EXAMPLE ON DESIGN OF UNIAXIAL SHORT COLUMN 2013/21

Example 2: Design the braced column to resist an axial load of 950 kN and bending moment shown
on the Table below. Length of the column is 5.5 m and cross-section of 300 x 300mm. Use concrete
class C25/30, steel grade of S – 460 and effective length Le=0.66L.

Axial force Moment Direction

95kN-m Clock wise
950kN 115kN-m Clock wise

Solution

1. Determine design constant

𝑐𝑐 𝑓𝑐𝑘 0.85∗25
𝑓𝑐𝑑 = = = 𝟏𝟒. 𝟏𝟔𝟕𝒎𝒑𝒂
𝑟𝑐 1.5

𝑓𝑦𝑘 460
𝑓𝑦𝑑 = = 1.15 = 𝟒𝟎𝟎𝒎𝒑𝒂
𝑟𝑠
2. check column weather it is short or slender (long)
 Determine slenderness of column (𝒄𝒂𝒍)
𝑙𝑒
𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 𝑖
,
𝑙𝑜 = 0.66 ∗ 5500 = 𝟑𝟔𝟑𝟎𝒎𝒎
𝑏ℎ3 300 ∗ 3003
𝐼= = = 𝟔𝟕𝟓, 𝟎𝟎𝟎, 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝒎𝒎𝟒
12 12
𝐼 675,000,000
𝑖 = √𝐴 = √ = 𝟖𝟔. 𝟔𝟎𝟐𝒎𝒎
300∗300

𝑙𝑒 3630𝑚𝑚
𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 𝑖
= 86.602𝑚𝑚
= 𝟒𝟏. 𝟗𝟏𝟔
 Slenderness limit of column(𝒍𝒊𝒎 )
𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 20𝐴𝐵𝐶⁄ Take A =0.7, B = 1.1, C = 1.7 - 𝑟𝑚
√𝑛
𝑚01 −95
𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑟𝑚 = = = −𝟎. 𝟖𝟐𝟔
𝑚02 115
C = 1.7 - 𝑟𝑚 = 1.7 − (−0.826) = 𝟐. 𝟓𝟐𝟔
𝑁𝐸𝑑 950∗ 103
𝑛= = 14.167∗ 300 ∗ 300 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟒𝟓
𝐴𝑐 𝑓𝑐𝑑
20 ∗ 0.7 ∗ 1.1 ∗ (2.526)
𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 20𝐴𝐵𝐶⁄ = ⁄ = 45.069
√𝑛 √0.745

𝒄𝒂𝒍 = 𝟒𝟏. 𝟗𝟏𝟔 < 𝒍𝒊𝒎 =𝟒𝟓. 𝟎𝟔𝟗 … … … 𝑺𝒉𝒐𝒓𝒕!

𝒘𝒆 𝒄𝒂𝒏 𝒏𝒆𝒈𝒍𝒆𝒄𝒕 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒅 𝒐𝒓𝒅𝒆𝒓 𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒄𝒕!

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 EXAMPLE ON DESIGN OF UNIAXIAL SHORT COLUMN 2013/21

3. Determine total design eccentricity (𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒕 )

𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑡 = 𝑒𝑖 + 𝑒𝑒
 Initial Eccentricity for Geometric Imperfection (𝒆𝒊 )
𝑙𝑒 3630
= = 9.075𝑚𝑚
400 400
ℎ 300
= = 15𝑚𝑚
𝑒𝑖 = 𝑚𝑎𝑥 20 20 Take 𝒆𝒊 = 𝟐𝟎𝒎𝒎
𝑙𝑒 3630
𝜃𝑖
= 0.00426 ∗ 2 = 7.739𝑚𝑚
2
{ 20𝑚𝑚
𝜃𝑖 = 𝜃𝑜 ∗ 𝑎ℎ ∗ 𝑎𝑚 = 1⁄200 ∗ 0.8528 ∗ 1 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟒𝟐𝟔
𝜃𝑜 = 𝟏⁄𝟐𝟎𝟎
𝑎ℎ = 2⁄ = 2⁄ = 0.8528 , 𝟐⁄𝟑 ≤ 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓𝟐𝟖 ≤ 𝟏 − − − − − 𝒐𝒌!
√𝐿 √5.5
𝒂𝒉 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟏𝟔𝟓

𝑎𝑚 = √0.5(1 + 1⁄𝑚) = 𝑎𝑚 = √0.5(1 + 1⁄1) = 𝟏

𝑚 = 1 − 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑖𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑚𝑒𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟
L - is the length or height of column [m]
 Equivalent first order eccentricity (𝒆𝒆 )

0.6𝑒𝑜2 + 0.4𝑒𝑜1 𝑀𝑜2 115 ∗ 106

𝑒𝑒 = { ; 𝑒𝑜2 = = = 𝟏𝟐𝟏. 𝟎𝟓𝟑𝒎𝒎
0.4𝑒𝑜2 𝑁𝑠𝑑 950∗ 103

𝑀𝑜1 −95 ∗ 106

𝑒𝑜1 = = = −𝟏𝟎𝟎𝒎𝒎
𝑁𝑠𝑑 950∗ 103

0.6 ∗ 121.053 − 0.4 ∗ 100 = 32.632𝑚𝑚

𝑒𝑒 = { 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝒆𝒆 = 𝟒𝟖. 𝟒𝟐𝟏𝒎𝒎
0.4 ∗ 121.053 = 48.421𝑚𝑚
𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑡 = 𝑒𝑖 + 𝑒𝑒 = 20𝑚𝑚 + 48.421𝑚𝑚 = 𝟔𝟖. 𝟒𝟐𝟏𝒎𝒎

Check 𝑒 = 𝑒𝑖 + 𝑒02 = 20 + 121.053𝑚𝑚 = 141.053𝒎𝒎

68.421𝑚𝑚
𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑡 = 𝑚𝑎𝑥 { 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒕 = 𝟏𝟒𝟏. 𝟎𝟓𝟑𝒎𝒎
141.053𝑚𝑚
4. Determine design moment
𝑚𝑠𝑑 = 𝑁𝑠𝑑 ∗ 𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑡 = 950 ∗ 141.053 ∗ 10−3 = 𝟏𝟑𝟒. 𝟎𝒌𝑵 − 𝒎
5. Compute normal force (𝝂𝒔𝒅 ) and moment ratio (𝝁𝒔𝒅 )
𝑁𝑠𝑑 950∗ 103
Normal force ratio, 𝝂𝒔𝒅 = 𝑓 = = 0.745
𝑐𝑑∗𝑏∗ℎ 300∗300∗14.167
𝑚𝑠𝑑 134.0∗ 106
Moment ratio, 𝝁𝒔𝒅 = 𝑓 = = 0.35
𝑐𝑑 ∗𝑏∗ℎ2 14.167∗300∗3002
𝑑′
Using 𝜈𝑠𝑑 = 0.745 , 𝜇𝑠𝑑 = 0.35 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑡 = 0.1, read the mechanical steel ratio from
𝑑
uniaxial interaction chart ω = 0.81
6. Calculate longitudinal (main) reinforcement
𝜔 ∗ 𝐴𝑐 ∗ 𝑓𝑐𝑑 0.81 ∗300∗300∗14.167
𝐴𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑡 = = = 𝟐, 𝟓𝟖𝟏. 𝟗𝟑𝟔𝒎𝒎𝟐
𝑓𝑦𝑑 400

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 EXAMPLE ON DESIGN OF UNIAXIAL SHORT COLUMN 2013/21

𝐴𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑡 2,581.936
𝐴= = = 𝟏, 𝟐𝟗𝟎. 𝟗𝟔𝟖𝒎𝒎𝟐
2 2
𝐴 1,290.968
𝑛= = = 4.111 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝑛 = 5
𝑎𝑠 (ᴨ ∗ 202⁄
4)
𝐴𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 = 10 ∗ 314 = 𝟑𝟏𝟒𝟎𝒎𝒎𝟐
 Check with maximum and minimum reinforcement limit
0.1∗𝑁𝐸𝑑 0.1∗950∗ 103
= = 237.50𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = { 𝑓𝑦𝑑 400 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝑨𝒔𝒎𝒊𝒏 = 𝟐𝟑𝟕. 𝟓𝟎𝒎𝒎𝟐
0.002𝐴𝑐 = 0.002 ∗ 300 ∗ 300 = 180𝑚𝑚2

𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.08 𝐴𝑐 = 0.08 ∗ 300 ∗ 300 = 𝟕, 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝒎𝒎𝟐 At overlap

𝑨𝒔𝒎𝒊𝒏 = 𝟐𝟑𝟕. 𝟓𝟎𝒎𝒎𝟐 < 𝑨𝒔𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒗𝒊𝒅𝒆 = 𝟑𝟏𝟒𝟎𝒎𝒎𝟐 < 𝑨𝒔𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 𝟕, 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝒎𝒎𝟐 … . 𝒐𝒌!

Provide 𝟓𝟐𝟎 𝑜𝑛 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒

7. Determine Lateral(stirrups) Reinforcement

6𝑚𝑚
Stirrups: 𝑙  𝑚𝑎𝑥 {𝐿 20 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝒍 = 𝟖𝒎𝒎
= 4 = 5𝑚𝑚
4

Spacing of stirrups (s)

20 ∗ 𝐿 = 20 ∗ 20
S = 𝑚𝑖𝑛 { 𝑏 = 300 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝑺 = 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝒎𝒎
400
𝑷𝒓𝒐𝒗𝒊𝒅𝒆 𝟖 𝒄/𝒄 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝒎𝒎 𝒍 = 𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎𝒎𝒎
8. Reinforcement Detailing

5φ20
h=300 mm

5φ20

b=300mm

3 Reinforced concrete structure -II