St.

Josephs International Catholic College: Grade 12 Biology

40 marks
Name: ……………………………………………………………………………………. Class: 12 …….. Dates: 7th May 2021
Practical Activity: Convenient cloning-examining some issues
INTRODUCTION
Dolly the sheep made history as the first cloned mammal in the world. She was born on 5 July 1996 at
the Roslin Institute in Scotland. While cloning of plants is age-old, the birth of Dolly meant that
cloning of animals had now arrived in earnest. It set the scene for many potential farming and medical
applications, but also hailed a new era of controversy.

PURPOSE
To investigate the emerging issues associated with cloning of organisms in agriculture and
horticulture.

PROCEDURE
Read each of the following three articles and consider the accompanying figures. Highlight the key
ideas and answer the questions associated with each article.
Article one

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS:

1. Suggest why there was such public interest in the life of Dolly the sheep. (2 marks)
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2. With reference to Dolly, explain how a clone is similar to and different from its parent. (3 marks)
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3. The birth of Dolly ignited debate about the potential wider applications of cloning. Outline three
ethical issues associated with cloning animals or other organisms. (3 marks)
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Article Two

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DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS:
1. Cloning in plants is a form of vegetative propagation. Explain what is meant by the phrase
'vegetative propagation'. (2 marks)
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2. Name and describe three types of vegetative propagation in plants. Provide one example of each.
(4 marks)
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3. List some advantages and disadvantages of the different varieties of bananas in Table l.
Table 1: Advantages and disadvantages of the different varieties of bananas in table 1: (6 marks)
Variety Advantages Disadvantages

Wild bananas

Cavendish
(cloned)
bananas

GM bananas

4. Unlike Cavendish bananas, the wild fruit do not require the application of large amounts of
fungicides. Suggest how fungicides may be harmful to both consumers and the environment.(3 marks)
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Article Three

1. Identify and describe two potential benefits to producers of cloning cattle to increase the herd
rather than using traditional methods of sexual reproduction. (3 marks)
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2. Identify and describe two potential benefits to consumers of cloning cattle for milk and beef
production. (3 marks)
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3. Suggest why there may be reluctance on the part of consumers to purchase food products such as
beef and milk sourced from cloned cattle. (3 marks)
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4. Comment on the statement in the article that 'Cloning is not the same as genetic modification'.
(3 marks)
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CONCLUSION
Discuss some issues raised in this activity over which there is community debate. Address the
advantages and disadvantages of cloning in agriculture and horticulture. Include a comment about
biodiversity. (5 marks)
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