Question 1: Write down the differences between vacuum

tube & transistor. Write some examples of semiconductor

materials.
Vacuum tube, which represents the vacuum inside the glass bottle, is conducive
to the flow of free electrons and can effectively reduce the oxidation loss of
filament.The vacuum tube uses the electric field to inject the electronic modulation
signal into the control grid in vacuum, and obtains the different parameter signal data
after the signal amplification or feedback oscillation at the anode.
The transistor is a solid semiconductor device. It has many functions such as dete
ction, rectification, amplification, switching, voltage stabilization and signal modulati
on. As a variable current switch, the transistor can control the output current based on 
the input voltage. Different from common mechanical switches (Relay, Switch), transi
stors use telephones to control their opening and closing, and the switching speed can 
be very fast, the switching speed in the laboratory can reach more than 100GHz.
Common semiconductor materials include silicon (SI), germanium (GE),
compound semiconductor, such as gallium arsenide (GaAs), etc.; doping or making
other compound semiconductor materials, such as boron (b), phosphorus (P), Gu (in),
antimony (sb), etc. Silicon is one of the most commonly used semiconductor
materials.

Question 2: What are the different types of memory

devices? Write the differences between RAM & ROM.

Common storage devices are mainly divided into DAS, San and NAS according
to their implementation methods.Computer memory can be divided into two
categories: memory and external memory.
RAM stands for random-access memory. RAM contains bytes of information
and the microprocessor can read or write to those bytes depending on whether the RD
or WR line is signaled.
ROM stands for read-only memory. A ROM chip is programmed with a
permanent collection of pre-set bytes.
RAM (random access memory) is random memory, which will lose its storage
content when power is off, so it is mainly used to store programs used for a short
time. ROM (read only memory) is a kind of solid-state semiconductor memory which
can only read the data stored in advance.

Question 3: Write down the full form:

CAD, EDA, VHDL, PLA, FPGA, MIPS, ALU
CAD: Computer Aided Design.
EDA: Electronic Design Automation.
Verilog HDL & VHDL (VHSIC Hardware Description Language) .
PLA: Programmable Logic Array.FPGAs (field programmable gate arrays).
MIPS(Million Instructions Per Second).
ALU（Arithmetic&logical Unit）.

Question 4: Explain PLA structure with block diagram.