted by their 126. Arrange the numbers , , in the descending order.
3 4 16 8
parents. If 224 students come to school walking on their own, how −14
many students study in that school? 127. The product of two rational numbers is . If one of the numbers
27
121. Huma, Hubna and Seema received a total of Rs. 2,016 as monthly 7
be , find the other.
1 9
allowance from their mother such that Seema gets of what Huma −15
2 128. By what numbers should we multiply so that the product may
20
gets and Hubna gets 1
2
times Seema’s share. How much money do −5
3 be ?
7
the three sisters get individually?
−8
122. A mother and her two daughters got a room constructed for 129. By what number should we multiply so that the product may
13
3 be 24?
Rs. 62,000. The elder daughter contributes of her mother’s
8
130. The product of two rational numbers is –7. If one of the number
1
contribution while the younger daughter contributes of her is –5, find the other?
2
mother’s share. How much do the three contribute individually? 131. Can you find a rational number whose multiplicative inverse is –1?
123. Tell which property allows you to compare
132. Find five rational numbers between 0 and 1.
2 ⎡3 5⎤ ⎡2 5 ⎤ 3
× × and ⎢ × ⎥ × 1
3 ⎢⎣ 4 7 ⎥⎦ ⎣3 7 ⎦ 4 133. Find two rational numbers whose absolute value is
5
.

RATIONAL NUMBERS 21 22 EXEMPLAR PROBLEMS

 UNIT-1 MATHEMATICS

134. From a rope 40 metres long, pieces of equal size are cut. If the length 1
142. Shalini has to cut out circles of diameter 1 cm from an aluminium
10 4
of one piece is metre, find the number of such pieces. 3 1
3 strip of dimensions 8 cm by 1 cm. How many full circles can
4 4
1
135. 5 metres long rope is cut into 12 equal pieces. What is the length Shalini cut? Also calculate the wastage of the aluminium strip.
2
of each piece?
136. Write the following rational numbers in the descending order.
8 −9 −3 2
, , , 0,
7 8 2 5

2 1 −5 −21
137. Find (i) 0÷ (ii) × ×
3 3 7 10 1
138. On a winter day the temperature at a place in Himachal Pradesh 143. One fruit salad recipe requires cup of sugar. Another recipe for the
2
was –16°C. Convert it in degree Fahrenheit (0F) by using the formula. same fruit salad requires 2 tablespoons of sugar. If 1 tablespoon is
C F – 32 1
=
5 9 equivalent to cup, how much more sugar does the first recipe
16
139. Find the sum of additive inverse and multiplicative inverse of 7. require?
1 144. Four friends had a competition to see how far could they hop on one
140. Find the product of additive inverse and multiplicative inverse of – .
3
foot. The table given shows the distance covered by each.
141. The diagram shows the wingspans of different species of birds. Use
the diagram to answer the question given below:
Name Distance covered (km)
1
Seema
25
1
Nancy
32
1
Megha
40
1
Soni
20

(a) How farther did Soni hop than Nancy?

(b) What is the total distance covered by Seema and Megha?
(a) How much longer is the wingspan of an Albatross than the (c) Who walked farther, Nancy or Megha?
wingspan of a Sea gull?
145. The table given below shows the distances, in kilometres, between
(b) How much longer is the wingspan of a Golden eagle than the
wingspan of a Blue jay? four villages of a state. To find the distance between two villages,

RATIONAL NUMBERS 23 24 EXEMPLAR PROBLEMS

 UNIT-1 MATHEMATICS

locate the square where the row for one village and the column for 1
(b) Which items have a recycled amount less than ?
2
the other village intersect.
(c) Is the quantity of aluminium cans recycled more (or less) than
half of the quantity of aluminium cans?
(d) Arrange the rate of recycling the materials from the greatest to
the smallest.
147. The overall width in cm of several wide-screen televisions are 97.28 cm,
4 1
98 cm, 98 cm and 97.94 cm. Express these numbers as rational
9 25
p
numbers in the form and arrange the widths in ascending order.
q
2
148. Roller Coaster at an amusement park is m high. If a new roller
3
3
coaster is built that is times the height of the existing coaster,
5
what will be the height of the new roller coaster?
(a) Compare the distance between Himgaon and Rawalpur to 149. Here is a table which gives the information about the total rainfall
Sonapur and Ramgarh? for several months compared to the average monthly rains of a town.
(b) If you drove from Himgaon to Sonapur and then from Sonapur p
Write each decimal in the form of rational number .
to Rawalpur, how far would you drive? q
146. The table shows the portion of some common materials that are
Month Above/Below
recycled.
normal (in cm)
Material Recycled May 2.6924
5 June 0.6096
Paper
11 July – 6.9088
5 August – 8.636
Aluminium cans
8
150. The average life expectancies of males for several states are shown in
2
Glass p
5 the table. Express each decimal in the form and arrange the
q
3
Scrap states from the least to the greatest male life expectancy.
4
State-wise data are included below; more indicators can be found in
(a) Is the rational number expressing the amount of paper recycled
the “FACTFILE” section on the homepage for each state.
1 1
more than or less than ?
2 2

RATIONAL NUMBERS 25 26 EXEMPLAR PROBLEMS

 UNIT-1 MATHEMATICS
p
State Male form Lowest terms (D) Games and Puzzles
q
Andhra Pradesh 61.6
70 – 21 25 24
Assam 57.1 1. Given below is a magic square. Place the numbers 95 , –133 , 95 , 38
Bihar 60.7
Gujarat 61.9 in the appropriate squares so that sum in each row, column and
diagonal is equal.
Haryana 64.1
Himachal Pradesh 65.1
Karnataka 62.4 32 18 4 −14
Kerala 70.6 38 38 38 − 38
Madhya Pradesh 56.5 − 18 104
? ?
Maharashtra 64.5 − 57 152
Orissa 57.6 22 − 20
? ?
Punjab 66.9 38 − 95
Rajasthan 59.8 1 − 16 45 60
Tamil Nadu 63.7 19 −38 57 114
Uttar Pradesh 58.9
West Bengal 62.8 Hint: (Rewrite each rational number in its lowest term.)
2. Solve the given crossword filling up the given boxes. Clues are
India 60.8
given below for across as well as downward filling. Also, for across
Source: Registrar General of India (2003) SRS Based Abridged Lefe Tables. SRS Analytical and down clues, clue number is written at the corner of the boxes.
Studies, Report No. 3 of 2003, New Delhi: Registrar General of India. The data are Answers of clues have to be filled in their respective boxes.
for the 1995-99 period; states subsequently divided are therefore included in their
pre-partition states (Chhatisgarh in MP, Uttaranchal in UP and Jharkhand in 2 -5
Down 1: and are _______ numbers.
Bihar) 3 4
7 1 a –a
151. A skirt that is 35 cm long has a hem of 3 cm. How long will the Down 2: The _______ inverse of is .
8 8 b b
skirt be if the hem is let down?
Down 3: The addition and multiplication of whole number integers
152. Manavi and Kuber each receives an equal allowance. The table shows and rational numbers is _________.
the fraction of their allowance each deposits into his/her saving
account and the fraction each spends at the mall. If allowance of 1
Down 4: Since doesn’t exist hence 0 has no ________.
0
each is Rs. 1260 find the amount left with each.
Down 5: The number line extends _______ on both the sides.
Fraction of allowance
Where money goes Down 6: The _______ of two integers may not lead to the formation
Manavi Kuber
of another integer.
1 1
Saving Account Down 7: The multiplication of a number by its reciprocal
2 3
1 3 gives_______.
Spend at mall
4 5 Down 8: Rational numbers can be represented on a _______ line.
Left over ? ?

RATIONAL NUMBERS 27 28 EXEMPLAR PROBLEMS

 UNIT-1 MATHEMATICS

Across 1: There are _______ rational numbers between two integers.

3. Break the Code
Across 2: The multiplication of rational numbers is commutative and
Solve this riddle by reducing each rational number to its lowest
______.
term. The magnitude of the numerator of rational number so obtained
Across 3: The addition and ______ of two rational numbers lead to gives you the letter you have to encircle in the word following it. Use
the formation of another rational number.
the encircled letters to fill in the blanks given below:
Across 4: All the positive integers excluding 0 are known as _______
numbers. S.No. Rational Number Lowest Term Word
Across 5: For any rational a ; a ÷ 0 is _______.
- 12
(1) SPIN
Across 6: Reciprocal is also known as the multiplicative 30
_____________. - 24
(2) TYPE
–36
39
(3) WITH
52
– 48
(4) HOST
144
27
(5) SHARP
90
–34
(6) GAIN
–170
76
(7) PROOF
95
46
(8) RAIN
- 92
29
(9) AWAY
116
14
(10) SWEET
–42

_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ ____ ____
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

RATIONAL NUMBERS 29 30 EXEMPLAR PROBLEMS

 UNIT-1 MATHEMATICS

Rough Work
1 1
× (–12 ) ÷3 × (– 2 )
2 5
5

÷
1 1 2
÷ (– ÷ (
× –1
) )
æ2 1ö
¸ç - ÷
è5 2ø
2 3 5 ) 3 ×
1
3)6×
4
3

×(–2)
1
–2
3
3 1
× + ÷(–2)
Its 4 12
reciprocal

+ Its additive
identity

× Its multiplicative
inverse

× Its multiplicative
inverse

÷ –1 1
(
( 3

(
÷(–25 +203
× Its additive
inverse

÷–3
(
4( 2

ONE

RATIONAL NUMBERS 31 32 EXEMPLAR PROBLEMS